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本文基于中国新车评估规程,对高速车辆正面相撞和高速测试车辆与静态车辆侧面相撞这两种工况进行了碰撞数值模拟,采用HYPERMESH进行建模和LS-DYNA进行仿真分析计算.分析结果表明,在正面碰撞中,前保险杠与阻挡壁接触发生弯曲和变形,随着碰撞时间的持续,发动机的副车架弯曲,导致乘客舱的侵入量明显增加.侧面碰撞中,B柱和测试车辆的蜂窝结构发生严重变形,发动机舱结构的褶皱吸收大量的冲击能量.通过改进车辆结构,A柱的侵入量从80 mm减小到40 mm,脚部空间的侵入量从210 mm减少到150 mm.侧面碰撞时B柱的窗口边缘处的侵入量与下部的侵入量也均满足安全要求. 相似文献
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考虑车辆高速和低速耐撞性的多目标优化设计 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
<正>面高速耐撞性设计,需确保车内乘员的人身安全,使车内乘员的人身伤害降到最低;正面低速耐撞性设计,要求尽量减少车辆在碰撞中的损伤,使车辆具有良好的碰撞损伤修复经济性。本文根据上述特点,将车辆的正面高速耐撞性与正面低速耐撞性相结合,并且考虑车身部件的轻量化,提出了一种优化设计方法。该方法将保险杠、吸能盒内外板以及前纵梁内外板五个部件厚度作为优化设计变量,在正面低速碰撞中,以前纵梁吸收的碰撞总能量作为其是否发生较大变形的依据,利用代理模型和遗传算法进行了优化计算。最后,将该方法应用在某一车型的耐撞性设计中。 相似文献
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提出了一种类似泡沫填充结构的轻质高吸能内部加筋薄壁梁的截面型式(加筋薄壁梁),采用数值仿真技术,以初始冲击力峰值、总吸能、比吸能为指标分析了该截面型式梁的抗弯性能.与同等质量的空心方形梁和泡沫铝填充梁进行比较,发现加筋薄壁梁的吸能性能(或比吸能)显著提高.同时初始冲击力峰值也有大幅下降,说明这种加筋薄壁梁是新型保险杠的良好截面型式. 相似文献
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针对柔性多体系统碰撞问题的特点, 提出了柔性多体系统碰撞问题的多变量方法. 在未碰撞阶段和分离后的阶段, 多变量方法考虑了物体大范围运动与变形的耦合.在碰撞阶段, 考虑非碰撞区域的变形, 对非碰撞区域用浮动参考系方法求解, 对发生碰撞的局部区域用非线性有限元方法求解. 非碰撞区域采用浮动基位形坐标和柔性体相对浮动基的变形模态坐标描述, 大大减缩了变量的维数,提高了计算效率. 碰撞局部区域采用非线性有限元节点坐标描述, 可以得到碰撞局部区域高精度的应力、应变响应, 而且可以反映碰撞局部区域的大变形、塑性等非线性响应. 该方法既能体现碰撞对系统大范围运动和长期动力学仿真的影响, 又能精确反映出碰撞发生的微小时间段内物体碰撞局部区域的应力、应变响应, 表现出碰撞过程中物体接触区域的演化历程.介绍了两杆正碰撞与铅垂面内双摆撞击自由圆盘的算例, 设计了两柔性杆正碰撞实验,多变量方法的数值仿真结果与实验测量结果很好地吻合. 相似文献
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在概念设计阶段,车身碰撞安全性能评价是一个难点问题,需要详细的结构模型,本文基于塑性铰理论提出采用梁单元简化模型对框架车身进行概念设计阶段的耐撞性评估和优化设计方法。首先,介绍了关于箱型截面薄壁梁弯曲特性研究的理论模型与计算过程,接着赋予梁单元塑性铰的特性,模拟薄壁梁变形,再对框架车身进行了碰撞仿真。将仿真结果与详细模型对比,以分析简化模型的精度及可靠性。最后,以此为基础对框架车身进行耐撞性优化。结果表明,该简化模型易于创建,且有较高的精度,可用于概念设计阶段梁结构的设计工作。 相似文献
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油库发生火灾时,临近的油罐内汽油受热形成油蒸汽从呼吸阀泄出,泄漏的油蒸汽与空气混合易点燃,易引起燃烧爆炸事故。本文中以容积为5 000 m^3(22 m×13 m)的汽油罐泄漏油蒸汽为研究对象,以数值模拟为研究方法,研究了汽油蒸汽泄漏及爆炸规律。研究发现:在距地面高1 m的平面上,当无风且呼吸阀泄漏油蒸汽速率为0.25 m/s时,距该罐中心50 m以外就可视作安全区域;当呼吸阀泄漏的油蒸汽速率为0.25 m/s时,风速达到5.0 m/s及以上,不易积聚成爆炸油蒸汽;当无风时,呼吸阀泄漏油蒸汽的速率增大1个量级,油蒸汽积聚达到爆炸下限1/2所需时间缩短2个量级;当风速为3.0 m/s、呼吸阀泄漏油蒸汽速率为0.25 m/s、泄漏时间为200 s、着火点距罐壁1 m时,距点火源距离增大1个量级,超压峰值下降1~2个量级。 相似文献
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小波分析用于陀螺仪漂移测试信号分析的研究 总被引:10,自引:2,他引:10
为建立陀螺仪漂移特性模型,需对其进行测试。由测试得到的数据是含有噪声的,且一般是非平稳的,用小波分析测试数据是一种很有效的方法。在简述小波分析中的多分辨分析理论的基础上,用其对某型陀螺仪的实测数据进行了分析-预处理,其结果证实了所研究方法的有效性。 相似文献
