高频磁场下制备表面增强自生梯度复合材料

高频磁场作用下利用电磁相分离工艺成功的制备了Al-Si过共晶合金自生梯度复合材料，通过改变磁场作用时间来控制初生硅的迁移，以使其更好地沿径向成梯度分布。分析了合金组织的形成机理，并测试试样硬度和硅含量的分布。结果表明，试样的心部大部分是共晶组织，硬度为HV100左右，表层区富集了大量的初生硅，硅的含量明显高于合金成分，硬度可以达到HV800，在二者之间形成很好的过渡层，使增强相和基体得到很好的结合。     

过共晶铝硅自生梯度复合材料的组织与性能

用电磁分离工艺成功制备了初生Si相体积分数、材料显微硬度和耐磨性沿径向呈梯度分布的棒状复合材料 ,讨论了梯度层的形成过程。微观组织观察和力学性能测试结果表明 :在近外壁区域形成了体积分数高达16 %的细小初生Si相偏聚区 ,此区硬度高 ,耐磨性好 ,中心区为细小和均匀的共晶组织 ,两部分之间为颗粒体积分数渐变的过渡区 ,可使耐磨层与基体的结合强度得到保证     

Nd对原位自生Mg2Si/Al复合材料的变质作用

采用稀土元素Nd对原位自生Mg2Si/Al复合材料进行变质处理;利用X射线衍射仪和金相显微镜等方法分析了变质前后合金的微观组织;并对Nd的变质机理进行了分析.结果表明:在原位自生Mg2Si/Al复合材料中添加适量的Nd对初生和共晶Mg2Si能够同时起到良好的变质作用.当Nd含量达到0.5％时,初生Mg2Si的形貌由粗大的树枝状或多角形块状转变为细小的块状,平均尺寸由47.5 μm减小到13.0 μm;共晶Mg2Si也由粗大的片状转变为细小的片状、纤维状或点状.其变质机理可能与Nd元素富集于Mg2Si相固-液界面降低Mg2Si相与Al液间界面张力及由富集所引起的成分过冷有关.     

高频磁场下制备颗粒增强铝基梯度复合材料

通过向Al-20%Mg2Si-5%Si母合金中加入10%SiO2颗粒,制得颗粒增强复合材料Al-14.9%Mg2Si-10.3%Si-11.8%MgAl2O4,然后重熔母合金和复合材料,利用高频磁场的电磁相分离法分别成功制备了Al-20%Mg2Si-5%Si(样品1)和Al-14.9%Mg2Si-10.3%Si-11.8%MgAl2O4(样品2)两种颗粒增强梯度复合材料.发现加入的SiO2与铝熔体中的铝镁反应形成了MgAl2O4,并通过电子探针证实了该相的存在,除此之外,初生的Mg2Si、Si也富集于试样表面.在此基础上,对两种合金沿径向进行了硬度测量,结果表明:硬度在径向呈梯度分布,满足梯度复合材料外硬内韧的性能特征.     

高频磁场下制备铝基表面增强梯度复合材料

通过向Al-15Mg2Si合金中加SiO2颗粒,利用高频磁场的电磁相分离法成功制备了Al-15Mg2Si和Al/15Mg2Si/Al2O3两种梯度复合材料.分析了两种复合材料的微观组织,讨论了加入SiO2颗粒对微观组织和力学性能的影响,并对两种合金沿径向进行了硬度测量,结果表明,硬度在径向呈梯度分布,满足梯度复合材料外硬内韧的性能特征.     

Bi变质原位自生Mg2Si/Al复合材料的研究

采用纯Bi对原位自生Mg2Si/Al复合材料进行变质;采用金相显微镜等观察了变质前后材料的微观组织;测试了材料的拉伸性能;并对变质前后合金的断口形貌进行了分析.结果表明,在原位自生Mg2Si/Al复合材料中添加适量的金属Bi对初生Mg2Si和共晶Mg2Si能够同时起到良好的变质作用,初生Mg2Si的形貌由粗大的树枝状或多角形块状转变为细小的块状,尺寸由70 μm减小到6 μm,而共晶Mg2Si则由粗大的片状转变为细小的片状、纤维状或点状.经1.0％的Bi变质后,材料的拉伸性能得到大幅度提高,抗拉强度从175 MPa提高到260MPa,提高了48.6％,伸长率从3.5％提高到7.0％.     

