聚氯乙烯的氯化及其应用

本文主要介绍了聚氯乙烯氯化的生产工艺，其中水相悬浮氯化和用液氯进行氯化的工艺很有发展前途，通过ＣＰＶＣ和ＰＶＣ的性能对比，证明了氯化聚氯乙烯反应前景广阔。     

氯化聚氯乙烯树脂及其制备方法

提出了将聚氯乙烯系树脂粉碎成平均粒径为０．５－５０μｍ粒子的方法,并提供了对其进行氯化,制备凝胶性能和耐热性优良的氯化聚氯乙烯树脂的方法。     

国内外氯化聚氯乙烯生产技术比较

通过探讨水相悬浮法氯化PVC的反应机制和表征CPVC样品,分析了国内外CPVC生产技术差距,指出专用PVC的聚合工艺是影响CPVC质量的关键因素,提高PVC及CPVC树脂的分析表征手段是CPVC发展的重点。     

聚氯乙烯的氯化及其应用

主要介绍了聚氯乙烯氯化的生产工艺，其中水相悬浮氯化和用液氯进行氯化的工艺奶有发展前途，通过ＣＰＶＣ和ＰＶＣ的性能对比，证明了氯化聚氯乙烯应用前景广阔。     

固相法氯化聚氯乙烯的研制

采用气 固相搅拌式氯化法对影响聚氯乙烯氯化反应的条件进行了分析,得出了适宜的反应条件。结果表明,温度为115℃、时间为2h、氯气流量为500～550mL·min-1是较佳的反应条件。对聚氯乙烯的氯化反应机理及动力学特征作了初步的研究。当反应温度超过100℃时,反应由内控制控制。     

氯化聚氯乙烯的生产及应用

简要介绍了氯化聚氯乙烯的性能、制备方法和应用情况。     

氯化聚氯乙烯特性,应用及现状

本文论述了氯化聚氯乙烯的特性，应用及国内外现状。明确指出ＣＰＶＣ将在化工，建筑行业得到广泛应用，应大力发展ＣＰＶＣ工业。     

SAN及MBS改性氯化聚氯乙烯的研究

研究了稳定体系、ＳＡＮ及ＭＢＳ对氯化聚氯乙烯共混物力学性能、耐热性及加工行为的影响。结果表明：采用钡／镉复合稳定体系可获得较好的综合性能；提高ＭＢＳ用量可以增加共混物的冲击强度和断裂伸长率，耐拉伸强度下降；ＳＡＮ用量增加，共混物的拉伸强度上升，而冲击强度和断裂伸长率下降，加入ＳＡＮ和ＭＢＳ。共混物的耐热性略有下降，但能改善共混物的辊上加工行为。     

氯化聚氯乙烯的特性、制备及应用

氯化聚氯乙烯作为聚氯乙烯的化学改性产物，具有的特殊性能使其发展前景较为广阔。主要叙述了氯化聚氯乙烯所具备的优良性能、制备技术及应用领域。     

Synthesis and Mechanical Properties of Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride (CPVC) Carboxylate Ionomer

In the present work, the preparation of CPVC carboxylate ionomer is explored. First, a graft copolymer, composed of polyacrylic acid as branched chains and chlorinated polyvinyl chloride as backbone, was synthesized by in-situ chlorinating graft copolymerization. Second, the acid groups of the graft copolymer were neutralized by sodium hydroxide in order to prepare the ionomer. The ionomer was determined by Fourier transform infrared absorption spectrometry, differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis, and mechanical properties. The results showed that the ionomer was synthesized successfully and its mechanical properties were enhanced notably compared with the graft copolymer.     

Preparation,structure, and transport properties of ultrafiltration membranes of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), carboxylated poly(vinyl chloride) (CPVC), and PVC/CPVC blends

Ultrafiltration (UF) membranes were prepared from poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), carboxylated poly(vinyl chloride) (CPVC), and PVC/CPVC blends by the phase-inversion method. The physical structure of the membranes was characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The fouling characteristics of all the three membranes and acrylamide (AA)-grafted PVC membranes were characterized by ultrafiltration of bovine serum albumin (BSA) solution over a range of pH and of salt concentrations. Maximum adsorption of the protein on the membrane occurred near the isoelectric point of BSA and in the presence of the salts. The charge on BSA appears to be a dominant factor in determining the fouling. The UF results are explained in terms of nature of the membrane polymer, and effect of different ionic environments on the conformational changes of the protein. The ultrafiltration fluxes are correlated by a model based on the membrane resistance and the time-dependent resistance of the concentration polarization layer of the protein. The values of a mass transfer coefficient and concentration polarization were determined. Zeta potential of the membranes were also determined before and after the UF. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 73: 1117–1130, 1999     

