过氧化物酶体增殖激素型受体对AngⅡ诱导肥厚心肌细胞的影响

目的 探讨同时激活PPARα、PPARs激活剂对血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)诱导肥大心肌细胞的影响.方法 体外原代培养新生大鼠心肌细胞,分别以不同浓度非诺贝特(PPARα激活剂)和或吡格列酮(PPARγ激活剂)预处理24 h后,加用AngⅡ刺激诱导肥大心肌细胞模型.采用软件分析细胞表面积,以MTT比色法测定心肌细胞活力,用RT-PCR法检测α-MHC和胚胎基因β-MHC mRNA的表达.结果 与对照组相比,非诺贝特、吡格列酮显著逆转了AngⅡ诱导的心肌细胞肥大,抑制AngⅡ引起细胞活力改变,增加α-MHC mRNA表达,降低β-MHC mRNA的表达,α/β-MHC mRNA比值明显增加;相对两药处理组,上述指标与两药合用组无显著差异(P＞0.05).结论 PPARs信号通路激活能有效预防心肌细胞肥大,PPARαγ配体合用未见明显叠加效应.     

非诺贝特和吡格列酮干预对代谢综合征大鼠心肌重构的影响

目的 探讨非诺贝特和吡格列酮对果糖诱导的代谢综合征大鼠心脏重构的影响.方法 用高果糖饮食饲养SD大鼠构建代谢综合征大鼠模型;成模后大鼠继续用高果糖饮食喂养,并分为4组:模型对照组,非诺贝特组,吡格列酮组,非诺贝特加吡格列酮组,分别加用相应药物干预4周.比较干预后组间大鼠心脏肥厚指数及心肌结构上的差异.结果 高果糖饮食可成功诱导具有高血压、高甘油三酯血症、高胰岛素血症等特征的代谢综合征大鼠模型;该大鼠模型心肌肥厚指数较对照组大鼠增加[(3.93±0.26)vs(3.12±0.24)mg/g,P＜0.01)],心肌细胞肥大,结构紊乱.与模型对照组大鼠比较,非诺贝特组、吡格列酮组及非诺贝特加吡格列酮组大鼠心肌肥厚指数均降低[(3.61±0.28)vs(3.93±0.26)mg/g,P＜0.05; (3.53±0.21)vs(3.93±0.26)mg/g,P＜0.01;(3.30±0.18)vs(3.93±0.26)mg/g,P＜0.01],心肌结构有所改善;与非诺贝特组大鼠比较,非诺贝特加吡格列酮组大鼠心肌肥厚指数进一步降低[(3.30±0.18)vs(3.61±0.28)mg/g,P＜0.01],心肌结构明显改善.结论 非诺贝特和吡格列酮干预均可抑制代谢综合征大鼠心肌的病理性重构,合用非诺贝特和吡格列酮,效果更明显.     

PPARα激动剂非诺贝特对高血压大鼠心室重构的影响

目的观察过氧化物酶体增殖物激活型受体α(peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorα,PPARα)激动剂非诺贝特对自发性高血压大鼠心室重构的影响。方法将20只12周龄自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)随机分为对照组(10只)及非诺贝特组(10只)。非诺贝特组大鼠给予非诺贝特60 mg/(kg·d)灌胃12周,给药期间每4周监测血压。12周后,酶法检测血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)含量,放免法检测血浆和心肌血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)水平,并检测大鼠的全心重量(HW)、左室重量(LVM)和左室重量指数(LVMI)。电镜观察心肌细胞超微结构的改变。结果非诺贝特组小鼠尾动脉血压与对照组相比略有降低,但无统计学意义(P0.05)。非诺贝特组与对照组相比血脂水平略有降低,但无统计学差异(P0.05)。与对照组相比,非诺贝特组全心重量(HW)、左室重量(LVM)及左室重量指数(LVMI)均降低(P0.05)。非诺贝特组心肌细胞超微结构改变较对照组减轻。非诺贝特组血浆AngⅡ浓度与对照组比较无显著性差异,但心肌AngⅡ浓度明显降低(P0.05)。结论非诺贝特能改善SHR的心室重构,其降低心肌AngⅡ浓度、保护心肌细胞结构可能为其机制之一。     

