脑梗塞患者甘油三脂与纤溶活性异常的研究

目的 :探讨脑梗塞患者血高甘油三酯与纤溶系统异常的危险因素。方法 :采用酶联免疫吸附双抗体夹心法、酶法 ,对 5 1例脑梗塞患者及 5 0例健康对照组血组织型纤溶酶原激活物 (t PA) ,纤溶酶原激活物抑制物 1(PAI 1)和甘油三酯 (TG)水平进行了对比分析。结果 :血高TG、高PAI 1,与低t PA含量变化为脑梗塞患者异常变化特征 ,与正常组相比有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :高甘油三酯通过改变纤溶活性是诱发脑梗塞疾病发生、发展的危险生物学因素     

蚯蚓蛋白激酶对体内纤溶活性的增强作用研究

目的：探讨蚯蚓蛋白激酶制剂（LK）的纤溶增强作用。方法：采用静脉给药方法，观察LK对SD大鼠纤溶激活因子t-PA及其抑制物PAI-1的急性作用。结果：给药后，PAI-1活性被显著抑制（P<0.01），t-PA活性则明显增强（P<0.01）。剂量1200 U/kg体重的LK，其增强t-PA作用显著大于600U/kg体重剂量LK（P<0.05）。此外，体外观察表明:LK具有明显的激活纤溶酶原（Plg）作用，且有量-效关系，具有一定的浓度依赖性（1.56-25 kU/L）。结论：结果表明，LK具备增强纤溶的特性，静脉给药作用快速而肯定。     

睾酮对人血管内皮细胞纤溶活性影响及机制

目的：观察睾酮对人血管内皮细胞分泌纤溶酶原激活物（tPA）、纤溶酶原激活物抑制物1（PAI-1）的影响及其机制。方法： 将体外培养的人血管内皮细胞（HUVEC）分为5个浓度睾酮组及单纯培养基对照组，MTT实验观察睾酮对细胞生长及活性影响。ELISA 法测各组tPA、 PAI-1含量。用雄激素受体拮抗剂(flutamide)预处理细胞后重复实验。结果： 生理及略低于生理剂量睾酮（3×10-10 mol/L-3×10-8 mol/L）可明显促进tPA 分泌（P＜0.01）；而大剂量则使tPA 含量明显减少（P＜0.01）。各睾酮组PAI-1含量均明显低于对照组（P＜0.05）。Flutamide 能有效消除睾酮的上述作用。结论： 生理浓度睾酮通过雄激素受体促进tPA分泌，降低PAI-1浓度而增强纤溶系统活性，有利于防止血栓性疾病的发生。     

慢性肾脏疾病血清和尿液纤溶活性物质的改变及临床意义

目的探讨慢性肾脏疾病血清和尿液纤溶活性物质的改变及其临床意义。方法选择38例慢性肾小球肾炎(CGN),28例肾病综合征(NS),36例非透析治疗的慢性肾功能不全(CRF)和20例正常对照作为研究对象,应用ELISA法检测血清和尿液中组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(t-PA)和纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1(PAI-1)的浓度,同时分析尿中t-PA和PAI-1的水平与血t-PA、PAI-1、血肌酐和24h尿蛋白总量之间相关性。结果慢性肾脏疾病出现血清t-PA、PAI-1升高,尿液t-PA、PAI-1降低,其中尿液t-PA、PAI-1的改变独立于血清,不受血肌酐和24h尿蛋白定量的影响。结论慢性肾脏疾病患者存在纤溶活性物质的异常,其中尿液纤溶活性物质的改变可反应肾脏内皮细胞损伤。     

