豚鼠外淋巴瘘对畸变产物耳声发射的影响

为观察豚鼠外淋巴瘘造模后畸变产物耳声发射的变化，选用１１只豚鼠右耳为实验耳，手术建立蜗窗外淋巴瘘。在实验前，打开听泡，蜗窗膜造瘘，缝合伤口及外淋巴瘘造后１８天，均以２ｆ１－ｆ２ｚＤＰＯＡＥ的幅值记录其变化。测试完毕后豚鼠耳蜗行火棉胶包埋切片，观察形态学改变。结果发现在形成蜗窗膜外淋巴瘘前后ＤＰＯＡＥ幅值变化差异有显著性（Ｐ〈０．０１），１８天后蜗窗膜愈合者ＤＰＯＡＥ幅值明显提高，接近实验前，而未愈     

外淋巴钙离子对畸变产物耳声发射的影响

目的研究外毛细胞运动产生畸变产物耳声发射（ＤＰＯＡＥ）的机理。方法观察９只豚鼠（１１耳）采用无钙和有钙的人工外淋巴灌流外淋巴腔后ＤＰＯＡＥ的变化。结果用无钙人工外淋巴灌流后ＤＰＯＡＥ的均值从４１．３ｄＢＳＰＬ降至１３．７ｄＢＳＰＬ，再用正常钙浓度的外淋巴灌流后又可回升到３６．７ｄＢＳＰＬ。结论ＤＰＯＡＥ的产生需外淋巴中正常浓度的钙离子为必要条件。提示外毛细胞在产生ＤＰＯＡＥ中并非以毛细胞的电运动性机制起作用，而是与一般肌纤维相似的收缩机理起作用，需要钙离子的中介。     

外淋巴钙离子对畸为产物耳声发射的影响

目的 研究外毛细胞运动产生畸产产物耳声发射（ＤＰＯＡＥ）的机理。方法 观察９只豚鼠（１１耳）采用无钙和有钙的人工外淋巴灌流外淋巴腔后ＤＰＯＡＥ的变化。结果 用无钙人工外淋巴灌流后ＤＰＯＡＥ的均值从４１．３ｄＢＳＰＬ降至１３．７ｄＢＳＰＬ，再用正常钙浓度的外淋巴灌流后又可回升到３６．７ｄＢＳＰＬ结论 ＤＰＯＡＥ的产生需外淋巴强正常浓度的钼离耿必要条件。提示外毛细胞在产生ＤＰＯＡＥ中并非以毛细胞的电运     

创伤性圆窗和卵圆窗外淋巴瘘4例报告

目的：探讨创伤性圆窗和卵圆窗外淋巴瘘的诊断和治疗。方法：回顾性分析创伤性圆窗和卵圆窗外淋巴瘘４例,其中,手掌击伤耳部２例,砖头击伤头部１例,中耳手术干扰１例。从发病至手术时间为１．５－９个月,通过头和耳部外伤或中耳手术史,听力和前庭功能检查,最后经鼓室探查确诊;用耳屏软骨岂筋膜修补外淋巴瘘。结果;４例均经手术探查证实并修补,术后眩晕控制听力改善不明显。     

次声波对豚鼠畸变产物耳声发射幅度的影响

目的观察强次声波暴露后豚鼠畸变产物耳声发射(DPOAE)的变化情况.方法将15只豚鼠置于频率8Hz、强度为135dB SPL的次声声场中连续暴露90分钟.分别于强次声波暴露前及暴露后即刻(2h内)、2天和5天做畸变产物耳声发射测试.结果强次声波暴露后豚鼠DPOAE的幅度值在各个频率段与暴露前相比均有明显的降低(p＜0.01),随着时间的推移,各个频率的幅度虽有一定的恢复,但仍明显低于暴露前水平(p＜0.01).结论强次声波可导致豚鼠耳蜗外毛细胞功能明显减退.     

