区段灌注毛细管电泳研究药物与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

以毛细管电泳为手段,采用毛细管区段灌注技术,对麻黄碱、咖啡因和扑热息痛3种药物与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)之间的相互作用进行了研究。将两个较短的药物区带分别置于一个较长的BSA区段前后,以区段前的药物为标记物,采用峰漂移模型,同时测得麻黄碱、咖啡因和扑热息痛与BSA的结合常数,其值分别为 3.38×104 L/mol , 4.79×104 L/mol 和 6.13 ×104 L/mol 。结果表明这种方法可作为药物与蛋白相互作用分析的一种改进方法,并且有效地避免了常规峰漂移模型和迎头分析法中     

毛细管区带电泳法测定4种抗HIV-1活性的化合物与牛血清白蛋白的结合常数

采用毛细管区带电泳紫外检测方法,在pH 8.0、浓度50 mmol/L的磷酸盐缓冲溶液及运行电压15 kV的条件下,测定了4种新合成的具有抗HIV-1活性的化合物(IG3,iso-C3,C3,MC3)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)相互作用的结合常数。在缓冲溶液中加入不同浓度的BSA,通过测定化合物迁移时间的变化,计算得到了上述4种化合物与BSA的结合常数分别为1.07×104, 1.34×104, 8.51×103和9.45×103 L/mol。该方法简单、快捷,可用于研究结合比为1∶1的小分子与生物大分子的     

亲和毛细管电泳法测定牛血清白蛋白和加替沙星的结合常数

利用亲和毛细管电泳法对牛血清白蛋白(BSA)与加替沙星(GT)间的结合反应及其相互作用做了初步探索,并应用淌度比(M)作为指标测定了两者的结合常数。以20 mmol/L pH 7.4的磷酸盐缓冲液作为运行缓冲液,分别以GT和BSA作为添加剂,另一组分为进样样品,内标为二甲基甲酰胺,于214 nm波长下检测。两种测定条件下得到的结合常数分别为4.4×104 L/mol和4.2×104 L/mol,与传统的荧光淬灭法测得的结果基本一致。该方法具有简单、高效的优点。     

毛细管电泳法研究牛血清白蛋白与盐酸异丙肾上腺素的相互作用

本研究分别采用区段-区段动力学毛细管电泳法(Plug-Plug Kinetic Capillary Electrophoresis,ppKCE),及以药物为添加剂的亲和毛细管电泳法(Affinity Capillary Electrophoresis,ACE)对盐酸异丙肾上腺素(Hydrochloric Acid Isoproterenol,HAI)与牛血清白蛋白(Bovine Serum Albumin,BSA)的结合作用进行研究。实验结果显示,ppKCE法可同时测得HAI与BSA相互作用体系的结合速率常数kon和离解速率常数koff分别为163.60L·mol-1·s-1、3.50×10-2±0.95×10-2s-1(n=3)。ppKCE法和ACE法测得HAI与BSA的结合常数Kb分别为4.67×103 L·mol-1、6.02×103 L·mol-1,两种方法所得结果能够较好吻合。证明毛细管电泳法在药物-蛋白相互作用研究领域的可靠性,可用于测定药物与蛋白的相互作用,从而用于新药筛选研究。     

亲和毛细管电泳法和荧光法研究氟喹诺酮类药物与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

分别采用亲和毛细管电泳法和荧光法对6种氟喹诺酮类药物(司帕沙星、洛美沙星、左氧氟沙星、诺氟沙星、培氟沙星和氟罗沙星)与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用进行考察. 结合比均为1∶1, 结合常数在104 L/mol量级, 热力学参数表明体系间的相互作用力以范德华作用力和氢键力为主. 另外, 亲和毛细管电泳实验结果表明, 缓冲溶液pH值和离子强度增大会造成结合常数在一定程度上的减小, 使相互作用减弱. 同时, 荧光猝灭实验结合紫外光谱扫描说明体系间为静态猝灭. 所得到的数据对进一步研究氟喹诺酮类药物的作用机理、提高药效和开发新一代氟喹诺酮类药物具有一定的参考意义.     

毛细管区带电泳法考察牛凝血酶、核酸适配体与丹参活性分子间的相互作用

采用毛细管区带电泳法(CZE)研究牛凝血酶(B-Thr)、凝血酶核酸适配体(Apt29)与丹参中3种活性物质(丹参素钠(SAS)、原儿茶酸(PA)、阿魏酸(FA))间的相互作用。电泳条件为:毛细管长度40 cm,紫外检测波长214 nm,分离电压15 kV,压力进样3.45 kPa,进样时间5 s。分别固定3种活性药物分子的浓度,改变B-Thr或Apt29的浓度,采用Scatchard方程和非特异性结合方程计算结合常数(K_b),表征药物分子和B-Thr或Apt29的相互作用大小。结果表明,PA与B-Thr结合能力最强,K_b为3.39×104L/mol,FA与B-Thr的K_b为1.05×104L/mol,SAS与B-Thr未表现出结合能力;在与Apt29的相互作用的研究中显示,SAS基本未与Apt29结合,FA与Apt29结合能力强于PA与Apt29的结合能力,FA、PA与Apt29的K_b分别为1.48×104L/mol和1.32×104L/mol。该研究报道了丹参活性分子与B-Thr、Apt29的相互作用结果,可为核酸适配体(蛋白质)与中药分子相互作用的探索提供新方法,适配体与中药分子相互作用亦可为中药分子的靶点发现、靶向转运提供借鉴。     