登革2型病毒调控血管内皮细胞纤溶系统相关蛋白的表达

目的观察登革2型病毒（DV2）对人脐静脉血管内皮细胞（HUVEC）表达组织纤溶酶原激活物（tPA）和纤溶酶原激活物抑制物1（PAI-1）的影响。方法应用胰酶消化分离HUVEC并进行传代培养，用生长良好的第2．3代细胞进行试验。用cell counting kit-8（CCK-8）测定DV2感染后细胞活性变化；发色底物法测定感染DV2组和对照组培养液中tPA、PAI-1活性；RT-PCR检测细胞内tPA和PAI-1 mRNA水平。结果DV2感染对细胞活力的影响与对照组相比差异无统计学意义。感染DV2组培养液中tPA活性在12～72h显著升高（P〈0．05）；DV2诱导HUVEC表达tPA mRNA的水平显著上调，12h达到峰值，以后渐降，72h mRNA表达水平仍高于对照组（P〈0．01）。而DV2感染组培养液中PAI-1活性和PAI-1 mRNA的表达与对照组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论DV2感染可显著上调HUVEC的tPA mRNA转录，增强内皮细胞tPA蛋白的分泌，而不影响PAI-1 mRNA的转录或改变内皮细胞PAI-1的分泌。结果提示DV2可活化但并不损伤内皮细胞，诱发内皮细胞增强表达纤溶酶原激活物而致使纤溶系统失衡，引起纤溶亢进，这可能是诱发DHF／DSS患者急性期出血、低血容量性休克等体征的主要因素之一。     

尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物及其特异受体和抑制物与肺癌的浸润转移

研究尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物(uPA)及其特异受体(uPA-R)和抑制物(PAI-1、PAI-2)在肺癌浸润转移中的作用.应用RIA分别对67例经组织病理确诊的各期肺癌和30例肺部相关炎症患者及30名健康献血者进行了相应的检测.结果显示,小细胞肺癌Ⅱ期和Ⅲ期患者血浆中uPA、uPA-R、PAI-1水平显著升高(P＜0.001),而PAI-2的水平逐渐降低;腺癌、鳞癌伴有浸润主支气管及肺门淋巴结者uPA、uPA-R与PAI-1水平亦显著升高(P＜0.001);周围型肺癌未见淋巴结受侵者uPA、uPA-R、PAI-1与PAI-2水平异常升高.uPA、uPA-R与PAI-1在肺癌中水平明显升高,并与肺癌的浸润转移相关密切,可作为肿瘤患者早期诊断、预后评估的有力指标.     

纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1与肥胖

纤 溶系统由纤溶酶原、纤溶酶原激活物 ( plasminogenac tivatorPA)和激活物特异性抑制剂 (plasminogenacti vatorinhibitorPAI)、纤溶酶及纤溶酶抑制物组成 ,其主要功能是通过纤溶酶溶解纤维蛋白而将其从循环系统中清除出去。PAI是纤溶系统活性主要的生理调节物 ,它在体内有多种形式 ,包括内皮细胞型 (PAI 1)、胎盘型 (PAI 2 )、尿型 (PAI 3)和连接蛋白酶 1(proteasenexin 1) ,其中PAI 1在纤溶活性调节中起着重要作用 ,它主要灭活组织型纤溶酶原激活物 (t PA)。PAI 1和t PA之间的平衡对维持纤溶系统正常功能十分重要。临床和流…     

儿童脓毒症纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1基因启动子区4G/5G多态性的研究

目的探讨纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1（PAI-1）基因启动子区单核苷酸插入或缺失（4G/5G）多态性与广州地区汉族脓毒症患儿的相关性,对脓毒症的发生、发展和临床预后的影响。方法选取2007年4-12月广州市妇女儿童医疗中心诊治的汉族脓毒症患儿为病例组,同期收集健康查体儿童为对照组。应用等位基因特异性扩增多聚酶链（AS-PCR）法对病例组和对照组行PAI-1基因启动子区4G/5G多态性检测和分析。采用基因计数法计算各组基因型频率和等位基因频率,χ^2检验分析比较两组人群各基因型的分布差异,计算OR值及其95%CI评估各基因型的风险。结果研究期间病例组纳入148例,对照组181名。病例组和对照组PAI-1基因启动子区4G/5G多态性的基因型和等位基因频率分布差异无统计学意义（χ^2=0.79,P〉0.05）。等位基因4G（χ^2=4.35,P〈0.05）及其纯合子（χ^2=4.44,P〈0.05）与脓毒症发展相关;携带等位基因4G患儿发展至重症脓毒症的风险比5G高,OR=4.05（95%CI：1.09-15.08）,4G/4G纯合子患儿发展至重症脓毒症的风险比其他基因型高,OR=4.57（95%CI：1.11-18.78）。等位基因4G（χ^2=9.17,P〈0.05）及其纯合子（χ^2=7.35,P〈0.05）与脓毒症病死率相关,携带等位基因4G患儿脓毒症病死风险较5G高,OR=4.30（95%CI：1.50-12.29）,4G/4G纯合子患儿脓毒症病死风险较其他基因型高,OR=3.14（95%CI：1.49-6.61）。结论PAI-1基因启动子区4G/5G多态性与广州地区汉族脓毒症患儿进展及预后相关,等位基因4G及其纯合子是其高危遗传因素;PAI-1基因启动子区4G/5G点多态性与脓毒症的易感性无关。     

