南二区东部二类油层上返层系组合优化

大庆油田一类油层聚驱潜力逐年减少, 二类油层开发技术还在试验完善阶段, 未能大面积实施于工业化区块。针对南二区东部二类油层河道砂发育规模明显变小, 小层数目增多, 单层厚度变薄、渗透率变低的储层特点。为了使二类油层提高采收率, 通过研究确定二类油层的选层标准、油层沉积特征, 考虑层系组合的多项影响因素, 对该区块聚驱上返二类油层进行了合理的层系组合研究, 确定了上返层系厚度及注采井距, 为该区块聚驱上返层系组合提供了依据。     

大庆油田二类油层聚合物驱油技术要点

大庆油田长垣二类油层与葡I组主力油层地质特点差别较大,平面非均质和纵向非均质相当严重。在考虑井网对油层的控制程度和聚合物分子与油层的配伍性的基础上,引入聚驱控制程度这一重要概念,确定了二类油层注聚对象、渗透率下限、渗透率级差等技术标准,提出了二类油层注聚必须缩小井距、细分层系的观点;介绍了应用聚驱控制程度确定聚合物驱分子量和注入速度的方法;研究了油层渗透率级差和差油层厚度比例对最佳分层配注量的影响规律;对主力油层应用的聚合物驱分层配注方法进行了改进。     

萨中地区二类油层聚合物驱油试验的几点认识

2001年在萨中地区中新201站萨Ⅲ组油层开展了注采井距由250m缩小到175m的上返注聚试验,由于注聚对象为萨Ⅲ组所有油层,试验区平面、纵向非均质严重,注聚后注入、采出效果差异较大,因此利用精细地质研究成果解剖到单井单层,并结合矿场动态、井间示踪监测等手段得出二类油层河道砂规模控制着单井注入能力及聚合物驱油效果、二类油层注聚对象应以河道砂为主、以非河道砂完善注采关系的新认识,将对今后二类油层聚合物驱油工业化推广有重要的指导意义。     

喇萨杏油田聚合物驱层系组合原则研究

为了提高油田聚驱整体开发效果，最大程度地提高原油收率，在以往聚驱层系组合原则研究成果的基础上，通过聚驱开发实践总结和数值模拟技术，对开发层系组合的基本单元、一套开发层系内层间渗透率级差界限、油层沉积条件和油砂体沉积类型、隔层条件以及一套开发层系的组合厚度等多种聚驱层系组合所需考虑的因素进行了详细的研究，并综合考虑聚合物利用率、油田聚驱整体开发效果以及喇萨杏油田实际油层条件，制定出一套合理的层系组合原则，为大庆油田聚驱开发的层系组合问题提供了理论基础。利用此套原则划分开层系，可以更有效地细分层系，最大程度地满足不同油层渗透率和分子量的匹配关系，从而避免了资源的浪费，提高了聚合物利用率。     

喇南试验一区井网调整方案优选

喇南试验一区完成葡I1－2油层聚驱试验后，开始上返萨三组油层。针对上返层系的油层特点，提出了两种层系组合的原则。根据实际情况，推荐以二类油层为主并适当扩大部分三类油层的上返方式进行层系组合，最终确定萨Ⅲ4－10油层作为开展聚驱上返试验的目的层。在分析和研究萨Ⅲ4－10油层地质特点及动用状况的基础上，提出了6种聚驱井网的调整方案。通过分析对比，推荐采用将现注聚井网注采井别互换后的212m五点法面积井网方案，为该区块聚驱上返试验取得良好效果奠定了可靠基础。     

改善二类油层聚合物驱开发效果的途径

通过对已开展的二类油层注聚试验区和工业化区块的动态反映特征分析,指出二类油层在聚驱开发过程中存在着注入能力差、产液能力低、见效含水低值期短、聚驱平面矛盾突出等问题。从实践的角度总结了改善二类油层聚合物驱开发效果的主要途径。二类油层聚合物驱通过严格控制注聚对象,可以减少层间差异;通过采取细分层系、缩小井距、完善注采系统以及优化注聚方案等技术措施,可以取得较好的开发效果。     

萨北开发区二类油层三元复合驱开发方式优化研究

针对萨北开发区二类油层的地质特点,为探索适合二类油层三元复合驱的井网井距、层系组合方法,优化二类油层进行三元复合驱的开发方式,从开发效果、经济效益等方面进行了详细的论证,总结出以聚驱控制程度为中心,对二类油层采取限定对象、缩小井距、细分层系的开发方式.     