加替沙星与牛血清白蛋白的结合反应研究

应用简化的Hummel-Dreyer区带毛细管电泳方法（capillary zone electrophoresis， CZE）研究了牛血清白蛋白与加替沙星分子间的结合作用机制.在位点结合模型的基础上，得到了实用的非线性模拟计算公式，在优选的实验条件下，根据模拟计算公式计算了蛋白质-药物相互作用的结合参数.     

离子液体作为添加剂的毛细管电泳法拆分盐酸金刚乙胺

将新离子液体[EIMCH2CONHBu]BF4用于毛细管电泳法拆分手性药物,建立了以β-环糊精为手性选择剂拆分盐酸金刚乙胺对映体的毛细管电泳方法。分别考察了离子液体浓度,手性选择剂浓度,缓冲溶液种类、浓度及pH值,分离电压等参数对分离度的影响,从而确定了盐酸金刚乙胺对映体的最佳拆分条件:[EIMCH2CONHBu]BF4溶液体积分数3.2%,β-环糊精18 mmol/L,NaH2PO4 15 mmol/L,缓冲液pH 3.03,分离电压15 kV。在优化的实验条件下,盐酸金刚乙胺对映体得到基线分离,分离度可达1.51。实验结果表明[EIMCH2CONHBu]BF4能够增强β-环糊精的手性拆分能力,对手性拆分有协同作用。     

盐酸异丙肾上腺素与牛血清白蛋白相互作用

采用荧光猝灭法和毛细管区带电泳法研究了盐酸异丙肾上腺素（IH）与牛血清白蛋白（BSA）的相互作用。荧光猝灭法研究表明:IH对BSA有较强的荧光猝灭作用,根据Stern-Volmer方程得到猝灭速率常数（K_q）为2.53×10¹³ L·mol^-1·s^-1,该荧光猝灭属于静态猝灭。采用位点结合模型公式计算得结合常数为1.72×10⁴ L·mol^-1,结合位点数n为1;毛细管区带电泳法研究表明:IH与BSA的结合常数为4.07×10⁴ L·mol^-1,结合位点数n为1。     

毛细管电泳研究抗癌药物紫杉醇与人血清蛋白结合作用

采用毛细管区带电泳(CZE)技术, 研究了天然抗癌药物紫杉醇(Paclita-xel)与人血清白蛋白(HSA)的结合机制. 在以硼砂-碳酸钠(pH 10, 50 mmoL)为运行缓冲溶液, 运行电压21 kV, 进样时间5.0 s, 紫外检测器(214 nm)的条件下检测, 结合常数和结合位点数在298和310 K分别为K298 K=1.7×104 L/mol, n298 K=4.1, K310 K=3.4×104 L/mol, n310 K=3.0.     

电泳技术在纳米颗粒分离中的应用

合成纳米颗粒常在尺寸和形状方面具有广泛分布.在很多实验中,需要利用一定大小及形状的纳米颗粒的独特物理化学性质,因此,简便快速的纳米颗粒分离技术越来越受到诸多科学领域的重视.电泳技术以其高分辨率,被广泛用于多种生物大分子如核酸、蛋白质等的分离纯化.纳米颗粒在尺寸上与生物体中的蛋白复合物、细胞器和微生物等十分接近,考虑到带电纳米颗粒与生物分子在电场中的运动行为的相似性,运用电泳技术进行纳米颗粒的鉴定、分离和纯化是一种新的思路,并取得了良好的实验结果.本文主要介绍了琼脂糖凝胶电泳、毛细管电泳以及其他一些电泳技术在纳米颗粒分离中的研究进展.     

Protein separation by capillary gel electrophoresis: A review

Capillary gel electrophoresis (CGE) has been used for protein separation for more than two decades. Due to the technology advancement, current CGE methods are becoming more and more robust and reliable for protein analysis, and some of the methods have been routinely used for the analysis of protein-based pharmaceuticals and quality controls. In light of this progress, we survey 147 papers related to CGE separations of proteins and present an overview of this technology. We first introduce briefly the early development of CGE. We then review the methodology, in which we specifically describe the matrices, coatings, and detection strategies used in CGE. CGE using microfabricated channels and incorporation of CGE with two-dimensional protein separations are also discussed in this section. We finally present a few representative applications of CGE for separating proteins in real-world samples.     