纤溶酶原激活物抑制因子-1蛋白分子的结构与功能

纤溶酶原激活物抑制因子-1(PAI-1)是组织型纤溶酶原激活物(t-PA)和尿型纤溶酶原激活物(u-PA)的特异性抑制剂。对PAI-1分子的结构与功能的认识,有助于了解PAI-1发挥抑制 作用的机理。本文综述了近年来对PAI-1蛋白分子结构与功能研究的进展,介绍了PAI-1分子中一些区域的作用以及影响PAI-1抑制活性的一些因子。     

纤溶酶原激活剂抑制物-1基因启动子区4G/5G多态性与妊娠高血压综合征的关系

目的　探讨纤溶酶原激活剂抑制物 - 1(plasminogen activator inhibitor- 1,PAI- 1)基因启动子区 4 G/ 5 G多态性与妊娠高血压综合征 (pregnancy- induced hypertension syndrome,PIHs)发病的相关性。方法　应用聚合酶链反应 -限制性片段长度多态性分析 ,检测了 171例 PIHs患者 (PIHs组 )和 193名正常妊娠妇女 (对照组 )的 PAI- 1基因 4 G/ 5 G多态性。结果　 (1) PIHs组 PAI- 1基因型频率分布 :4 G/ 4 G型为4 7.4 % ,4 G/ 5 G型为 4 1.5 % ,5 G/ 5 G型为 11.1% ;PIHs组 4 G等位基因频率 (0 .6 81)和 4 G/ 4 G型频率(47.4 % )显著高于正常对照组孕妇 (0 .4 95和 2 1.2 % ) (P<0 .0 0 1)。 (2 )重度 PIHs患者组 4 G/ 4 G型和 4 G等位基因频率 (6 1.3%和 0 .75 8)显著高于轻度 PIHs组 (35 .8%和 0 .6 2 3) (P<0 .0 0 1) ;中度 PIHs组 (42 .8%和0 .6 5 2 )和轻度 PIHs组比较差异无显著性 (P>0 .0 5 )。 (3) 4 G/ 4 G基因型孕妇发生 PIHs的相对风险率的比数比为 3.34,95 %的可信区间为 2 .14～ 5 .2 2。结论　 PAI- 1基因 4 G/ 5 G多态性参与 PIHs的发病 ,纯合子4 G/ 4 G基因型可能是 PIHs发病的重要危险因素之一。     

Changes in the fibrinolytic system associated with physical conditioning

Summary The effects of physical conditioning on plasma fibrinolytic activity were studied in two groups of subjects. Volunteers not engaged in any sport were compared with individuals having been subjected to aerobic conditioning (middle-distance runners, defined as men running more than 80 km per week). Plasma concentrations of the different components of the fibrinolytic system were evaluated before and immediately after a maximal effort treadmill protocol. Comparison of the resting parameters revealed that under basal conditions for plasma concentrations of plasminogen, fibrinogen, 2-antiplasmin, protein C and protein S there were no differences between the two groups. Concentrations of the fibrin degradation products (FbDP) and fibrinogen degradation products (FgDP) were significantly higher in the runners than in the control group, indicating an increased fibrinolytic potential that seemed to be a consequence of the reduced formation of tissue plasminogen activator-plasminogen activator inhibitor (t-PA-PAI) complexes. Acute maximal exercise resulted in pronounced fibrinolysis, evidenced by the elevation of FbDP and FgDP concentrations, in both groups of subjects. The acceleration of the fibrinolytic activity was larger in conditioned individuals, which could be accounted for by a higher t-PA release and reduced formation of t-PA-PAI complexes when compared to the untrained subjects.     

