密近双星自转的测量和研究（V）轨道圆化

作为密近双星自转测量和研究的系列章之一，本从轨道圆化的角度讨论了Ｚａｈｎ的动力学潮汐机制粘滞理论、Ｔａｓｓｏｕｌ的纯流体动力学理论与实测数据的简便程度，对前前中的２９个不相接双星系统，均分别计算了出以上理论所预测匠轨道沦时标，分析比较了各系统的理论圆化时标与它的年龄及轨道圆化和蔼间的关系，结果表明：动力学潮汐、粘滞理论的计算结果出比纯流体动力学机制的预期更符合实测数据，但与（ＩＶ）的结果相     

密近双星自转的测量和研究(V)轨道圆化

作为密近双星自转测量和研究的系列文章之一,本文从轨道圆化的角度讨论了Ｚａｈｎ的动力学潮汐机制及粘滞理论、Ｔａｓｏｕｌ的纯流体动力学理论与实测数据的符合程度．对前文（文ＩＶ）中的２９个不相接双星系统,均分别计算出了以上理论所预期的轨道圆化时标,分析比较了各系统的理论圆化时标与它的年龄及轨道圆化程度间的关系．结果表明：动力学潮汐、粘滞理论的计算结果比纯流体动力学机制的预期更符合实测数据．但与文（ＩＶ）的结果相比,动力学潮汐、粘滞理论对轨道圆化过程的预期不如它对自转同步问题的预期那样准确．本文认为,动力学潮汐和气体沾滞是密近双星系统轨道圆化的两种主要机制,但决不是唯一的机制．在主序前和ＡＧＢ后两演化阶段,纯流体动力学机制可能起较重要作用     

密近双星自转的测量和研究（Ⅰ）观测和处理结果

用相同的仪器条件在美国ＫｉｔｔＰｅａｋ国立天文台观测了一批密近双星,并用两种方法得出其自转速度,最后给出了７５个双星系统的９９个子星的自转速度,其中５４个子星是首次进行自转测量。这批高精度的自转值为研究双星的同步性和检验各种同步机制提供了可靠的观测资料。     

密近双星自转的测量和研究（III）同步性的统计性质

我们对前（Ｉ）和（Ⅱ）的实测和计算结果进行了统计分析,讨论了自转同步与相对半径,轨道周期间的关系,结果表明,几乎所有ｒ〉０．１８的不相接双星系统子星都是同步的,而ｒ〈０．１０的子星均处于非同步自转,在相接,半相接双星系统中,同步性与相对半径ｒ也有很好的相关性,但由于子星间物质交流的影响,它们的同步性临界相对半径的０．２１,大于不相接双星系统的０．１８。     

小质量密近双星Case A演化和几乎相接双星的形成

计算了总质量为3.9M,具有不同初始质比和两子星间距的一组模型在总质量、总角动量守恒假设下的Case A演化,以探求Case A演化与几乎相接双星(NCS)可能的联系.结果表明确实存在经过Case A质量交流演化为NCS系统的途径。并且这样形成的NCS系统其随后的演化有两种前景:一种随即演化为相接系统;另一种则经由慢速质量交流成为较稳定的半接或不接系统.但能够演化为NCS状态的初始模型范围极为狭窄,本文大致确定了它们的初始质比、子星间距等参量范围. 结合模型计算结果,对已知29个NCS系统作了统计研究,结果表明NCS系统与相接双星在演化上有很密切的联系.     

基于神经网络的半接双星测光解轨方法

半接双星(semi-detached binary)对于研究相互作用双星的形成和演化有着重要意义。随着大规模时域巡天时代的到来,预计将发现大量此类天体。针对海量的时域观测数据,需要一种快捷的建模工具对半接双星开展自动化光变曲线分析。基于神经网络构建了半接双星快速测光解轨模型。该模型根据光变曲线和已知的主星温度对半接双星的轨道进行建模,获得其轨道倾角、相对半径、质量比和温度比4个基本参数。结果表明,半接双星神经网络解轨模型能够快速地对一条光变曲线建模。在测光误差小于光变曲线振幅1%时,模型对于轨道倾角接近90^°、温度比约为0.6、光变振幅为1.84 mag的半接双星的轨道倾角、相对半径、质量比和温度比的测量误差分别为1.251, 0.004, 0.008和0.003。另外,模型应用在开普勒(Kepler)卫星实测光变曲线的结果表明,模型能够较为准确地对脉动食双星的光变曲线进行建模(拟合度可达0.9以上)。此外,该模型作为一个通用工具可以迁移到不同测光巡天项目上。     

RS CVn型密近双星系统的红外辐射

本文给出了41个RS CVn型密近双星系统的J,H和K的测光结果和经证认为IRAS点源的40个Rs CVn系统的数据。对那些子星具有光谱分类的系统,我们讨论了它们的红外色余,发现只有少数系统具有红外色余。在近红外区有UX Ari,Z Her和HR 1099;在12μm处为SZ Psc。对那些具有确切的12、25μm流量并作了K星等测量的系统,我们讨论了他们在logf_(2.2)/f_(12)和logf_(25)/f_(12)的双色图上的位置。大多数RS CVn系统都在黑体线的附近。这一些结论却和P.Biermann和D.Hall所指出的红外色余是RS CVn型密近双星的一般特性所不相符合。对一些红外辐射有差异的天体应进一步研究。     

