I半π正则环

Let R be a ring and I an ideal of R.A ring R is called I-semi-π-regular if R/I isπ-regular and idempotents of R can be strongly lifted modulo I.Charac- terizations of I-semi-π-regular rings are given and relations between semi-π-regular rings and semiregular rings are explored.     

广义半$\pi$-正则环

In this paper, the concept of right generalized semi-π-regular rings is defined. We prove that these rings are non-trival generalizations of both right GP-injective rings and semi- π-regular rings. Some properties of these rings are studied and some results about generalized semiregular rings and GP-injective rings are extended.     

Pseudop olarity of Generalized Matrix Rings over a Lo cal Ring

Pseudopolar rings are closely related to strongly π-regular rings, uniquely strongly clean rings and semiregular rings. In this paper, we investigate pseudopolarity of generalized matrix rings K s(R) over a local ring R. We determine the conditions under which elements of K s(R) are pseudopolar. Assume that R is a local ring. It is shown that A ∈ K s(R) is pseudopolar if and only if A is invertible or A2∈ J(K s(R)) or A is similar to a diagonal matrix[u 00 j], where l u-r j and l j-r u are injective and u ∈ U(R) and j ∈ J(R). Furthermore, several equivalent conditions for K s(R)over a local ring R to be pseudopolar are obtained.     

弱$r$-Clean环

As generalization of r-clean rings and weakly clean rings, we define a ring R is weakly r-clean if for any a∈R there exist an idempotent e and a regular element r such that a = r + e or a = r-e. Some properties and examples of weakly r-clean rings are given. Furthermore, we prove the weakly clean rings and weakly r-clean rings are equivalent for abelian rings.     

SUPERFLUOUS AND S-ESSENTIAL HOMOMORPHISMS

Let R be a ring and S a class of R-modules. S-superfluous epimorphisms and S-essential monomorphisms are introduced and studied in this article. As applications, some new characterizations of von Neumann regular rings and perfect rings are given. Finally, these notions are also used to study minimal homomorphisms.     

关于UR-环

A ring is said to be UR if every element can be written as the sum of a unit and a regular element. These rings are shown to be a unifying generalization of regular rings, clean rings and （S, 2）-ring~. Some relations of these rings are studied and several properties of clean rings and （S, 2）-rings are extended. PAng extensions of UR-rings are also investigated.     

On Weakly Semicommutative Rings

A ring R is said to be weakly semicommutative if for any a,b∈R, ab=0 implies aRb（？）Nil（R）,where Nil（R） is the set of all nilpotent elements in R. In this note,we clarify the relationship between weakly semicommutative rings and NI-rings by proving that the notion of a weakly semicommutative ring is a proper generalization of NI-rings.We say that a ring R is weakly 2-primal if the set of nilpotent elements in R coincides with its Levitzki radical,and prove that if R is a weakly 2-primal ring which satisfiesα-condition for an endomorphismαof R（that is,ab=0（？）aα（b）=0 where a,b∈R） then the skew polynomial ring R[x;α] is a weakly 2-primal ring,and that if R is a ring and I is an ideal of R such that I and R/I are both weakly semicommutative then R is weakly semicommutative. Those extend the main results of Liang et al.2007（Taiwanese J.Math.,11（5）（2007）, 1359-1368） considerably.Moreover,several new results about weakly semicommutative rings and NI-rings are included.     

On π-regularity of General Rings

A general ring means an associative ring with or without identity.An idempotent e in a general ring I is called left （right） semicentral if for every x ∈ I,xe=exe （ex=exe）.And I is called semiabelian if every idempotent in I is left or right semicentral.It is proved that a semiabelian general ring I is π-regular if and only if the set N （I） of nilpotent elements in I is an ideal of I and I /N （I） is regular.It follows that if I is a semiabelian general ring and K is an ideal of I,then I is π-regular if and only if both K and I /K are π-regular.Based on this we prove that every semiabelian GVNL-ring is an SGVNL-ring.These generalize several known results on the relevant subject.Furthermore we give a characterization of a semiabelian GVNL-ring.     

具有对合运算的$n$-clean环

A *-ring is called *-clean if every element of the ring can be written as the sum of a projection and a unit. For an integer n ≥ 1, we call a *-ring R n-*-clean if for any a ∈ R,a = p + u1 + ··· + unwhere p is a projection and ui are units for all i. Basic properties of n-*-clean rings are considered, and a number of illustrative examples of 2-*-clean rings which are not *-clean are provided. In addition, extension properties of n-*-clean rings are discussed.     

Gorenstein flatness and injectivity over Gorenstein rings

Let R be a Gorenstein ring.We prove that if I is an ideal of R such that R/I is a semi-simple ring,then the Gorenstein flat dimension of R/I as a right R-module and the Gorenstein injective dimension of R/I as a left R-module are identical.In addition,we prove that if R→S is a homomorphism of rings and SE is an injective cogenerator for the category of left S-modules,then the Gorenstein flat dimension of S as a right R-module and the Gorenstein injective dimension of E as a left R-module are identical.We also give some applications of these results.     

