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1.
We have analysed the variations of inclination in 13 satellite orbits as they pass slowly, under the action of air drag, through 15th-order resonance with the geopotential, when successive equatorial crossings are 24° apart and the ground track repeats after 15 rev. The size and form of the change in inclination are determined mainly by the values of the geopotential harmonics of 15th order and odd degree, and (with l = 15, 17, 19, …) in the usual notation. Our analysis gives values of these coefficients up to l = 33 as follows:
l | 109C?l,15 | 109S?l,15 |
15 | ?23.5 ± 0.8 | ?7.7 ± 0.8 |
17 | 6.3 ± 1.5 | 5.6 ± 1.5 |
19 | ?25.1 ± 2.5 | ?7.3 ± 2.3 |
21 | 27.8 ± 3.6 | ?0.7 ± 3.4 |
23 | 17.1 ± 4.1 | 13.9 ± 4.8 |
25 | ?1.1 ± 3.0 | 8.5 ± 4.2 |
27 | 10.0 ± 3.3 | 6.7 ± 2.7 |
29 | ?9.4 ± 3.5 | 0.1 ± 4.7 |
31 | 10.1 ± 5.4 | 3.8 ± 5.6 |
33 | 1.1 ± 5.7 | 3.1 ± 5.8 |
l | 109C?l,15 | 109S?l,15 |
15 | ?21.5 ± 0.9 | ?8.4 ± 0.9 |
17 | 4.4 ± 1.6 | 9.0 ± 1.5 |
19 | ?15.6 ± 2.6 | ?14.1 ± 2.7 |
21 | 10.4 ± 3.0 | 7.3 ± 3.5 |
23 | 22.5 ± 2.8 | 1.2 ± 4.4 |
25 | ?0.9 ± 4.7 | ?3.8 ± 5.3 |
27 | ?11.2 ±3.3 | 9.1 ± 3.2 |
29 | ?20.5 ± 5.4 | ?1.2 ± 6.1 |
31 | 17.7 ± 6.6 | ?1.0 ± 7.1 |
109C? | 109S?l,14 | |
- | - | - |
14 | ?38.5 ±2.9 | ?7.8 ±2.2 |
15 | 4.5 ±1.1 | ?23.8 ±0.3 |
16 | ?22.3 ±3.6 | ?36.0 ±3.8 |
17 | ?15.0 ±2.6 | 16.8 ±1.2 |
18 | ?24.0±4.9 | ?3.2 ±3.7 |
19 | ?1.6 ±2.8 | ?7.6 ±1.0 |
20 | 8.8 ±5.8 | ?15.4 ±4.6 |
21 | 18.2 ±3.6 | ?10.6 ±1.9 |
22 | ?14.5 ±8.1 | 9.9 ±6.4 |
109 | 109 | |
16 | ?13.7 ± 1.3 | ?18.5 ± 2.7 |
18 | ?42.3 ± 1.8 | ?34.7 ± 3.4 |
20 | 10.5 ± 3.1 | 29.8 ± 5.2 |
22 | ?8.6 ± 3.8 | ?20.2 ± 7.4 |
Charles S. CockellEmail: |
9.
M. Ollivier O. Absil F. Allard J.-P. Berger P. Bordé F. Cassaing B. Chazelas A. Chelli O. Chesneau V. Coudé du Foresto D. Defrère P. Duchon P. Gabor J. Gay E. Herwats S. Jacquinod P. Kern P. Kervella J.-M. Le Duigou A. Léger B. Lopez F. Malbet D. Mourard D. Pelat G. Perrin Y. Rabbia D. Rouan J.-M. Reiss G. Rousset F. Selsis P. Stee J. Surdej 《Experimental Astronomy》2009,23(1):403-434
PEGASE is a mission dedicated to the exploration of the environment (including habitable zone) of young and solar-type stars
(particularly those in the DARWIN catalogue) and the observation of low mass companions around nearby stars. It is a space
interferometer project composed of three free flying spacecraft, respectively featuring two 40 cm siderostats and a beam combiner
working in the visible and near infrared. It has been proposed to ESA as an answer to the first “Cosmic Vision” call for proposals,
as an M mission. The concept also enables full-scale demonstration of space nulling interferometry operation for DARWIN.
