三维电极在废水处理中的应用研究

综合近年来国内外有关三维电极电化学废水处理技术研究文献,概述了三维电极在废水处理中的应用研究进展和特点,对三维电极在处理重金属离子废水、有机废水等方面的应用进行了论述,同时也对三维电极与其它技术的结合使用进行了总结,并提出三维电极目前在应用研究方面存在的问题及今后的研究方向。     

三维电极在水处理中的应用

综合近年来国内外有关三维电极水处理技术研究现状和特点,对三维电极在处理染料废水、有机废水、重金属离子废水等方面的应用进行了论述,同时对三维电极与其他技术的联合使用进行了总结,并提出三维电极目前研究存在的问题及今后的研究方向。     

电化学三维电极技术处理废水的研究与应用进展

综述了近几年国内外三维电极技术废水处理中的研究进展,对三维电极法在处理炼油废水、有机废水、生活污水等方面的应用进行了总结;重点阐述了三维电极的分类和降解污染物机理、电极材料的研究现状;概述了三维电极技术与生物法联用在处理废水中的研究进展,并提出三维电极技术目前存在的问题以及未来的研究方向。     

三维电极催化氧化研究进展

三维电极技术是处理废水的有效手段,整理了近几年国内外关于三维电极催化氧化技术最新的研究情况和特点,介绍了三维电极反应器的类型,对反应器采用的主电极材料、粒子电极的改进进行了论述,总结了三维电极技术耦合其它技术的处理效果,提出了该技术目前的不足及未来的研究方向。     

三维电极技术及其在环境污染治理中的应用

介绍了三维电极技术的分类和工作机理。综合近年来国内外三维电极技术的研究文献,重点阐述了三维电极技术在三维电极反应器、极板材料、粒子电极及与其它技术联用的研究现状,概述了三维电极技术在废水处理和废气治理领域的应用状况。高效反应器和新型三维电催化电极的研制及其联合处理工艺的开发将成为今后该领域研究的重点方向。     

三维流化床电极处理电镀废水

介绍了三维流化床电极的原理与特点。总结了三维流化床电极反应器中电流收集板的结构设计重点。着重分析了反应器运行的各个工艺参数,包括电极材料、pH值、槽电流等对处理效果的影响。并列举了三维流化床电极对几种不同性质废水的处理效果。     

三维电极电解技术在废水处理中的应用现状

三维电极电解是一种比传统二维电极电解更加高效的电化学水处理方法。近年来,三维电极电解法在污水处理领域取得了快速发展。本文从分类、工作原理及其在污水处理中的应用方面对三维电极电解技术进行了综述,并对未来研究方向进行了展望。     

炭膜与三维电极耦合处理高含盐染色废水的研究

以高含盐高COD染色废水为处理对象,研究新型的炭膜与三维电极耦合技术对其降解过程.通过对比三维电极工艺,考察了炭膜与三维电极耦合技术降解高含盐高COD染色废水的优越性,并研究了反应器参数对耦合技术处理效果的影响.结果表明,电极间距1.0cm,电流密度30 mA·cm-2,反应时间4 h,石墨玻璃珠混合物为粒子电极时,炭膜与三维电极耦合技术可将废水COD从4514mg·L-1下降到1050mg·L-1,COD去除率达到77%,对比三维电极电解过程,COD去除率提高34.2%.试验证明炭膜与三维电极耦合处理高含盐高COD染色废水是可行的集成技术.     

三维电催化氧化法的研究进展与应用

主要论述了三维电催化氧化法的研究进展。分别论述了三维电催化在处理工业有机废水的研究现状,三维电催化氧化的反应机理。报告了三维电催化反应装置研究现状;分析了电极材料,粒子电极的填充方式,反应装置类型对废水处理效果的影响,主要介绍了活性炭(GAC)材料作为粒子电极的应用研究,并探讨了三维电催化技术与其它技术联用提高废水处理效率的研究,最后对三维电催化氧化法的研究方向进行了展望。     

三维电极方法处理L-亮氨酸废水的研究

以模拟L-亮氨酸的废水为处理对象，研究影响三维电极去除废水COD的因素及三维电极的最佳操作条件，结果表明，主电极间距、粒子电极填充量、电解时间、电解电流及废水浓度等因素都对三维电极去除COD效率有显著影响，三维电极对模拟L-亮氨酸的废水COD去除率可达到87．9％～90％。说明三维电极处理L-亮氨酸的废水有一定的可行性。     

Reacteur a electrode volumique a lit fixe: Taux de conversion et selectivite

For the purpose of recovering silver from sulfuric acid solution, performance problems of a three-dimensional electrode operating at sublimiting current are discussed here. Material and charge balances in the reactor lead to three differential equations for concentration, potential and current density, which are solved by a numerical method. In the case of flow from cathode to anode the kinetic term has been found to be constant. Design equations for this kind of reactor have also been established.     