亚共晶铝硅合金自生Mg_2Si复合材料的显微组织研究

采用光学显微镜,对亚共晶Al-8%Si合金自生Mg2Si复合材料的显微组织进行分析。结果表明,Al-8%Si合金中加入6%镁时,共晶Mg2Si组织呈完整发达的古汉字状、树枝状、五星花瓣状等;加入2%镁时,Mg2Si量极少,呈零星颗粒状、鱼骨状或树枝状;加入4%镁时,共晶Mg2Si组织形貌呈纤维状、树枝状,这种显微组织即为亚共晶Al-8%Si合金自生Mg2Si增强相的理想组织。     

冷却速度对Mg2Si增强过共昌AI-Si合金组织与性能的影响

采用液态熔融法制备Mg2Si增强过共晶Al-Si合金自生复合材料。研究了冷却速度、稀土（Pr）变质处理对铸态显微组织与性能的影响。结果表明，在液相线附近，冷却速度快，晶粒均匀细小；稀土（Pr）变质剂对初生硅及共晶组织均有明显的细化效果，并细化MgzSi、改变其形貌与尺寸，可显著提高合金的力学性能。     

Mg_2Si/Al自生复合材料的组织与力学性能研究

对金属型和砂型铸造制备的Mg_2Si/Al自生复合材料进行了磷变质和T6热处理,分析了磷变质和T6热处理对复合材料组织与性能的影响及其作用机理。结果表明:Mg_2Si/Al复合材料主要由α-Al基体、Mg_2Si增强相、CuAl_2和Si共晶相组成;P对初生Mg_2Si相形貌的影响较为显著,而对共晶硅相的影响较小;Mg_2Si相主要呈十四面体结构;P变质处理可以显著改善Mg_2Si/Al复合材料的强度和塑性。     

原位自生Mg2Si/Mg基复合材料的高温蠕变行为

采用原位自生技术制备出不同Mg2Si含量的Mg2Si/Mg复合材料,利用光学显微镜观察其铸态组织,进一步研究了原位自生Mg2Si/Mg复合材料在不同温度和应力下的高温蠕变行为。结果表明,随着Si含量的增加,初生Mg2Si相从原来的块状向树枝状和花瓣状转变,分布在α-Mg和汉字状的共晶Mg2Si之间。原位自生Mg2Si/Mg复合材料的高温蠕变性能随着Mg2Si含量的增加而得到明显地提高,根据蠕变幂率方程,可求得材料的蠕变应力指数和表观激活能。该材料的蠕变表观应力指数均大于5,蠕变表观激活能大于纯Mg的蠕变激活能,且这2个参数在一定的条件下随着Mg2Si含量的增加而变大。该复合材料的蠕变机制主要是由位错攀移和第二相增强机制控制。     

Separation efficiency of alumina particles in Al melt under high frequency magnetic field

The effects of separation time and magnetic induction intensity on the separation efficiency of alumina particles with diameters varying from 30 to 200 μm in aluminum melt were investigated. The experimental results show that the particle-accumulated layer is formed in the periphery of the solidified specimen when the diameter of the separated molten metal, the magnetic induction intensity and the separation time are 10 mm, 0.04 T and 1 s, respectively. When the separation time is 2 s, the particle-accumulated layer can be observed obviously and the separation efficiency is about 80%. There are few alumina particles in the inner of the solidified specimen when the separation time is 3 s. The separation efficiency higher than 85% can be achieved when the separation time is longer than 3 s. When the magnetic induction intensity is 0.06 T, the visible particle-accumulated layer can be formed in 1 s and the separation efficiency is higher than 95%. The experimental results were compared with the calculated results at last.     

高能超声场下熔体原位反应制备TiB2/Al-30Si复合材料及其耐磨性能

在高能超声场下利用熔体原位反应制备TiB2/Al-30Si复合材料;利用XRD、SEM及干磨损试验研究此复合材料的显微组织和磨损性能。结果表明：在高能超声场作用下,原位TiB2颗粒在铝基体中分布均匀,形貌为圆形或四边形,尺寸在0.1-1.5μm之间。初生硅的形貌为四边形,平均尺寸为10μm。随着高能超声功率的增加,Al-30Si基体合金及TiB2/Al-30Si复合材料的硬度明显提高;特别是当超声功率为1.2 kW时,复合材料的硬度达到412 MPa,是基体合金的1.3倍。复合材料的磨损性能得到明显提高,载荷的变化对复合材料的磨损量影响不大。     

Influence of high intensity ultrasonic vibration on microstructure of in-situ synthesized Mg2Si/Mg composites

Coarse and agglomerated primary Mg2Si phase in in-situ synthesized Mg2Si/Mg composite with 4%Si was treated in remelting process by means of high intensity ultrasonic vibration. The effects of ultrasonic vibration duration and temperature on size, morphology and distribution of the primary Mg2Si were studied. The evolution mechanism was discussed. The microstructures of the composites were investigated by means of optical microscopy （OM） and scanning electronic, microscopy （SEM）. The components were inspected with energy dispersion spectrum （EDS） and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. The results indicate that ultrasonic vibration does not alter two constituents of the composites, but changes the size and distribution of aggregated primary Mg2Si particles. The size of primary Mg2Si particles decreases with the increase of vibration duration and vibrating temperature. High intensity ultrasonic has little effects on the primary Mg2Si morphology. The high intensity ultrasonic vibration is an effective means to prepare well-proportioned in-situ synthesized magnesium matrix composites.     