冠心病患者行为类型与纤溶激活系统的关系

目的：研究不同行为类型冠心病患者之间纤溶激活系统的变化。方法：用A型行为问卷评定81名冠心病患者和59名健康人群，用发色底物法测定他们血浆的纤溶激活系统中PAI-1、t-PA活性。结果：冠心病患者比正常人群的PAI-1活性上升，t-PA活性下降；这种改变在不同行为类型之间比较，A型行为类型比非A型行为类型的冠心病患者PAI-1的活性升高而t-PA活性降低．结论：冠心病患者血浆中PAI-1活性上升，t-PA活性下降，这一特点还与A型行为有关。     

The effect of different exercise intensities on the fibrinolytic system

Summary The effects of moderate 30-min cycle ergometer exercise (aerobic metabolism) followed by short-term exercise at maximal capacity (anaerobic metabolism) on fibrinolytic activity were investigated in ten female and ten male healthy, untrained subjects. The following parameters of fibrinolytic activity were measured initially (t ₀), at the end of the aerobic phase (t ₁), at the end of the anaerobic phase (t ₂) and after a 30-min recovery period (t3): tissue plasminogen activator (PA_t) activity, PA_t concentration, plasminogen activator inhibitor (PA_i) activity, and D-Dimer concentration. Moderate long-term exercise caused a slight but significant increase in PA_t concentration and PA_t activity (t ₁; P<0.01), whereas short-term exercise at maximal capacity (t ₂) produced a substantial elevation in both these parameters (P<0.01). This would suggest that PAt was not inhibited totally by PA_i which would itself seem to be consumed during exercise. In addition, a slight exercise intensity-dependent increase in D-Dimer concentration was measured — circumstancial evidence not only for elevated fibrinolytic potential, but also for an actual increase in fibrin degradation (t ₂: P<0.01). After t ₃ both PA_t activity and D-Dimer concentration were still slightly but significantly increased. The results obtained in the tests of fibrinolytic activity showed no significant difference between the men and the women. It would seem that the release of PA_t is more markedly stimulated by short-term intense physical exercise than by long-term moderate exercise and actually causes increased fibrin degradation.     

组织型纤溶酶原激活因子及其抑制因子在孕鼠子宫中的表达

本实验用原位杂交和免疫组织化学定位方法从ｍＲＮＡ和蛋白质水平研究组织型纤维溶酶原激活因子（ｔＰＡ）及其Ｉ型抑制因子（ＰＡＩ－１）在受孕第七天大鼠子宫中的表达，结果表明，在非着床点子宫腔上皮细胞，腔上皮附近的基质细胞和腺上皮细胞中ｔＰＡ和ＰＡＩ－ｍＲＮＡ都有表达，但ＰＡＩ－１ｍＲＮＡ的量很低，ｔＰＡ抗原分布于了宫腔上皮和腺上皮，ＰＡＩ－１抗原只能在腺上皮和表层基质中微弱地检测到，在着床点，ｔＰＡ和Ｐ     

Urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor in gastric cancer: tissue expression and prognostic role