食双星仙女座RT And的视向速度和测光研究

本文发表了食双星RT And的1984—1985年期间的视向速度观测。依据点源模型获得了一组新的分光轨道解。轨道根数分别是:V_(01)=-1.0公里/秒;V_(02)=+5.0公里/秒;K_1=131.4公里/秒;K_2=168.4公里/秒;T_0=HJD2,445,977.0997。q_(sp)=m_2/m_1=0.780。结合文献中的资料,使用Wilson Devinney方法,对视向速度和测光观测作联合求解,得到了该双星的绝对参量:A=3.80R_⊙;R=1.14R_⊙;R=1.05R_⊙;M_1=1.05M_⊙;M_2=0.81M_⊙;L_1=1.78L_⊙;L_2=0.54L_⊙;M_(V_1)=4.14~m;M_(V_2)=5.65~m;距离估算为50pc。主伴星均有主序演化效应。     

密近双星自转的测量和研究(Ⅲ)──同步性的统计性质

我们对前文（Ⅰ）和（Ⅱ）的实测和计算结果进行了统计分析,讨论了自转同步与相对半径、轨道周期间的关系．结果表明：几乎所有r＞0．18的不相接双星系统子星都是同步的,而r＜0．10的子星均处于非同步自转．在相接、半相接双星系统中,同步性与相对半径r也有很好的相关性,但由于子星间物质交流的影响,它们的同步性临界相对半径为0．21,大于不相接双星系统的0.18．     

Asteroseismic Investigation of 44 Tau, A Slowly Rotating δ Scuti Star

Evolutionary model calculations of 44 Tau, a δ-Scuti star, have been carried out. The star in question is a slow rotator (vsini = 6.8 kms^-1).However small it may be, the effect of rotation on the oscillation properties of the star was thought to be worth of studying. Models were evolved with uniform rotation. Radial and non-radial adiabatic oscillation frequencies were calculated. In determining oscillation frequencies rotation has been treated as a perturbation. First order effect has been considered. The possible rotational splittings, due to two rotation speeds, have been calculated. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Close binary system GO Cyg

In this study, we present long term photometric variations of the close binary system GO Cyg. Modelling of the system shows that the primary is filling Roche lobe and the secondary of the system is almost filling its Roche lobe. The physical parameters of the system are M₁ = 3.0 ± 0.2M_⊙, M₂ = 1.3 ± 0.1M_⊙, R₁ = 2.50 ± 0.12R_⊙, R₂ = 1.75 ± 0.09R_⊙, L₁ = 64 ± 9L_⊙, L₂ = 4.9 ± 0.7L_⊙, and a = 5.5 ± 0.3R_⊙. Our results show that GO Cyg is the most massive system near contact binary (NCB). Analysis of times of the minima shows a sinusoidal variation with a period of 92.3 ± 0.5 yr due to a third body whose mass is less than 2.3M_⊙. Finally a period variation rate of −1.4 × 10⁻⁹ d/yr has been determined using all available light curves.     

Spectral analyses of [WCL]-type central stars

The optical spectra of the seven late-type Wolf-Rayet central stars NGC-40 (PNG 120.0+09.8, subtype [WC8]), He 2-99 (PNG 309.0–04.2, [WC9]), BD+30°3639 (PN G 064.7+05.0, [WC9]), CPD-56°8032 (PNG 332.9–09.9, [WC11]), He2-113 (PNG 321.0+03.9, [WC11]), M4-18 (PNG 146.7+07.6, [WC11]) and K2-16 (PNG 352.9+11.4, [WC11]) are analyzed by means of spherically expanding model atmospheres. The NLTE simulations account for the elements hydrogen, helium, carbon and oxygen. As main results effective temperature, element abundances and final velocity of the wind are determined for each star. Assuming distances or luminosities for the objects, also the stellar radii and the mass-loss rates can be fixed. The results of these analyses establish empirical constraints for the evolutionary status of WC-type central stars as post-AGB objects and provide input for modeling their planetary nebulae.     

Optical Spectroscopy of V4334 Sgr: 1996–2000

Due to a combination of rapid expansion and changes in chemical composition, the optical spectrum of V4334 Sgr changed rapidly between discovery in 1996 Februaryand extinction during 1999. As one of the most rapidly evolving stars ever observed, optical spectroscopy must answer a range of important questions.The development of the optical spectrum and its implications are discussedthrough a review of published literature. A previously unpublished sequence of spectra from near discovery through 1996 demonstrates the thermal evolution of V4334 Sgr, while detailed analysis of an unpublished echelle spectrumobtained in 1996 May raises questions about the model atmospheres used to date.As a result, requirements for future models of the atmosphere of V4334 Sgr are analysed. The future evolution of V4334 Sgr and the dispersion of its dustycocoon are briefly discussed.     

Photospheric variability of O stars

The characteristics of the line profile variations observed in optical transitions of O-type stars are reviewed. For a few well-observed stars, there is compelling evidence that the variations are due to photospheric velocity fields from one or more modes of nonradial pulsation. However, the origin of the line profile variations observed in most O stars is not yet established. To date, there is little empirical evidence to suggest that the variability in optical absorption lines of O stars is causally linked to the stellar wind variability commonly observed in their UV resonance lines.     

Galactic distribution of WR stars

The recent VIIth Catalogue of Galactic Wolf-Rayet Stars lists 227 Population I WR stars, comprising 127 WN, 87 WC, 10 WN/WC and 3 WO stars. Additional discoveries bring the census to 234 WR stars. A re-determination of the optical photometric distances and the galactic distribution of WR stars shows in the solar neighbourhood a projected surface density of 2.7 WR stars per kpc², a N _WC/N _WN number ratio of 1.3, and a WR binary frequency of 40 %.The galactocentric distance (R _WR) distribution per subtype showsR _WN and R _WC decreasing with WN and WC subtypes. This revised version was published online in September 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.