多重射流燃烧反应器制备纳米二氧化硅颗粒的数值模拟

建立了不同长径比的千吨级工业多重高速射流燃烧反应器三维物理模型,结合可实现k-ε湍流模型、有限速率/涡耗散模型、涡耗散概念化学反应模型、Discrete Ordinate辐射模型、欧拉-拉格朗日离散相模型、氢气19步详细反应机理与空气龄自定义函数对燃烧反应器内燃烧情况进行了多尺度数值模拟.结果表明,随着燃烧反应器长径比...     

Etude de l'influence des paramètres de fonctionnement d'un réacteui électrochimique à lit fixe conique

The recovery of metallic ions from dilute solutions has been carried out with a three-dimensional electrode. This work follows a study of electrochemical reactors with transported beds enclosed in a conical vessel. It deals more precisely with the influence of flow direction (upwards or downwards) and the cone angle when a reactor is working at the limiting diffusion current. The results of this study permit to define the geometric parameters determining the most efficient operation of the reactor.     

Flow field and residence time distribution simulation of a cross-flow gas-liquid wastewater treatment reactor using CFD

A three-dimensional Eulerian-Eulerian two-phase approach has been used for the simulation of a cross-flow gas-liquid wastewater treatment reactor. Two different turbulence models have been tested: the k-ε and Reynolds Stress Model (RSM) models. Bubble induced turbulence source terms have been added to these models. Numerical results have been validated using Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) measurements. Simulations with both turbulence models successfully predicted the hydrodynamics of the reactor. Then particle tracking with a stochastic approach has been used to calculate residence time distributions (RTD) with the flow previously simulated. It has been shown that dispersion in the reactor is primarily due to turbulence. Results have been compared with experimental RTD for various liquid and gas flowrates both on a bench scale and full scale plant. The RSM model accurately predicted the dispersion whereas the standard k-ε model slightly underestimated the dispersion.     

The reaction engineering of electrochemical cells—I. Axial packed bed electrodes

It is shown that the graphical method of solving the coupled equations for an endothermic reaction in a plug-flow, non-isothermal reactor can be extended to electrochemical reactions in three-dimensional electrodes. The method of solution is described and as a first example, it has been applied to a simple reversible reaction in an axial packed bed electrode. The sensitivity to various parameters has been examined. The method is ideally suited to computer-aided design procedures.     

三维电极反应器处理染料废水效果分析

测定在动态条件下三维电极降解染料废水时反应器内不同取样点的处理效果。通过对其降解效率、可生化性以及不同位置的降解产物进行分析,表明反应器内距进水口60cm处染料已经基本得到降解,反应器最佳长宽比为15:4。     

模拟移动床技术进展

综述了近年来模拟移动床技术多方面的进展。模拟移动床吸附分离已由石油化工领域逐步扩展到精细化工尤其是制药行业。模拟移动床模型和设计方法的研究更趋深入。模拟移动床反应器将反应和分离结合在一起,可以大大提高过程的效率,虽未进入实用但潜力很大。     

Application of volumetric electrodes to the recuperation of metals in industrial effluents—III. Potential distributions and design of radial field electrodes

An experimental and theoretical study is described of a fixed bed electrochemical reactor with perpendicular current and electrolyte flows. A two-dimensional model with different sets of boundary conditions has been developed for limiting current conditions. The influence on the potential distribution in the solution phase of different parameters, namely solution velocity, particles, diameter, axial and radial thickness of the bed, has been studied.The test reaction chosen was copper recovery from dilute solution in sulphuric acid supporting electrolyte. Using the proposed model, a design diagram has been set up to build an optimal industrial reactor.     

The behaviour of porous electrodes in a flow-by regime—I. theoretical study

A mathematical model is presented to describe the behaviour of three-dimensional electrodes operating under limiting current conditions. Principal results are the effect of electrolyte resistivity, hydrodynamic and cell geometrical parameters on the distribution of the electrolyte potential and overpotential inside the structure. The most pertinent parameters of the electrode and application to the design of a reactor having perpendicular directions of current and electrolyte flow are given.     

Optimization of the ceramization process for the production of three-dimensional biomorphic porous SiC ceramics by chemical vapor infiltration (CVI)

The ceramization process for the preparation of three-dimensional (3D) biomorphic porous SiC ceramics by chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) with methyltrichlorosilane/hydrogen mixture has been optimized in this work. As a first step, two alternative ceramization routes have been compared with each other with regard to composition, morphology and bending strength of the resulting ceramics using flat samples. Optimal ceramization route was found to be a three-step process including carbonization of the paper preforms, followed by chemical vapor infiltration with stoichiometric SiC layers and a final oxidation step, in which the residual carbon from the template (C_b) is burnt out of the ceramics. Based on these results 3D honeycomb structures have been ceramized. Prior to these experiments, a computational fluid dynamics simulation of the gas flow in the reactor and through the honeycomb structure has been performed with the software STAR-CD. As a result, homogeneously infiltrated three-dimensional structured SiC ceramics could be produced.