三电平开关功率放大器用的相移SPWM技术

相移SPWM技术是多重化和正弦波脉宽调制(SPWM)技术的有机结合。利用数学推导分析了相移SPWM技术的原理,在此基础上设计了一种具有多重化结构的三电平开关功率放大器,详细介绍了主电路结构和控制电路的组成,并对电路的工作原理作了简要分析,最后对二重化电路拓扑进行了仿真和实验,验证了该技术用于三电平开关功率放大器中的可行性和实用性。理论分析证明,相移SPWM技术具有增大功率放大器容量,有效减少谐波,提高等效开关频率,拓展传输带宽等优点。仿真和实验结果表明,二重化电路与单逆变单元电路相比,可明显减小放大器的失真度,改善输出波形;说明相移SPWM技术值得在开关功率放大器的设计中推广应用。     

一种新型并联三电平注入式电流型变换器拓扑

提出了一种三相并联型自换相三电平注入式电流型交直流变换器拓扑结构,给出了开关控制方案和进行了工作原理分析,该拓扑结构的电路完全满足多电平谐波注入原理的要求.基于PSCAD/EMTDC软件环境进行了仿真,验证了文中提出拓扑和控制方案的可行性.新型三电平注入式电流型变换器结构方便拓展到多电平,与现有的并联多电平电流型变换器拓扑结构相比,处于开通状态的注入电路开关平均分配直流输出电流,降低了对注入支路开关器件的电流容量的要求和开关通断时的电流变化率,为主桥开关提供了可靠的零电流开关条件,省去了设计制造大容量多抽头电抗器的不便.     

软开关技术在磁悬浮轴承功率放大器中的应用

传统的磁悬浮轴承功率放大器在硬开关工作状态时存在开关损耗和纹波干扰严重等问题,为有效克服这些缺点,采用了一种新的用于磁悬浮轴承的谐振直流环节三电平功率放大器电路。基于三电平控制方法,在传统的开关功率放大器的直流环节增加辅助谐振电路,实现了电路中所有的开关器件均在零电压开关(ZVS)或零电流开关(ZCS)的条件下工作。文中详细分析了软开关三电平功率放大器各个工作模态的工作原理,给出了相应的电路工作方程。对提出的软开关三电平功率放大器进行仿真与样机试验研究,结果表明软开关三电平功率放大器同样具有输出电流纹波小的优点,开关损耗和纹波电流干扰有效减小,验证了电路是可行、有效的。     

单相三电平PFC拓扑构成方案及调制方法EI北大核心CSCD

传统单相三电平整流器的开关器件较多;两电平整流器开关器件相对少,但其交流侧输入滤波电感体积大,开关频率相对较高导致功率器件损耗增大,工作效率有所降低。针对上述问题,文中提出级联、电平等效、镜像、去冗余等三电平电路拓扑方案,并以两电平伪图腾柱式功率因数校正电路(pseudo totem-pole power factor correction,PTP-PFC)为例进行上述拓扑方案的推导过程分析,提出一类三电平PTP-PFC电路。首先,对所提新型单相三电平PTP-PFC变换器进行工作原理分析,并提出一种适合此类拓扑的调制方法;其次,对所提拓扑进行功率器件数量、电压应力、损耗等方面分析和对比,总结出各电路特性;最后,设计输出电压400V、功率1kW的3种三电平PTP-PFC实验样机,实验结果证明级联、电平等效、镜像、去冗余等三电平电路拓扑方案的有效性,同时验证所提三电平PTP-PFC电路理论分析的正确性和工程应用的可行性。     

一种开关电容和二极管钳位组合的多电平拓扑

传统的二极管钳位型多电平拓扑存在直流母线电容电压不平衡的问题。提出一种开关电容和二极管钳位组合式的多电平拓扑,介绍了其结构组成和工作原理。该拓扑将开关电容电路和二极管钳位电路有机地结合起来,充分利用两部分电路的工作特点,不但具有平衡直流母线电容电压的功能,而且可以用多种升压方式实现升压输出,同时使用的元器件数量较少。最后通过一个五电平电路的仿真和实验验证了本拓扑的有效性。     

基于相移PWM调制的多电平D类功率放大器谐波分析

介绍了一种新颖的基于级联型多电平拓扑结构的开关型功率放大器,采用单极倍频相移PWM技术,其开关频率为单个单元开关频率的2N倍,总的输出电压波纹小.分析了级联型多电平技术的特点,重点研究了采用单极倍频相移PWM技术的多电平输出信号的谐波,最后研制了一台级联型多电平的D类功率放大器.研究结果证明了所研究的级联型多电平D类功率放大器输出电压谐波的正确性,表明该放大器具有良好的跟踪性和稳定性.     