相似文献
M. OllivierEmail: |
10.
The Space Infrared telescope for Cosmology and Astrophysics (SPICA) is planned to be the next space astronomy mission observing
in the infrared. The mission is planned to be launched in 2017 and will feature a 3.5 m telescope cooled to <5 K through the
use of mechanical coolers. These coolers will also cool the focal plane instruments thus avoiding the use of consumables and
giving the mission a long lifetime. SPICA’s large, cold aperture will provide a two order of magnitude sensitivity advantage
over current far infrared facilities (>30 microns wavelength). We describe the scientific advances that will be made possible
by this large increase in sensitivity and give details of the mission, spacecraft and focal plane conceptual design.
相似文献
Bruce SwinyardEmail: |
11.
We have investigated Bianchi type III non-static magnetized cosmological model for perfect fluid distribution in general relativity.
We assume that F
12 is the only non-vanishing component of F
ij
. Maxwell’s equation
leads to
where K and α are constants.
To get a deterministic model, we assume that σ
11
∝
θ which leads to A=C
n
where n is a constant, σ
11 the x-component of shear tensor σ
ij
and theta is the expansion in the model. The behaviour of the model in absence of magnetic field is discussed. The other
physical and geometrical aspects of the model are also discussed. 相似文献
12.
T. Appourchaux P. Liewer M. Watt D. Alexander V. Andretta F. Auchère P. D’Arrigo J. Ayon T. Corbard S. Fineschi W. Finsterle L. Floyd G. Garbe L. Gizon D. Hassler L. Harra A. Kosovichev J. Leibacher M. Leipold N. Murphy M. Maksimovic V. Martinez-Pillet B. S. A. Matthews R. Mewaldt D. Moses J. Newmark S. Régnier W. Schmutz D. Socker D. Spadaro M. Stuttard C. Trosseille R. Ulrich M. Velli A. Vourlidas C. R. Wimmer-Schweingruber T. Zurbuchen 《Experimental Astronomy》2009,23(3):1079-1117
The POLAR Investigation of the Sun (POLARIS) mission uses a combination of a gravity assist and solar sail propulsion to place
a spacecraft in a 0.48 AU circular orbit around the Sun with an inclination of 75° with respect to solar equator. This challenging
orbit is made possible by the challenging development of solar sail propulsion. This first extended view of the high-latitude
regions of the Sun will enable crucial observations not possible from the ecliptic viewpoint or from Solar Orbiter. While
Solar Orbiter would give the first glimpse of the high latitude magnetic field and flows to probe the solar dynamo, it does
not have sufficient viewing of the polar regions to achieve POLARIS’s primary objective: determining the relation between
the magnetism and dynamics of the Sun’s polar regions and the solar cycle.
相似文献
T. AppourchauxEmail: |
13.
A. Refregier 《Experimental Astronomy》2009,23(1):17-37
The Dark UNiverse Explorer (DUNE) is a wide-field space imager whose primary goal is the study of dark energy and dark matter
with unprecedented precision. For this purpose, DUNE is optimised for the measurement of weak gravitational lensing but will
also provide complementary measurements of baryonic accoustic oscillations, cluster counts and the Integrated Sachs Wolfe
effect. Immediate auxiliary goals concern the evolution of galaxies, to be studied with unequalled statistical power, the
detailed structure of the Milky Way and nearby galaxies, and the demographics of Earth-mass planets. DUNE is an Medium-class
mission which makes use of readily available components, heritage from other missions, and synergy with ground based facilities
to minimise cost and risks. The payload consists of a 1.2 m telescope with a combined visible/NIR field-of-view of 1 deg2. DUNE will carry out an all-sky survey, ranging from 550 to 1600 nm, in one visible and three NIR bands which will form a
unique legacy for astronomy. DUNE will yield major advances in a broad range of fields in astrophysics including fundamental
cosmology, galaxy evolution, and extrasolar planet search. DUNE was recently selected by ESA as one of the mission concepts
to be studied in its Cosmic Vision programme.
相似文献
A. RefregierEmail: |
14.