外淋巴瘘的毛细胞凋亡与听力损伤

目的：为探讨外淋巴瘘时的毛细胞凋亡现象及其在听力损伤中的作用。方法：对２５只豚鼠行外淋巴瘘造模后利用光镜,ＴＵＮＥＬ标记技术,耳蜗电图及脑干诱发电位等检测指标。结果：（１）外淋巴瘘早期（０ｈ组,２ｈ组）８只豚鼠形态正常,无毛细胞凋亡,随着外淋巴瘘时程延长,毛细胞凋亡数增多,耳蜗毛细胞凋亡出现概率分别为造瘘后１ｄ组（１／６只）,２ｄ组６７％（４／６只）和７ｄ组８０％（４／５只）;（２）外淋巴瘘造模后     

畸变产物耳声发射用于豚鼠测听的参数设置

作者自 1995年开始对动物进行了ＤＰＯＡＥ监测 ,并对其参数设置进行了研究 ,报告如下。1　材料与方法1 1　动物 :选用健康杂色耳廓反射灵敏豚鼠 12只 ( 2 4耳 ) ,雌雄不分 ,体重在 30 0～ 35 0克。麻醉后 ,剪开耳屏 ,显微镜下清洁外耳道。1 2　仪器 :ＧＳＩ- 6 0耳声发射测试仪 ,在行ＤＰＯＡＥ测试前将探头轻放在外耳道口 ,保持密闭。测试在屏蔽隔声室内进行 ,环境噪声≤ 2 5ｄＢ(Ａ)。1 3　参数 :采样率 80 0 0、16 0 0 0、32 0 0 0Ｈｚ ;叠加次数 2 5 6、5 12、10 2 4次 ;刺激声强度Ｌ1=Ｌ2 =6 5ｄＢ ,Ｌ1/Ｌ2 =6 5 /6 0、6 5 /5 5、6 5…     

外淋巴瘘

外淋巴瘘卢永德内耳和迷路囊外表面之间不正常的开口有外淋巴溢出即为外淋巴瘘（ＰＬＦ），临床对此的认识只是近２０年的事，如今由于其作为耳聋、眩晕及平衡障碍的一个重要病因而越来越受到重视。Ｈｏｕｓｅ等［１］报道ＰＬＦ的手术率为１‰。至今对于特发性ＰＬＦ尚无...     

外淋巴瘘与内淋巴积水

自从七十年代中期发现部分创伤和非创伤性外淋巴瘘患者可在早期或晚期出现内淋巴积水后,引起广泛重视,本文就外淋巴瘘后内淋巴积水的病理改变、发生机理、诊断及治疗等方面进行综述。     

豚鼠畸变产物耳声发射潜伏期的对侧抑制效应现象

目的通过观察对侧抑制效应中畸变产物耳声发射(distortion product otoacoustic     

Long-term stability between click-evoked otoacoustic emissions and distortion product otoacoustic emissions in guinea pigs: A comparison.

This study examines the long-term stability of otoacoustic emissions (OAEs), and we selected click-evoked otoacoustic emissions (CEOAEs) and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) from several types of OAEs. We then compared these methods for the long-term monitoring of inner ear functions. Over a period of 8 weeks, we measured CEOAEs and DPOAEs in guinea pigs (n = 8) every week and analyzed the changes in the total echo power of CEOAE, the echo power of frequency bands of CEOAE and the DPOAE level (f2/f1 = 1.2). We considered as 'stable' parameters those that showed small changes or of which the p value was close to 1.0. Good p values of CEOAEs were obtained over the 2- to 3-kHz range; better p values of DPOAEs were obtained over the 2- to 8-kHz range. Thus, DPOAEs afforded the extended frequency information achievable with CEOAEs. According to our results, DPOAEs were superior to CEOAEs as parameters of long-term stability because they showed fewer changes in level at each frequency.     

豚鼠畸变产物耳声发射的检测

目的 :建立稳定可靠的检测动物畸变产物耳声发射的方法。方法 :采用预先手术切除耳屏软骨 ,加用自制探头套管 ,选择复合麻醉等改良方法 ,测量健康杂色豚鼠 7只 ( 13耳 ) 2、4、6k Hz畸变产物耳声发射( DPOAE)输入输出 ( I/ O )曲线、潜伏期等指标。结果 :各频率 DPOAE引出率均为 10 0 % ,I/ O曲线最大幅值分别为 ( 2 7.2 4± 4 .15 ) d B SPL ,( 2 7.98± 4 .0 5 ) d B SPL和 ( 4 1.4 5± 1.2 0 ) d B SPL ;潜伏期为 ( 2 .0 6± 0 .2 1) m s,( 1.5 2±0 .16) ms和 ( 1.3 7± 0 .0 8) m s。结论 :改良法豚鼠 DPOAE检出率高 ,振幅大 ,各指标结果重复性好 ,适用于动物DPOAE的研究。     