氯化聚氯乙烯生产与应用

介绍氯化聚氯乙烯生产方法、应用与市场，并对氯化聚氯乙烯的发展前景进行评述与展望。     

CPVC/PVC/CPE三元共混改性的应用

研究了ＣＰＶＣ／ＰＶＣ／ＣＰＥ 三元共混物的物理力学性能和流变性能。结果表明：共混物的维卡软化温度、拉伸屈服强度和熔体粘度随ＣＰＶＣ 用量的增加而明显增加;ＣＰＥ 的用量为４ ～８ＰＨＲ 时可明显改善共混物的冲击强度。     

氯化聚氯乙烯的高性能化研究

以苯乙烯(St)和丙烯酸丁酯(BA)单体对氯化聚氯乙烯(CPVC)进行力化学改性.研究及分析了苯乙烯、丙烯酸丁酯单体及增韧剂的加入量对CPVC流变性能、力学性能及耐热性能的影响.实验结果表明:力化学改性CPVC是一种简单、有效的方法.经红外光谱测试证明,通过力化学方法可以制备CPVC-g-St及CPVC-g-BA共聚物.改性后的CPVC的加工性能和冲击强度均有明显提高,且保持了其良好的耐热性.     

国产CPVC树脂和进口树脂性能的对比分析

选取国内外同类型的典型的CPVC树脂进行结构表征及性能测试,探讨树脂存在的差距.利用扫描电子显微镜/X射线能谱仪(SEM/EDS)、同步热分析仪(DSC/TG)对两种树脂进行全面的表征和比较.结果表明:国产树脂与进口树脂存在一定的差距,国产CPVC粒子皮膜连续且厚实;加工温度范围窄,塑炼易变色,热稳定性差,需要从提高PVC质量、改进氯化工艺以及加强PVC,CPVC表征分析等方面着手,加快研发速度,逐步改观我国CPVC技术落后,产品质量差的现状.     

悬浮态乳液聚合条件对聚氯乙烯树脂颗粒特性的影响

Suspended emulsion polymerization of vinyl chloride was carried out in a 5 L autoclave. The influence of agitation, polymerization conversion, dispersant and surfactant on the average particle size (PS) and particle size distribution (PSD), particle morphology and porosity of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin was investigated. It showed that the agitator had great influence on the smooth operation of polymerization, PS and PSD. The PS increased and PSD became narrow as polymerization conversion became high. The porosity decreased with the increase of conversion. A convenient choice of additives, both dispersants and non-ionic surfactants, allows one to adjust PS and PSD. The PS decreased with the addition of polyvinyl alcohol or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose dispersants,and increased with the addition of Span surfactants. The addition of dispersants or surfactants also affected the morphology and porosity of resin, and PVC resin with looser agglomeration and homogeneous distribution of primary particles was prepared.     

纳米SiO2和ABS改性CPVC材料

采用融熔共混的方法制备出CPVC/SiO2和CPVC/ABS/SiO2两种复合体系,研究复合体系的力学性能、耐热性,并进行了微观结构分析以及动态力学分析,考察纳米SiO2以及ABS对体系各项性能的影响.结果表明:适量的纳米SiO2可以提高体系力学性能及耐热性;ABS的加入有效的提高了体系的抗冲击强度,并使体系的玻璃化转变温度向高温方向移动,耐热性进一步得到改善.     

乳胶漆的PVC和CPVC

介绍了乳胶漆的PVC及CPVC和涂膜性能的关系;讨论了乳液的粒径大小、成膜温度等因素对CPVC的影响。     

马来酸酐接枝改性氯化聚氯乙烯的制备及其在PVC中的应用

采用固相法制备马来酸酐接枝氯化聚氯乙烯(CPVC-g-MAH),得到了接枝率达2.91 %的CPVC-g-MAH,并对其进行了性能测试,探讨了聚氯乙烯(PVC)/CPVC-g-MAH共混物的冲击性能和加工性能,与PVC/氯化聚氯乙烯(CPVC)共混物进行对比以观察改性效果。结果表明,CPVC-g-MAH的热性能较CPVC有较大提高;PVC/CPVC-g-MAH共混物的冲击性能比PVC/CPVC共混物有所提高,而平衡转矩有所降低,说明CPVC-g-MAH相比于CPVC对PVC共混物加工性能改善效果更加明显。