石油技术专利：中低渗透率油层聚合物驱油层系组合方法

一种中低渗透率油层聚合物驱油层系组合方法，其步骤有：1．选择聚合物驱区块；2．沉积单元的划分；3．聚驱区块聚合物驱潜力分析；4．沉积单元的筛选；5．层系组合。通过本发明提供的组合方法，可以对渗透率较低，有效厚度较薄的单油层有效地进行聚合物驱并提高油层采收率。     

萨北开发区二类油层三元复合驱开发方式优化研究

针对萨北开发区二类油层的地质特点，为探索适合二类油层三元复合驱的井网井距、层系组合方法，优化二类油层进行三元复合驱的开发方式，从开发效果、经济效益等方面进行了详细的论证。总结出以聚驱控制程度为中心，对二类油层采取限定对象、缩小井距、细分层系的开发方式。     

二类油层注聚对象的确定与层系间隔层处理方法

通过对北一二排二类油层注聚对象、水驱对象的细化研究,如严格按厚度、渗透率标准界定,注聚井网水驱控制程度将下降26％,而且单、双向连通比例明显增加,多向连通比例下降,对聚、水驱开发均造成较大影响。为此在实施时,需要根据具体情况,采取个性化设计,才能使聚水两驱在开采对象上实现有机结合。另外,在层系间隔层处理方面,针对隔层位置出现的不同类型厚油层,提出了“舍薄层、保厚层,求平衡、增储量”的做法,可以有效减少隔层位置的储量损失。     

阿姆河右岸酸性气田井口冲蚀及对策

中亚土库曼斯坦阿姆河右岸气田群为高含H_2S和CO_2的碳酸盐岩气藏,单井产量高,井口设备均出现了不同程度的腐蚀。初步分析认为其原因是生产过程中仅考虑酸性介质对气井井口的化学腐蚀,而没有考虑气体流速对井口的冲蚀作用,极大地影响了气田的安全生产。为此,通过对节流阀上下游阀道、法兰面均出现明显坑状腐蚀的进一步分析,明确了化学腐蚀和气体冲蚀的交互作用是井口磨损的主要影响因素,气流冲刷腐蚀坑的化学腐蚀产物会加速冲蚀损害;进而借鉴冲蚀与腐蚀运行环境下的多相管流管道的磨损计算理论,计算了该运行环境下的冲蚀极限速度,得到了不同生产工况下节流阀的抗冲蚀流量;最后,根据气田生产情况,针对性地提出了按气井配产要求来选择采气树类型、节流阀通径及类型冲蚀的技术控制策略。此举为气田安全生产提供了工程技术保障。     

山前地区深井超深井套管防磨与减磨技术研究

针对山前地区深井超深井钻井过程中套管磨损严重的问题,在分析套管磨损机理的基础上,开展了山前地区套管防磨与减磨技术研究,基于技术研究成果及应用实践,得到如下结论:1应用Power V等垂直钻井系统控制井眼轨迹,特别是上部井段的狗腿度和井斜,可明显减小侧向力和磨损量,缩短套管磨损时间;2应综合考虑套管磨损率、磨损系数以及钻杆耐磨带本身的磨损量,优选出效果最优的耐磨带;在狗腿度严重的位置,可考虑采用一定数量的橡胶钻杆卡箍来减轻对套管的磨损;3山前地区钻井液采用CX-300减磨剂能够显著降低磨损速率,减轻套管磨损程度,但在不同钻井液体系使用之前应进行优化分析以确定最佳使用量;4在迪那204井使用高密度钻井液体系,全部采用优选的高密度重晶石粉代替铁矿粉作为加重剂,整个钻进过程中未出现钻具及套管磨损,迪那204井易损件消耗量仅为邻井迪那203井的左右,防磨减磨效果非常显著。     

Biodiesel Projects Helpful to Ease Energy Shortage

Nearly 7,000 hectares of biodiesel forest will take shape in the northern province of Hebei in 2008, part of a national campaign to fuel the fast growing economy in a green way. In no more than five years, the Pistacia chinensis Bunge, whose seeds have an oil content of up to 40 percent, will yield five tons of fruit and contribute about two tons of high-quality biological diesel oil, according to the provincial forestry administration.     