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The subharmonic acoustic radiation of a tone excited subsonic jet shear-layer has been investigated experimentally. Two jet velocities and were studied. For , the natural boundary-layer at the nozzle exit is laminar. When the perturbation is applied, the fluctuations of the first and the second subharmonics of the excitation frequency are detected in the shear-layer. In addition, the first subharmonic near pressure field along the spreading jet is constituted of two strong maxima of sinusoidal shape. The far-field directivity pattern displays two lobes separated by an extinction angle at around 85° from the jet axis. These observations follow the results of Bridges about the vortex pairing noise. On the other hand, for , the initial boundary-layer is transitional and only the first subharmonic is observed in the presence of the excitation. The near pressure field is of Gaussian shape in the jet periphery and the acoustic far-field is superdirective as observed by Laufer and Yen. The state of the initial shear-layer seems to be the key feature to distinguish these two different radiation patterns. To cite this article: V. Fleury et al., C. R. Mecanique 333 (2005). 相似文献
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Eric Borgqvist Tommy Lindström Johan Tryding Mathias Wallin Matti Ristinmaa 《International Journal of Solids and Structures》2014
A distortional hardening elasto-plastic model at finite strains suitable for modeling of orthotropic materials is presented. As a prototype material, paperboard is considered. An in-plane model is established. The model developed is motivated from non-proportional loading tests on paperboard where the paperboard is pre-strained in one direction and then loaded in the perpendicular direction. A softening effect is revealed in the pre-strained samples. The observed experimental findings cannot be accurately predicted by current models for paperboard. To be able to model the softening effects, a yield surface based on multiple hardening variables is introduced. It is shown that the model parameters can be obtained from simple uniaxial experiments. The model is implemented in a finite element framework which is used to illustrate the behavior of the model at some specific loading situations and is compared with strain fields obtained from Digital Image Correlation experiments. 相似文献
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采用计算流体力学-离散单元法(CFD-DEM)耦合方法,对高炉风口回旋区进行了数值模拟研究。首先通过与实验结果对比,验证了CFD-DEM模型的正确性;然后考察了不同气速对风口回旋区形状和传热特性及颗粒接触的影响。数值模拟结果表明:风口回旋区的大小和形状均受气速影响较大,在较大进气速度下,颗粒受到的曳力大于颗粒间的摩擦阻力并破坏颗粒间的桥力,形成较大尺寸的回旋区;且颗粒之间接触力较小,形成较大的空隙结构,更有利于热气体向周围扩散以强化传热。目前考察的三种气速结果表明:当气速为11m/s时,热量向下方传递速度最快;当气速为13m/s时,热量向上方传递速度最快;而当气速为15m/s时,热量向右方传递速度最快;此外,气速越大流态化越明显,颗粒间接触越少,接触力也越小。 相似文献