Continuous cleaning of A356 alloy melt using high frequency electromagnetic field

A set of device for electromagnetic separation (EMS) was designed and applied to process the continuous flowing melt. Tensile test was employed to compare effect of electromagnetic separation with that of the traditional processes. Compared with filtration by ceramic foam filter and process without filtration, multiple process combined with filtration and electromagnetic separation can effectively remove most of inclusions with diameter finer than 10μm in A356 alloy casting, hence improve its tensile properties. After being processed by electromagnetic filtration,the tensile strength of A356 scrap is enhanced by 8.27%, approaching the level of fresh A356 alloy.     

Motion behavior of non-metallic particles under high frequency magnetic field

Non-metallic particles, especially alumina, are the main inclusions in aluminum and its alloys. Numerical simulation and the corresponding experiments were carried out to study the motion behavior of alumina particles in commercial pure aluminum under high frequency magnetic field. At the meantime, multi-pipe experiment was also done to discuss the prospect of continuous elimination of non-metallic particles under high frequency magnetic field. It is shown that: 1) results of numerical simulation are in good agreement with the experimental results, which certificates the rationality of the simulation model; 2) when the intensity of high frequency magnetic field is 0.06 T, the 30 μm alumina particles in melt inner could migrate to the edge and be removed within 2 s; 3) multi-pipe elimination of alumina particles under high frequency magnetic field is also effective and has a good prospect in industrial application.     

Effect of a high axial magnetic field on the microstructure in a directionally solidified Al–Al2Cu eutectic alloy

The effect of a high axial magnetic field (up to 12 T) on the microstructure in a directionally solidified Al–Al₂Cu eutectic alloy has been investigated experimentally. The results show that a high magnetic field decreases the eutectic spacing and degenerates the lamellar structure into a wavy one at a low growth speed. X-ray diffraction, selected-area electron diffraction and high-resolution electron microscopy analyses indicate that the field changes the preferred orientation. The Al₂Cu crystal is oriented with the 0 0 1-crystal direction along the solidification direction (i.e., the magnetic field direction). At a pulling velocity of 0.5 μm/s, the magnetic field (B  4T) is responsible for the segregation; which consists of Al striations on the longitudinal section and Al-rich zones on the transverse section. The effects of the field may be attributed to the orientation of the Al₂Cu and the Al crystals and the decrease of the diffusion coefficient caused by the magnetic field.     

Effect of turbulent flow on electromagnetic elimination with high frequency magnetic field

1 Introduction The application of the electromagnetic body force to separate non-metallic inclusions was proposed by ALEMANY et al[1,2]. And ASAI et al have measured the migration velocity of polystyrene particles in a sodium chloride aqueous solution, in which a DC electric field and DC magnetic field were simultaneously imposed. They found that the direction of migration is opposite to the electromagnetic force and the migration velocity agrees well with the values calculated from the …     

高频交变磁场对大电流GMAW熔滴过渡和飞溅率的影响

在熔化极气体保护焊过程中,采用大送丝速度,增大焊接电流和焊丝伸出长度是提高焊接熔敷率的直接途径.但当熔滴过渡转变为旋转射流过渡时,电弧不稳,飞溅增大,焊缝成形变差.施加不同频率的纵向交变磁场,对焊缝成形进行控制.采用高速摄像技术,拍摄焊接过程中的电弧形态和熔滴过渡,研究不同频率的磁场对熔滴过渡和焊接飞溅率的影响规律.结果表明,熔滴过渡形式不同,产生飞溅的机理不同;外加频率为1 000 Hz纵向交变磁场时,电弧的旋转半径减小,电弧的挺度增大,旋转射流过渡时电弧更稳定,焊接飞溅率降低,焊缝成形改善.     

低频电磁铸造AZ41镁合金的热压缩流变与组织

采用Gleeble 1500D热模拟试验机、差热分析仪和光学显微镜等对低频电磁铸造AZ41镁合金铸锭热压缩流变特征及微观组织进行研究。结果表明:AZ41镁合金铸锭热压缩变形存在明显的动态回复和动态再结晶特征;当温度为453~523 K时,以动态回复为主;当温度为593~723 K时,以动态再结晶为主要机制;当温度为593 K,应变速率为1.0 s-1时,形变激活能最低,流变过程最稳定,中心和边缘部位的晶粒得到明显细化。在变形期间,Mg17Al12相的破碎和溶解促进动态再结晶显著发生。