一种改进的二极管钳位型多电平变换器拓扑

多电平电路在高压大功率领域的拓展受到其复杂电路拓扑的制约,因此近年来不断有新型多电平电路结构被提出。本文在传统多电平逆变器拓扑结构的基础上,提出了一种新型单相七电平电压源逆变器拓扑。新型电路拓扑是在传统的单相全桥五电平钳位二极管电路基础上,增加了两个开关器件,利用10个开关器件以及4个钳位二极管产生了7种不同的电平输出。详细分析了该逆变器的拓扑结构,给出了PWM控制策略。最后通过仿真实验验证了这种拓扑的可行性。该逆变器对传统钳位二极管逆变器在结构上做出了优化。     

基于预测控制技术的新型多电平单相Boost功率因数校正开关变流器

重点研究了有源功率因数校正开关变流器的拓扑和DPS系统的数字控制.分析和研究了三电平Boost PFC变流器主电路工作特征,以及在解决功率器件承受高电压应力、系统的整体损耗、磁性器件的选择等方面所具有的优势;提出了采用改进的预测控制算法控制的三电平BoostPFC变换器方案.最后,给出了电路分析、设计,以及实验分析结果.     

新型单相五电平电压源逆变器

为了改善传统多电平逆变器电路结构复杂的问题,利用较少的功率器件实现尽可能多的电平输出,提出一种新型单相五电平电压源逆变器。新型电路扑结是在传统的单相H桥型电压源逆变器的基础上,增加了两个单向功率开关,利用6个功率开关在交流侧就可以产生5个不同的电平输出。在分析电路拓扑工作原理和6种工作模式的基础上,给出了简单的PWM控制策略。实验结果验证了电路拓扑及其控制方法的有效性。     

级联型多电平D类功率放大器输出滤波器设计

介绍了一种新颖的基于级联型多电平拓扑结构的开关式D类功率放大器,它采用相移SPWM技术,其开关频率是单个单元开关频率的2N倍,系统总的输出电压纹波较小,仅需要一个较小的滤波器即可抑制开关谐波。在分析多电平SPWM输出信号谐波的基础上,着重从系统的传递函数、输出阻抗、等效电路等方面研究了多电平D类功率放大器输出滤波器的设计方法。仿真和试验结果表明,采用该方法设计的输出滤波器简便有效,输出系统带宽较宽,具有较好的动态特性。     

Control of cascaded transformer multilevel inverter based DSTATCOM

In this paper, the design of a distribution static compensator (DSTATCOM) based on cascaded transformer multilevel inverter is proposed. The topology requires controlling only a common dc storage capacitor. Two-level ramp-comparison current control method is extended for the multilevel inverter using phase-shifted multi-carrier PWM. The method provides equal switching stress and power handling for all the cascaded units. The net switching frequency increases while the ripple magnitude reduces using multilevel topology. These cause the feedforward gain to increase leading to a higher bandwidth of the control loop. An expression of the feedforward gain is derived for fixed switching frequency modulation of the inverter. It is shown that the use of proportional plus resonant controller with proposed multilevel modulation improves the tracking characteristics at fundamental frequency. A seven-level inverter based DSTATCOM is proposed for the application to the three-phase medium voltage distribution system and the results are shown through the PSCAD/EMTDC simulation. The proposed modulation and control scheme is validated through the experimental results that are obtained using the laboratory model of a single-phase, five-level inverter based DSTATCOM.     

混合级联型多电平逆变器的研究

提出了一种混合级联型多电平逆变器拓扑结构,给出了逆变器的控制方案。仿真结果表明,逆变器能够以较低的开关频率输出接近于正弦波的电压且只有很低的共模电压。     

A Cascaded Multi-level Inverter Topology with Improved Modulation Scheme

This article proposes a single-phase, cascaded multilevel inverter topology. Each of the cascaded unit cells is made up of a main inverting H-bridge leg and a level-clamping half-bridge circuit. The single-carrier, multilevel pulse-width modulation scheme is employed to generate gating signals fort he power switches. The modulation scheme is hybridized to enable the output voltage of the proposed inverter configuration, inherit the features of switching-loss reduction from fundamental pulse-width modulation, and good harmonic performance from multiple sinusoidal pulse-width modulation. A sequential switching scheme is embedded with the already employed hybrid modulation to overcome unequal switching losses among the power devices. A simple base pulse-width modulation circulation scheme is also introduced in this work to get resultant sequential switching hybrid pulse-width modulation circulation that balances power dissipation among the power modules. The proposed inverter configuration was subjected to a resistor-inductor load, and the respective numbers of output voltage level were synthesized. Fast Fourier transform (FFT) analyses of the output voltage waveforms were carried out. Analysis of the conduction power losses in the power semiconductor switches of the proposed inverter topology is given. Simulations and experiments are carried out on a 3.07-kW rated prototype of the proposed inverter for a resistor-inductor load.     