豚鼠畸变产物耳声发射潜伏期的对侧抑制效应现象

目的 通过观察对侧抑制效应中畸变产物耳发射（distortion productotoacousticemissions,DPOAE)各指标的改变,探讨耳蜗生理机制及传出神经的调节机能。方法 12只健康杂色豚鼠分A、B2组,在对侧耳无声刺激及给予70dB SPL宽带噪声条件下,分别使用不同的原始纯音强度组合测定在f2＝2、4、6kHz时测试耳DPOAE之幅值及潜伏期。次日,A组动物背侧径路开放右耳听泡,圆窗膜给予60mmol/L卡因酸1μL,作用3h后拭去。给药后6h测试右耳无声刺激和给予70dB SPL宽带噪声刺激下,左耳的DPOAE幅值、潜伏期等指标。结果 ①用药前,A组对侧耳给声时以等强度原始音诱发的测试耳DPOAE各频率幅值与给声前基本无变化,而潜伏期显著延长;②用药前,B组对侧耳给声以差强度原始音（L2＝L1－10dB)诱发的测试耳DPOAE在2、4kHz的幅值与给声前相比有显著减小,潜伏期也显著延长;③A组用药后,对侧耳给声对测试耳DPOAE幅值和潜伏期均无显著影响。结论 潜伏期亦是对侧抑制研究中的敏感指标。对侧抑制效应在调制耳蜗转导机制中发挥负反馈作用。     

The effect of impulse noise exposure on distortion product otoacoustic emissions in the awake guinea pig

Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) are a sensitive detector of outer hair cell (OHC) function and were monitored in awake guinea pigs before and after impulse noise damaging the cochlea (peak intensity 153 dB SPL, rise time < 0.1 ms). Animals had stable DPOAE levels before noise exposure. In the first hours after noise exposure DPOAE levels were reduced significantly. Three different patterns of recovery of DPOAE were seen in the post-exposure period: restitution exceeding controls, partial recovery and no recovery. In general, DPOAE levels declined and types of recovery closely corresponded to changes in amplitudes of cochlear microphonics after noise exposure. These data suggest that the monitoring of DPOAE is a suitable method for diagnosing impaired OHC function. Received: 25 February 1999 / Accepted: 1 July 1999     

The reaction of the guinea pig cochlea to perforations of the round window membrane with and without perilymph aspiration

Summary The influence of simple opening of the round window (RW) membrane and the effect of aspiration of perilymph on the electrophysiological characteristics of the cochlea was tested in guinea pigs by measurement of the compound action potentials. We found that perforations of the RW membrane failed to lead to either shortterm or long-term damage in cochlear function. There was only a slight spontaneous escape of perilymph but without measurable functional loss. Additional aspiration of perilymph led to entry of air into the basal turn and to an immediate loss of function of the cochlea. This regressed within 4 weeks in the middle- and low-frequency ranges. Measurable long-term damage persisted only in the high-frequency ranges. We attribute contradictory results of other authors to methodological errors which we avoided by a specific selection of healthy animals and the development of standardized operation, recording and measurement procedures.     

豚鼠噪声暴露后畸变产物耳声发射与外毛细胞的改变

为观察豚鼠噪声暴露后畸变产物耳声发射（ＤＰＯＡＥ）与内耳毛细胞的改变，将１６只健康豚鼠分为３组，正常对照组３只，噪声后即刻组３只，７ｄ组１０只。暴露于１１５ｄＢ ＳＰＬ模拟潜艇机舱噪声中４ｈ，暴露后即刻及７ｄ检测ＤＯＰＡＥ听力图及Ｉ／Ｏ函数曲线，光镜及扫描电镜观察耳蜗毛细胞的改变。暴露即刻组ＤＰＯＡＥ振幅消失（Ｐ〈０．０１），７ｄ后又恢复至暴震前的基线水平（Ｐ〉０．０５）。光镜及扫描电镜显示耳蜗２