Sergey M. Kudryavtsev 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》1995,61(3):207-215
A high-precise analytical theory of a satellite in orbit around a non-spherical planet has been developed. The Poisson's small parameter method has been used. All secular and short-periodic perturbations proportional up to and including a product of five arbitrary harmonic coefficients of the planetary potential expansion are calculated. Long-periodic perturbations are derived with the accuracy of up to the fourth-order, inclusive. The influence of the high-order perturbations on the motion of ETALON-1 satellite has been investigated. The results of comparison of the numerical and analytical integration of the equations of its motion over a five year interval are as follows:
The theory is intended to be used for processing precise laser range measurements of the Earth geodynamical satellites over long-term intervals. 相似文献
| - the r.m.s. difference between the positions is 1.1 cm; |
| - the r.m.s. difference between the ranges is 0.5 cm. |
15.
An attempt has been made to solve the field equations with perfect fluid in an inhomogeneous space-time governed by the metric
in both Einstein and Barber's theories of gravitation. It is shown here that in both the theories the field equations are
reducible to a Laplace equation and the perfect fluid distribution does not survive. Moreover all the solutions represent
plane gravitational wave and the vacuum models in both the theories can be constructed by an arbitrary harmonic function iny and z coordinates.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
16.
P. P. Hallan Sanjay Jain K. B. Bhatnagar 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》2000,77(3):157-184
The non-linear stability of L
4 in the restricted three-body problem has been studied when the bigger primary is a triaxial rigid body with its equatorial
plane coincident with the plane of motion. It is found that L
4 is stable in the range of linear stability except for three mass ratios:
where A1, A2 depend upon the lengths of the semi axes of the triaxial rigid body.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
17.
The main goal of this paper is to compare the relative importance of destruction by tides vs. destruction by mergers, in order to assess if tidal destruction of galaxies in clusters is a viable scenario for explaining
the origin of intracluster stars. We have designed a simple algorithm for simulating the evolution of isolated clusters. The
distribution of galaxies in the cluster is evolved using a direct gravitational N-body algorithm combined with a subgrid treatment of physical processes such as mergers, tidal disruption, and galaxy harassment.
Using this algorithm, we have performed a total of 148 simulations. Our main results are:
相似文献
– | destruction of dwarf galaxies by mergers dominates over destruction by tides, and |
– | the destruction of galaxies by tides is sufficient to explain the observed intracluster light in clusters. |
18.
Thierry Appourchaux Raymond Burston Yanbei Chen Michael Cruise Hansjörg Dittus Bernard Foulon Patrick Gill Laurent Gizon Hugh Klein Sergei Klioner Sergei Kopeikin Hans Krüger Claus Lämmerzahl Alberto Lobo Xinlian Luo Helen Margolis Wei-Tou Ni Antonio Pulido Patón Qiuhe Peng Achim Peters Ernst Rasel Albrecht Rüdiger Étienne Samain Hanns Selig Diana Shaul Timothy Sumner Stephan Theil Pierre Touboul Slava Turyshev Haitao Wang Li Wang Linqing Wen Andreas Wicht Ji Wu Xiaomin Zhang Cheng Zhao 《Experimental Astronomy》2009,23(2):491-527
ASTROD I is a planned interplanetary space mission with multiple goals. The primary aims are: to test general relativity with
an improvement in sensitivity of over three orders of magnitude, improving our understanding of gravity and aiding the development
of a new quantum gravity theory; to measure key solar system parameters with increased accuracy, advancing solar physics and
our knowledge of the solar system; and to measure the time rate of change of the gravitational constant with an order of magnitude
improvement and the anomalous Pioneer acceleration, thereby probing dark matter and dark energy gravitationally. It is an
international project, with major contributions from Europe and China and is envisaged as the first in a series of ASTROD
missions. ASTROD I will consist of one spacecraft carrying a telescope, four lasers, two event timers and a clock. Two-way,
two-wavelength laser pulse ranging will be used between the spacecraft in a solar orbit and deep space laser stations on Earth,
to achieve the ASTROD I goals. A second mission, ASTROD (ASTROD II) is envisaged as a three-spacecraft mission which would
test General Relativity to 1 ppb, enable detection of solar g-modes, measure the solar Lense–Thirring effect to 10 ppm, and
probe gravitational waves at frequencies below the LISA bandwidth. In the third phase (ASTROD III or Super-ASTROD), larger
orbits could be implemented to map the outer solar system and to probe primordial gravitational-waves at frequencies below
the ASTROD II bandwidth.