采用双环控制的多电平D类功率放大器

介绍了一种新颖的基于级联型多电平拓扑结构的开关式功率放大器,采用相移PWM技术,其开关频率是单个单元开关频率的2N倍,通过电压电流双闭环控制保证输出信号的跟随品质,本文着重研究了双闭环控制的设计方法.试验结果表明,采用电流电压双闭环控制的D类功率放大器,系统带宽较宽,具有较好的瞬时响应和输出品质.     

基于相移级联多电平逆变器的STATCOM研究

针对目前静态同步补偿器(STATCOM)存在的问题,提出了将级联多电平逆变器作为STATCOM的主拓扑,运用相移SPWM(PSSPWM)调制的解决方案,详细阐述了其工作原理和控制方法。MATLAB的仿真结果表明,它既能省去庞大笨重的变压器,减小功耗;还可以成倍提高等效载波频率,降低输出谐波含量,使级联逆变器拓扑成为STATCOM的首选。     

一种非对称结构新型多电平逆变器及其控制策略

将电力电子基本单元这一概念加以推广,提出了一种新型非对称全桥电路拓扑;详细分析了这种多电平逆变器(Multi-level Inverter,简称MLI)的工作原理和换流模式.根据新型拓扑的特点,提出了具有针对性的SHEPWM控制算法;给出了预期的波形.进一步对单相和三相逆变电路的系统进行了仿真;验证了特定谐波消除的正确性,并证明了单相m电平逆变器组合成三相后,线电压总共有2m-1个电平这一理论.     

基于滑模变结构控制的多电平高效D类功率放大器

介绍了一种新颖的基于级联型多电平拓扑结构的开关型功率放大器，采用相移PWM技术，其开关频率是单个单元开关频率的2N倍，总的输出电压波纹很小，只需要一个较小的滤波器来抑制开关谐波。文中对多电平PWM输出信号的谐波进行分析，重点研究采用滑模电流电压双闭环控制的设计要点并推导其参数，之后研制一台2 kW级联型多电平滑模控制的电流电压双闭环D类功率放大器。试验研究结果表明：采用滑模电流电压双闭环控制的级联型多电平D类功率放大器，明显提高了系统带宽，使系统不仅对阻性负载而且对桥式整流负载都具有良好的快速性和跟踪性能，很好的瞬时响应和稳定性，较高的效率和低的输出信号谐波总畸变率值。     

单相级联多电平光伏并网逆变器控制策略综述

级联多电平逆变器不仅能够实现各级光伏阵列的最大功率点跟踪,提高光伏利用率,而且具有系统开关损耗小、能量变换效率高以及并网电流谐波含量低等优势,在大规模光伏并网系统研究和工程应用领域备受青睐。综述了近年来级联多电平光伏并网逆变器控制策略的研究成果,依据各个级联单元的调制比配置方式不同,将变换器的功率平衡控制策略分成了三类,在分析各类控制原理和特点基础上,推导出了系统功率平衡控制策略的约束条件公式,进而指出了级联多电平光伏并网逆变器拓扑结构和控制策略的改进方法。     

Novel current‐source multilevel inverter driven by single gate drive power supply

This paper proposes a novel current‐source multilevel inverter, which is based on a current‐source half‐bridge topology. Multilevel inverters are effective for reducing harmonic distortion in the output voltage and the output current. However, the multilevel inverters require many gate drive power supplies to drive switching devices. The gate drive circuits using a bootstrap circuit and a pulse transformer can reduce the number of the gate drive power supplies, but the pulse width of the output PWM waveform is limited. Furthermore, high‐speed power switching devices are indispensable to create a high‐frequency power converter, but various problems, such as high‐frequency noise, arise due to the high dv/dt rate, especially in high‐side switching devices. The proposed current‐source multilevel inverter is composed of a common emitter topology for all switching devices. Therefore, it is possible to operate it with a single power supply for the gate drive circuit, which allows stabilizing the potential level of all the drive circuits. In this paper, the effectiveness of the proposed circuit is verified through experimental results. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 166(2): 88–95, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20475     

Fault-tolerant switched capacitor–based boost multilevel inverter

This paper proposes a fault-tolerant switched capacitor (SC)–based boost multilevel inverter. The proposed inverter is able to convert a low-level dc voltage into a desired ac output voltage in single-stage power conversion. It can accomplish a high voltage gain by using multiple SC cells arrangement at reduced voltage stresses on the switching devices and passive circuit elements in the boost network. The principle of operation and steady-state analysis of the proposed topology are presented to formulate the mathematical relationship between input dc and output ac voltage. In addition to that, the proposed inverter can also provide reliable electrical power supply at prescribed ac output voltage in the event of open-circuit failure of power switches. The fault tolerability is realized by reconfiguring the pulse width modulation (PWM) control scheme, whereas the reduction in output voltage is compensated by the boosting characteristic of the inverter. The effectiveness of the proposed inverter has been compared with other impedance source multilevel inverters in terms of voltage gain, boosting capability, and voltage stresses. A laboratory prototype of the proposed inverter is developed for experimentation, and its operation is validated by simulation and experimental results.