PPAR-α/γ激动剂对代谢综合征大鼠模型心室重构中MMP-9表达和TGF-β/Smads通路的影响

目的探讨PPAR-α／γ动剂对代谢综合征（Metabolic syndrome,MS）大鼠模型心室重构中MMP-9表达和TGF-βSmads通路的影响及意义。方法60％果糖饮食喂养雄性sD大鼠构建MS大鼠模型并随机分组：模型对照组（MC组,n=10）、非诺贝特组（FEN组,n=11）、吡恪列酮组（PIO组,n=10）、非诺贝特±匹格列酮组（FEN＋PIO组,n=11）,正常对照组mc组,n=6）。NC组大鼠用普通标准饲料喂养,FEN组和PIO组大鼠分别加用非诺贝特30mg／（kg·d）及吡格列酮3mg／（kg·d）灌胃;FEN＋PIO组大鼠加非诺贝特30mg／（kg·d）和吡格列酮3mg／（kg·d）灌胃,干预4周后RT-PCR方法检测PPAR-edymRNA水平,免疫组化方法检测MMP-9和TGF-β1蛋白表达。结果MC组PPAR-α／γmRNA的结果均低于NC组,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。FEN组PPAR—ccmRNA（0．59±0．03）和PPAR-ymRNA（0．61±0．03）均高于MC组,低于NC组,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;PIO组PPAR-α（0．57±0．04）和PPAR-TmRNA（0．54±0．02）均低于NC组,且低于MC组,具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;FEN±PIO组PPAR-amRNA（0．63±0．02）和PPAR-ymRNA（0．67±0．03）均高于MC组,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;MMP-9和TGF-β1在各组大鼠心肌均有表达。与NC组大鼠比较,MC组、FEN组、PIO组和FEN±PIO组大鼠心肌表达MMP-9和TGF-β1／Smads蛋白明显增强,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;与MC组比较,FEN组、PIO组、FEN±PIO组大鼠心肌表达MMP-9和TGF-β1／Smads蛋白均减弱,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;FEN±PIO组大鼠心肌表达MMP-9OD值（0．43±0．04）低于FEN组和PIO组,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论FEN和PIO均上调了PPAR-α／γmRNA表达、使TGF-β1和MMP-9蛋白明显下降,对心室重构改善有明显的意义,其可能通过TGF-β／smads通路发挥作用。     

PPARγ激动剂对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的 研究过氧化物酶小体增殖剂激活型受体γ(PPARγ)激动剂吡格列酮对大鼠局灶性缺血再灌注脑组织的保护作用.方法 采用线栓法制作大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注模型(MCAO/R),雄性SD大鼠60只随机分为假手术组、生理盐水干预组(NS组)、低剂量吡格列酮干预组(LDP组,10 mg/kg)、高剂量吡格列酮干预组(HDP组,15 mg/kg).再灌注22 h后观察大鼠神经功能评分,采用2,3,5-氯化三苯基四氮唑(TTC)染色法测定脑梗死体积,常规HE染色观察脑组织病理变化.结果 与NS组比较,吡格列酮干预组(LDP组和HDP组)大鼠的神经功能评分明显降低、脑梗死体积缩小(P均＜0.05),而且其脑组织神经细胞受损的程度下降,尤其以HDP组更为显著.结论 PPARγ激动剂吡格列酮对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤有保护作用,以大剂量组为优.     

吡格列酮对缺氧复氧心肌细胞损伤的保护作用及对蛋白激酶C表达的影响

目的观察吡格列酮对缺氧复氧后新生大鼠心肌细胞的保护作用及对蛋白激酶C(PKC)表达的影响。方法原代培养新生SD大鼠心肌细胞,予吡格列酮、GW9662等预处理24 h后建立缺氧复氧模型。Hoechst33258染色法检测心肌细胞凋亡,免疫印迹方法检测PKC表达。结果缺氧复氧后心肌细胞早期凋亡率升高(由溶媒对照组的(0.20±0.03)%增加至(12.22±1.45)%,P<0.05);吡格列酮减少心肌细胞凋亡(8.32±0.89)%,而吡格列酮抗心肌细胞凋亡的作用可以被GW9662阻断(12.46±1.62)%,P<0.05;与单纯缺氧复氧组相比,吡格列酮不增加PKC(1.033±0.026,P>0.05)表达。结论吡格列酮预处理减轻心肌细胞缺氧复氧后损伤,这种作用部分通过激活PPARγ途径实现;吡格列酮预处理不增加PKC表达。     

吡格列酮对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤中炎症反应及细胞凋亡的影响

目的探讨吡格列酮对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤中炎症反应和细胞凋亡的影响及其机制。方法将80只SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、吡格列酮组、GW9662组及DMSO组,每组各16只,术前5 d分别给予相应处理。采取体内结扎左前降支的方法建立心肌缺血再灌注损伤模型,予ELISA法检测大鼠心肌组织中NF-κB p65及IFN-γ含量水平,HE染色观察左心室前壁细胞病理形态学改变,并采用原位末端标记法检测心肌细胞凋亡数。结果与假手术组相比,其余四组大鼠心肌组织中NF-κB p65及IFN-γ含量水平、心肌细胞凋亡数均显著升高（P〈0.05）;与模型组比较,吡格列酮组大鼠心肌组织中NF-κB p65及IFN-γ含量水平,心肌细胞凋亡数明显降低（P〈0.05）;模型组与吡格列酮组中NF-κB p65及IFN-γ含量水平均呈显著正相关（P〈0.001）。结论吡格列酮在心肌缺血再灌注损伤中可能通过负性调节NF-κB p65含量水平进而减少IFN-γ的释放,抑制心肌细胞的凋亡,从而发挥相应的心肌保护作用。     