基于生物芯片的核酸凝胶电泳仪

为克服传统平板凝胶电泳法操作步骤繁琐,实验时间长,以及采用紫外光源可能对人体造成伤害等缺陷,该文研制了一种基于电泳芯片的快速凝胶电泳仪,仅需DNA点样于电泳芯片后,将电泳芯片置于该电泳仪便可实现DNA样品快速分离及实时在线成像检测。以20、50、100 bp DNA ladder为检测对象,在仪器内对其分离效果进行验证及优化,其最佳电泳条件为电压100 V/cm,琼脂糖质量分数分别为2. 5%、1. 0%、1. 4%。结果表明在14 min内可以实现3种DNA样品的高效分离,DNA迁移距离与分子量的相关系数均高于0. 9,且该仪器具有较高的稳定性。     

毛细管凝胶电泳

This review,with 56 references,introduces the development and principle of capillary gel electrophore-sis(CGE) with emphasis on the preparation technology of gel-filled capillaries and on the applications of CGEto biomacromolecules. Some current problems,such as reproducibility, detection,and formation of bubblesare described brieny.     

Capillary electrophoresis: An integrated system with a unique split-flow sample introduction mechanism

The performance of an integrated capillary electrophoresis system with a novel split-flow sample injection mechanism and special high sensitivity UV absorbance detector is described. Sample introduction into the capillary is accomplished with a standard HPLC-type microliter syringe. The injected sample is divided proportionally between the separation capillary and an adjustable splitvent. The volume of sample introduced into the capillary can be manipulated by varying the length or the i.d. of the splitvent tubing; or the volume of sample injected. Data are presented showing reproducibility of retention time, peak height, and peak area; minimum detectability; and operation at short UV wavelengths.     

糖类的毛细管电泳及芯片毛细管电泳

 糖类化合物在生物体内发挥多方面的作用。糖研究的复杂性在于其结构的复杂多变。高效毛细管电泳作为一种快速、高效的分离分析手段已广泛应用于糖的研究。芯片毛细管电泳是近几年来发展起来的新的分析技术 ,并已经在生命科学的研究中得到较广泛的应用。就各种糖类化合物的毛细管电泳的分析策略、检测条件及糖类化合物的芯片毛细管电泳进行了阐述 ,共 4 8篇。     

High-performance capillary electrophoresis using open tubes and gels

Summary This paper overviews several aspects of high performance capillary electrophoresis (HPCE), a promising new method of analytical and micropreparative separation of biochemically important samples. The basic migration equations of electrophoresis are first presented and the benefit of high fields for rapid analysis and high performance emphasized. Since power is generated with high voltages, Joule heating results and this heat must be dissipated. The use of capillary columns is shown to be important in efficient heat removal and in minimizing the temperature differences within the column. The various factors influencing band broadening are next described, and it is shown how plate counts close to 10⁶ can be achieved. Various results from our laboratory on open tube and gel columns are then presented to illustrate the potential of this method. Chiral resolution of dansylated amino acids using a chiral metal chelate micelle in open tube HPCE is shown. With the gel columns, the baseline separation of a 2-chain variant from methionine growth hormone (met-hGH) under non-denaturing conditions at fields close to 1000 V/cm is presented. Finally, the micropreparative purification of a 20-mer oligonucleotide using the gel column is described.     

Temperature effects in capillary electrophoresis. 1: Internal capillary temperature and effect upon performance

Summary In isothermal CE the migration velocity of analytes and the number of theoretical plates delivered are expected to be proportional to the field strength. In reality ohmic heating of the capillary causes distortions: the migration velocity increases more rapidly while the plate count increases less rapidly, and may even fall at high values of the field. These distortions are worse the larger the bore of the capillary and the higher the concentration of buffer. A detailed investigation of these effects using capillaries cooled by natural convection has confirmed that self heating of the capillary is indeed largely responsible. The extent of self heating has been determined by three independent methods and to a first approximation is proportional to the power dissipation in the capillary. Decreasing viscosity with temperature is responsible for the nonlinearity of the dependence of velocity upon field strength while increase in the diffusion coefficient of analytes is responsible for the poorer than expected performance at high field strengths.     

Ionic liquids used in and analyzed by capillary and microchip electrophoresis

This review, covering reports published from 2001 to December 2008, shows how ionic liquids (ILs) have made significant contributions in the improvement of capillary and microchip electrophoresis (CE and μCE) for the separation and detection of analytes such as phenols and aromatic acids, metal ions, medicines, enantiomers, biological materials, etc. Furthermore, CE methods applied in the sensitive and accurate determination of physico-chemical properties of ILs have been summarized. Accordingly, research vacancies and future development trends in these areas are discussed.     

Phosphoprotein electrophoresis in the presence of Fe(III) ions

Preparation of affinity polyacrylamide gels containing immobilized Fe(III) ions for the separation of proteins exhibiting metal ion binding properties is described. The presented method enables uniform distribution of immobilized metal ions in the affinity part of the polyacrylamide separating gel. Affinity gels prepared by this way are suitable to follow the effect of different concentrations of metal ions immobilized in polyacrylamide gel on a protein electrophoretic behavior. Polyacrylamide gels containing immobilized Fe(III) ions were used to study the electrophoretic behavior of two model proteins differing in their phosphate group content: chicken ovalbumin and bovine α‐casein. For the electrophoretic separation, both the native and the denaturating conditions were used.