The urokinase-type plasminogen activator (UPA) and its inhibitor PAI-1 are thought to play an important part in gastric cancer (GC) invasion and metastasis. Little is known about the behavior and prognostic impact of the receptor for UPA (UPAR). The aims of the present study were: (1) to measure UPAR, UPA and PAI-1 levels in GC and in non-malignant tissue distant from the tumor (NORM); (2) to evaluate their relationship with histomorphological parameters; and (3) to determine their prognostic value. UPAR, UPA and PAI-1 levels were determined by ELISA in GC and NORM samples from 20 patients with GC undergoing surgery. The GC was also examined in terms of the presence (n=10) or absence (n=10) of metastasis, differentiation (five differentiated, 15 undifferentiated) and histotype. Survival was analysed using life table analysis. UPAR, UPA and PAI-1 were significantly higher in GC vs NORM, in the presence of metastasis (UPAR, UPA) and in undifferentiated GC (UPAR, PAI-1). UPAR significantly correlated with UPA and PAI-1. Low levels of UPAR (P=0.04), UPA (P=0.007) and PAI-1 (P=0.02) were associated with a better survival. Our results demonstrate a sharp increase in UPAR in GC and suggest a prognostic role for it. The concomitant activation of UPAR, UPA and PAI-1 in GC confirm the important role of the plasminogen activator system in the process of invasion and metastasis.     

体外培养的血管内皮细胞低氧低糖损伤后tPA、PAI-1表达变化

目的：观察体外培养的血管内皮细胞低氧低糖损伤后组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(tPA)、Ⅰ型纤溶酶原激活物抑制因子(PAI-1)表达变化，探讨脑缺血后纤溶系统的变化及机制。材料和方法：制备体外内皮细胞低氧低糖损伤模型，利用HE染色、免疫细胞化学染色观察tPA、PAI-1表达变化。结果：低氧低糖损伤后，tPA、PAI-1表达均明显增强。结论：成功制备体外内皮细胞低氧低糖损伤模型。内皮细胞低氧低糖损伤可以诱导tPA、PAI-1表达增多，进一步说明脑缺血损伤后tPA、PAI-1表达增加并参与损伤过程。     

多囊卵巢综合征胰岛素抵抗患者Gly972Arg多态性与子宫内膜胰岛素受体底物1表达的关系

目的:研究多囊卵巢综合征(Polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS)胰岛素抵抗(Insulin resistance,IR)患者胰岛素受体底物1(Insulin receptor substrate,IRS-1)基因Gly972Arg多态性与子宫内膜IRS-1表达的关系。方法:PCOS患者51例,用聚合酶链反应(PCR)技术,检测IRS-1Gly972Arg多态性。于月经周期第1天刮取子宫内膜,合并胰岛素抵抗者28例,非胰岛素抵抗者23例,应用免疫组化技术检测子宫内膜IRS-1,计算机图像分析系统分析子宫内膜IRS-1的表达。结果:Gly972Arg多态性:51例PCOS患者中,基因型GG 49例,基因型GA 2例,IR组与无IR组各1例,两组比较无统计学意义。子宫内膜IRS-1的表达:IR组、非IR组IRS-1表达的灰度值分别为131.94±18.39、78.16±6.87,比较有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:IRS-1Gly972Arg的突变率较低,其多态性在PCOS IR组与无IR组比较无统计学意义(P>0.05),不影响子宫内膜IRS-1的表达。     

多囊卵巢综合征患者血清IGF-1水平与胰岛素抵抗

目的探讨血清胰岛素样生长因子1(IGF-1)、胰岛素敏感指数(ISI)与多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)的关系。方法采集90例PCOS患者和41例正常对照组血清,应用电化学发光法检测胰岛素水平,葡萄糖氧化酶终点法检测空腹葡萄糖(FPG)水平,酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测IGF-1水平。结果 1.PCOS患者FPG、血清胰岛素、IGF-1水平明显高于正常对照组(t=16.72,2.24,4.51;P<0.01),且均与患者是否肥胖高度相关(t=5.08,2.07,3.30;P<0.01);2.PCOS患者胰岛素敏感性明显低于对照组,差别有显著性意义(t=3.12,P<0.05);3.PCOS患者血清IGF-1的含量与胰岛素敏感指数呈显著负相关,差别有显著性意义(r=-0.57,P<0.05);对照组血清IGF-1含量与胰岛素敏感指数无明显相关性(r=0.14,P>0.05)。结论多囊卵巢综合征患者存在不同程度的胰岛素抵抗(IR),IGF-1水平增高与PCOS患者发生IR有关,IGF-1可能与PCOS发生、发展有一定的内在联系并起协同作用。