相似文献
Wei-Tou NiEmail: |
19.
J. H. Piddington 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1976,41(2):371-385
Using a combination of solar and interplanetary measurements, a topological model is developed of the overall magnetic and plasma structures.
相似文献
(i) | The basic framework is the magnetic field, whose structure is found by combining measurements made at the photosphere, the transition region, and at 1 AU. It divides the atmosphere into three physically isolated regions having quite different processes of energy and plasma transfer, and very different properties. |
(ii) | A magnetically open atmosphere is confined within 10% of the surface magnetic flux in the form of tiny nozzles. It expands from 0.1% of the photospheric area to 10% of the low corona and 100% of the solar wind. Energy absorption and resulting expansion is traced from chromospheric levels. |
(iii) | A model of M-regions, high-speed plasma streams and interplanetary sector structure is based on refraction of acoustic waves and their focusing into the centres of sectors. |
(iv) | The average magnetically enclosed atmosphere occupies1% of the photosphere, spreading to 90% of the low corona. Surface flux is concentrated into strands of 4×1018 Mx, with 30 per supergranule cell. The strands spread and also divide into smaller flux tubes to accout for chromospheric fine structure in which magnetic forces dominate. It is questionable that this complex of plasma elements should be called an atmosphere. |
(v) | The third, non-magnetic part of the solar atmosphere comprises on averae 99% of the photosphere and a large part of the chromosphere (the network interior), but little if any of the corona. It is stressed that measurements or models of the solar atmosphere have little meaning unless they relate to a particular one of the three regions described here. |
(vi) | It is confirmed that most of the energy needed to heat the solar atmosphere traverses the photosphere as Alfvén waves. Some energy is converted to acoustic waves at the boundaries of the magnetic fields, some is dissipated when the Alfvén waves become non-linear. |
20.
S. Schiller G. M. Tino P. Gill C. Salomon U. Sterr E. Peik A. Nevsky A. Görlitz D. Svehla G. Ferrari N. Poli L. Lusanna H. Klein H. Margolis P. Lemonde P. Laurent G. Santarelli A. Clairon W. Ertmer E. Rasel J. Müller L. Iorio C. Lämmerzahl H. Dittus E. Gill M. Rothacher F. Flechner U. Schreiber V. Flambaum Wei-Tou Ni Liang Liu Xuzong Chen Jingbiao Chen Kelin Gao L. Cacciapuoti R. Holzwarth M. P. Heß W. Schäfer 《Experimental Astronomy》2009,23(2):573-610
The Einstein Gravity Explorer mission (EGE) is devoted to a precise measurement of the properties of space-time using atomic
clocks. It tests one of the most fundamental predictions of Einstein’s Theory of General Relativity, the gravitational redshift,
and thereby searches for hints of quantum effects in gravity, exploring one of the most important and challenging frontiers
in fundamental physics. The primary mission goal is the measurement of the gravitational redshift with an accuracy up to a
factor 104 higher than the best current result. The mission is based on a satellite carrying cold atom-based clocks. The payload includes
a cesium microwave clock (PHARAO), an optical clock, a femtosecond frequency comb, as well as precise microwave time transfer
systems between space and ground. The tick rates of the clocks are continuously compared with each other, and nearly continuously
with clocks on earth, during the course of the 3-year mission. The highly elliptic orbit of the satellite is optimized for
the scientific goals, providing a large variation in the gravitational potential between perigee and apogee. Besides the fundamental
physics results, as secondary goals EGE will establish a global reference frame for the Earth’s gravitational potential and
will allow a new approach to mapping Earth’s gravity field with very high spatial resolution. The mission was proposed as
a class-M mission to ESA’s Cosmic Vision Program 2015–2025.
相似文献
S. SchillerEmail: |
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