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An analysis is made of the steady two-dimensional stagnation-point flow of an incompressible viscoelastic fluid over a flat deformable surface when the surface is stretched in its own plane with a velocity proportional to the distance from the stagnation-point. It is shown that for a viscoelastic fluid of short memory (obeying Walters’ B′ model), a boundary layer is formed when the stretching velocity of the surface is less than the inviscid free-stream velocity and velocity at a point increases with increase in the elasticity of the fluid. On the other hand, an inverted boundary layer is formed when the surface stretching velocity exceeds the velocity of the free stream and the velocity decreases with increase in the elasticity of the fluid. A novel result of the analysis is that the flow near the stretching surface is that corresponding to an inviscid stagnation-point flow when the surface stretching velocity is equal to the velocity of the free stream. Temperature distribution in the boundary layer is found when the surface is held at constant temperature and surface heat flux is determined. It is found that temperature at a point decreases with increase in the elasticity of the fluid. 相似文献
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基于统一强度理论抗滑桩桩间距的计算 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在已有抗滑桩桩间距研究的基础上,对桩间土拱进行受力分析。从侧阻力条件和土拱强度条件两个方面对抗滑桩桩间距进行了计算,将统一强度理论引入土拱强度的分析,藉此分别判断拱顶前缘、后缘及拱脚处土体是否处于临界状态,可得3个桩间距值,取相应的最小桩间距作为设计桩间距。此方法对于滑坡推力的矩形、三角形和梯形分布形式均适用,并可考虑土体自重应力的影响,同时可推及锚索抗滑桩桩间距的计算。对两个计算实例进行了分析,本方法的计算值与已有计算值或设计值的比较表明本方法效果良好。具体计算中统一强度参数b取0.2~0.7较为合适,滑坡推力为矩形分布时b值约为0.3,滑坡推力为三角形分布时b值约为0.6,滑坡推力为梯形分布时b值介于两者之间。 相似文献
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IntroductionSystemidentificationisakindofnewmethodforbuildingmathematicalmodel,themethodhasbeenwidelyappliedinengineering.Thebackgroundisindustrialprocessautomaticcontrol.Withoutanyknowledgeaboutacomplexindustryprocessinnermechanism,usingtheinputandout… 相似文献
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The steady sliding frictional contact problem between a moving rigid indentor of arbitrary shape and an isotropic homogeneous elastic half-space in plane strain is extensively analysed. The case where the friction coefficient is a step function (with respect to the space variable), that is, where there are jumps in the friction coefficient, is considered. The problem is put under the form of a variational inequality which is proved to always have a solution which, in addition, is unique in some cases. The solutions exhibit different kinds of universal singularities that are explicitly given. In particular, it is shown that the nature of the universal stress singularity at a jump of the friction coefficient is different depending on the sign of the jump. 相似文献
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伪可变体系几何可变性的研究,对轻型结构的设计分析已变得十分重要。本文先分析能量与平衡之间的普遍关系,进而得出判定体系可变性的能量准则。通过拉格朗日乘子的引入,建立能量泛函,得出判定极值的二次型。然后证明了乘积力法与能量法的一致性,并讨论了宜于计算机分析实现的矩阵表示方法。结果表明,若二次型确定,则体系伪可变;当半确定时,体系部分伪可变部分可变;否则体系含二阶以上的无穷小机构。 相似文献