PPARγ激动剂对单核细胞炎症反应的调控作用

目的探讨过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ(PPARγ)激动剂对单核细胞炎症反应的影响。方法体外培养THP-1人单核细胞,将细胞分为对照组、实验组、吡格列酮组和GW9662组。对照组仅加入细胞培养液;实验组用胰腺炎相关性腹水(PAAF)刺激细胞;吡格列酮组在PAAF作用前加入终浓度为20μmol/L的PPARγ激动剂吡格列酮进行干预;GW9662组:在吡格列酮干预前30 min,先行加入PPARγ拮抗剂GW9662,最后加入PAAF。分组处理6 h后收集各组细胞,采用Real-Time PCR技术检测促炎症细胞因子肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)和白介素6(IL-6)mRNA的表达;分别采用RT-PCR和Western blotting法检测PPARγmRNA和蛋白的表达。结果 PAAF刺激后,与对照组比较,实验组、吡格列酮组和GW9662组细胞TNF-α和IL-6 mRNA的相对表达量明显升高,PPARγmRNA的相对表达量明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);与实验组比较,吡格列酮组TNF-α和IL-6 mRNA的相对表达量明显降低,PPARγmRNA的相对表达量明显升高,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);与吡格列酮组比较,GW9662组TNF-α和IL-6 mRNA的相对表达量均明显升高,PPARγmRNA的相对表达量明显降低,差异也有统计学意义(P0.05)。Western blotting检测结果显示:各组PPARγ的蛋白表达与mRNA表达的变化趋势相似,但吡格列酮组与对照组、GW9662组与吡格列酮组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 PPARγ激动剂可通过上调PPARγ表达,减少PPAF刺激所致的促炎症细胞因子的产生,从而抑制单核细胞的炎症反应。     

吡格列酮对缺氧/复氧后新生大鼠心肌细胞线粒体膜电位的影响

目的 观察过氧化物酶体增殖物激活型受体γ(PPARγ)受体激动剂吡格列酮对缺氧/复氧后的大鼠心肌细胞线粒体膜电位的影响,探讨其可能的机制.方法 原代培养的新生SD大鼠心肌细胞,经DMSO溶媒、不同浓度吡格列酮单独或联合PPARγ受体抑制剂GW9662及蛋白激酶C(protein kinase C,PKC)抑制剂Ch...     

Regulation of inflammatory response in monocytes by PPARγ agonist

目的 探讨过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ( PPARγ)激动剂对单核细胞炎症反应的影响.方法 体外培养THP-1人单核细胞,将细胞分为对照组、实验组、吡格列酮组和GW9662组.对照组仅加入细胞培养液;实验组用胰腺炎相关性腹水(PAAF)刺激细胞;吡格列酮组在PAAF作用前加入终浓度为20μmol/L的PPARγ激动剂吡格列酮进行干预;GW9662组:在吡格列酮干预前30 min,先行加入PPARγ拮抗剂GW9662,最后加入PAAF.分组处理6h后收集各组细胞,采用Real-Time PCR技术检测促炎症细胞因子肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)和白介素6(IL-6)mRNA的表达;分别采用RT-PCR和Western blotting法检测PPARγ mRNA和蛋白的表达.结果 PAAF刺激后,与对照组比较,实验组、吡格列酮组和GW9662组细胞TNF-α和IL-6 mRNA的相对表达量明显升高,PPARγ mRNA的相对表达量明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);与实验组比较,吡格列酮组TNF-α和IL-6 mRNA的相对表达量明显降低,PPARγ mRNA的相对表达量明显升高,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);与吡格列酮组比较,GW9662组TNF-α和IL-6 mRNA的相对表达量均明显升高,PPARγ mRNA的相对表达量明显降低,差异也有统计学意义(P＜0.05).Western blotting检测结果显示:各组PPARγ的蛋白表达与mRNA表达的变化趋势相似,但吡格列酮组与对照组、GW9662组与吡格列酮组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 PPARγ激动剂可通过上调PPARγ表达,减少PPAF刺激所致的促炎症细胞因子的产生,从而抑制单核细胞的炎症反应.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.