T正则环与TV环

In this paper, we generalize flat modules, regular rings and V- rings to the situation of a hereditary torsion theory, that a ring R is regular if and only if R is a left nonsingular ring and for every essential left ideal o of R, and for eve ry element a∈o there exists a element a′∈o , such that a= aa′. (theorem 3.3).     

Generalized PP and Zip Subrings of Matrix Rings

Let R be an abelian ring. We consider a special subring An, relative to α2,…, αn∈ REnd（R）, of the matrix ring Mn（R） over a ring R. It is shown that the ring An is a generalized right PP-ring （right zip ring） if and only if the ring R is a generalized right PP-ring （right zip ring）. Our results yield more examples of generalized right PP-rings and right ziu rings.     

Rings Whose Modules Have Grade Zero

In this paper, we prove that R is a two-sided Artinian ring and J is a right annihilator ideal if and only if (i) for any nonzero right module, there is a nonzero linear map from it to a projective module; (ii) every submodule of RR is not a radical module for some right coherent rings. We call a ring a right X ring if Homa(M, R) = 0 for any right module M implies that M = 0. We can prove some left Goldie and right X rings are right Artinian rings. Moreover we characterize semisimple rings by using X rings. A famous Faith‘s conjecture is whether a semipimary PF ring is a QF ring. Similarly we study the relationship between X rings and QF and get many interesting results.     

Ideal-comparability over Regular Rings

We introduce the concept of ideal-comparability condition for regular rings. Let I be an ideal of a regular ring R. If R satisfies the I-comparability condition, then R is one-sided unit-regular if and only if so is R/I. Also, we show that a regular ring R satisfies the general comparability if and only if the following hold： （1） R/I satisfies the general comparability; （2） R satisfies the general I-comparability condition; （3） The natural map B（R） → B（R/I） is surjective.     

J-clean and Strongly J-clean Rings

Let R be a ring and J(R) the Jacobson radical. An element a of R is called(strongly) J-clean if there is an idempotent e ∈ R and w ∈ J(R) such that a = e + w(and ew = we). The ring R is called a(strongly) J-clean ring provided that every one of its elements is(strongly) J-clean. We discuss, in the present paper,some properties of J-clean rings and strongly J-clean rings. Moreover, we investigate J-cleanness and strongly J-cleanness of generalized matrix rings. Some known results are also extended.     

关于$\pi$-半交换环

A ring R is said to be π-semicommutative if a, b ∈ R satisfy ab = 0 then there exists a positive integer n such that anRbn= 0. We study the properties of π-semicommutative rings and the relationship between such rings and other related rings. In particular, we answer a question on left GWZI rings negatively.     

非交换环的拟零因子图

In this paper, a new class of rings, called FIC rings, is introduced for studying quasi-zero-divisor graphs of rings. Let R be a ring. The quasi-zero-divisor graph of R, denoted by Γ_*(R), is a directed graph defined on its nonzero quasi-zero-divisors, where there is an arc from a vertex x to another vertex y if and only if x Ry = 0. We show that the following three conditions on an FIC ring R are equivalent:(1) χ(R) is finite;(2) ω(R) is finite;(3)Nil_*R is finite where Nil_*R equals the finite intersection of prime ideals. Furthermore, we also completely determine the connectedness, the diameter and the girth of Γ_*(R).     

Standardness and Standard Automorphisms of Chevalley Groups, I: the Case of Rank at Least Two

The author studies the linkage between the standardness and the standard automorphisms of Chevalley groups over rings.It is proved that if H is any standard subgroup of G(R),then each of its automorphisms can be extended to an automorphism of G(R,I),restricted to an automorphism of E(R,I),and an automorphism of E(R,I) can be extended to one of G(R,I).The case of Chevalley groups of rank at least two is treated in this paper.Further results about the case of Chevalley groups of rank one,the case of non-commutative ground ring and some others exceptions will appear elsewhere.     

半交换环的一个推广研究

In this paper, a generalization of the class of semicommutative rings is investigated.A ring R is called left GWZI if for any a ∈ R, l(a) is a GW-ideal of R. We prove that a ring R is left GWZI if and only if S3(R) is left GWZI if and only if Vn(R) is left GWZI for any n ≥ 2.     

关于斜McCoy环

For a ring endomorphism α,we introduce α-skew McCoy rings which are generalizations of α-rigid rings and McCoy rings,and investigate their properties.We show that if α t = I R for some positive integer t and R is an α-skew McCoy ring,then the skew polynomial ring R[x;α] is α-skew McCoy.We also prove that if α（1） = 1 and R is α-rigid,then R[x;α]/ x 2 is αˉ-skew McCoy.