State Energy Base Proposed in Inner Mongolia

Experts recently suggested China set up a state energy base in lnner Mongolia Autonomous Region to ease its energy thirst. The survey was co-conducted by senior researchers from the National Development and Reform Commission, Development Research Center of the State Council, Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Ministry of Finance. To plan and establish strategic energy bases at state level is in line with the principle of ＂giving priority to energy saving and diversifying energy consumption with the utility of coal at the core.＂     

Influence of Shale Oil Boom in North America upon nternational Crude Price Flucturation

正Current stituation of shale oil development in the world The US The country is blessed with abundant shale oil resources and had matersed whole sets of theories and technologies needed for their exploration and development after years of practices.According to an assessment of shale oil resources in major countries and regions of the world issued by the U.S.Energy Information Agency(EIA),the US ranks the second in the world with its 6.8 billion tons of technically recoverable shale oil(shale oil in place is about 136.3 tons).About 8plays had been confirmed to have     

A Sintering-resistant Pd/C Composite Catalyst for Ethylbenzene DehydrogenationDeveloped by CAS Institute of Metals

Carbon deposition is a commonplace phenomenon occurringin the catalytic reaction process, in particular inthe system of direct dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene,because the reactant - ethylbenzene molecules on thesurface of metal oxide catalysts are prone to quickly formcarbon deposits, leading to deactivation of catalysts. Recently,the associate research fellow Mr. Liu Hongyangand the research fellow Mr. Su Dangsheng of the StateShenyang Material Science （United ） Laboratory of theInstitute of Metal Research, CAS by taking advantageof the carbon deposition process during direct dehydrogenationof ethylbenzene have ingeniously designeda Pd/C composite catalyst. This catalyst in comparisonwith the traditional commercial carbon nanotubesupported Pd catalyst shows a significantly improved performancein terms of its catalytic activity and sinteringresistantability.     

ZPEB Overseas Markets Keep Steady and Efficient Development

In recent years, Zhongyuan Petroleum Exploration Bureau （ZPEB） has made rapid development in overseas petroleum markets through its integrated reorganization. A new international business plattbrm established, aimed at becoming a highly ranked contractor with international petroleum engineering technology. ZPEB has expanded its business scope and scale, regulated the market structure,     

New Era for China-Brazil Relations

China and Brazil celebrated the 40th anniversary of establishing diplomatic relations between the two countries in July this year. Bilateral relations between China and Brazil have entered a new stage, and experts expect the already extensive cooperation between the two countries to deepen and broaden as Chinese President Xi Jinping made a state visit to Brazil in mid-July, which is his first state visit to Brazil since he assumed the office last year. The visit to China＇s largest trade partner in Latin America is at the invitation of Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff.     

Large Scale Ethylene Production Package Technology SuccessfullyDeveloped by CNPC

The CNPC Group has successfully developed a largescaleethylene production package technology with independentintellectual property rights, which has beensuccessfully applied in the 1.2 Mt/a ethylene revamp andexpansion project at the Daqing Petrochemical Complex（DPC）.     

Recent Advancements in Petroleum E & P Equipments in China

The role of equipments in oil and gas exploration and development had never been attached with so much importance as that in shale oil and gas boom in the U.S. With the help of massive hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling techniques, the U.S., the world＇s No. 1 oil importer even started to dream about energy self-sufficiency with its proudly high production of shale oil and gas from several major shale plays in the country. However, what behind this remarkable achievement are powerful multi-stage hydraulic fracturing machinery and smart tools for directional drilling.