青藏高原多年冻土区高寒草甸植物群落主要植物化学元素含量特征

分析了青藏高原北麓河地区29种高寒植物15个元素含量的特征。结果表明,这些植物中元素平均含量>400μg/g的元素有Ca,Mg,Na,K,Fe,10～100μg/g的有Mn,Cr,Zn,Cu,<10μg/g的有Ni,Co,As,Pb,Cd,Hg;种间同种元素的含量变化规律不统一。相关性分析表明,Cu与Cd,Fe与Cd和Hg,Cr与Ni,Co和Mg极显著正相关,Cr和Ca极显著负相关;聚类分析表明,Na,As元素对本区植物聚类的影响最大,莎草科、禾本科、菊科科内植物元素含量相似。     

湘潭市土壤重金属地球化学特征的统计分析

运用相关性分析、聚类分析、因子分析及直方图分析对湘潭市土壤重金属地球化学特征进行了研究。结果表明：（1）As、Cd、Cu、zn与pH值呈显著正相关;As与Cd、Cu、Ph、zn呈显著正相关;Cd与As、Cu、Pb呈显著正相关;Cu与As、Cd、Pb、Zn呈显著正相关;Pb与As、Cu、zn呈显著正相关;Zn与As、Cd、Cu、Pb呈显著正相关;Hg与其他重金属及pH值不具有显著相关关系。（2）本区重金属分为两类,即Cr、pH、As、Zn、Cu、Cd;Hg、Pb。（3）区内重金属存在3种主要元素组合即As—Cd—Cu—Pb—Zn—pH;Cr—Hg;Cd—pH;（4）区内重金属As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Zn服从正态分布。（5）通过前人对湘潭市土壤重金属进行生态地球化学评价可知,区内Cd、Hg属重污染,从统计分析结果来看,Cd随着本区pH值变化而变化,并与As、Cu、Pb相关性显著;而Hg与pH值及其它重金属之间没有必然联系。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)同时测定正山小种红茶中18种微量元素

采用微波消解样品,应用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)同时测定正山小种红茶中Na、Mg、K、Ca、Fe、Al、Zn、Mn、Cu、Ge、Cd、Cr、Ni、Se、Mo、Hg、As和Pb 18种元素。对于所测元素校准曲线的相关系数0.9990,回收率范围为90.1%～108.1%,相对标准偏差为1.54%～7.57%。正山小种红茶中Na、Mg、K、Ca、Fe、Al、Zn、Mn、Cu、Ge、Cd、Cr、Ni、Se、Mo、Hg、As和Pb 18种元素可用ICP-MS法同时测定,方法简便、快速、准确,灵敏度高。     

丹-锡高速公路两侧土壤中重金属元素污染的测定与评价（英文）

论文对丹-锡高速公路两旁土壤中重金属Pb、Cd、Cr、Cu、Zn、Fe、Ni和Mn元素的含量进行了采样调查。分别用单项污染指数、内梅罗指数和地累积指数对土壤中重金属元素的污染状况进行了评价。结果表明:高速公路两旁栽种防护林对土壤重金属污染起到一定的防护作用。随着距路基中心距离的增加,土壤pH值变化范围不大,土壤略呈弱酸性,土壤中Pb、Zn、Mn、Cd和Cu的含量呈现下降的趋势,Fe、Cr、Ni的含量在距路基10~30m范围内略有增加。公路两侧土壤中Pb含量超过背景值,但没有引起污染,Zn、Cr和Cd含量处于轻度到中度污染。土壤中Pb、Cd、Zn、Fe和Cu来自于同一类污染源。     

耐高盐碱蓬对湿地土壤中金属元素的富集特征研究

基于秦皇岛滨海湿地人工种植耐高盐碱蓬修复工程试验,通过分析湿地土壤沉积物及耐高盐碱蓬中不同金属元素的含量与变化,研究了耐高盐碱蓬对金属元素的富集特征。结果显示:湿地沉积物中Fe、Mn、Cr、Pb和Zn的浓度较高,分别为8 210. 94、110. 04、8. 78、8. 25、10. 95 mg/kg,Cd的浓度最低,平均值为0. 022 mg/kg,湿地试验区土壤中同一金属元素变异程度较小,分布较均匀。碱蓬体内重金属含量根据采集地点的不同有差异,但与各站位中土壤的重金属分布特征存在正相关性;其中碱蓬内Fe、Mn、Zn、Cu的平均含量相对较高,且Fe、Mn、Ni、Cu、As、Cd、Pb元素在碱蓬根中的平均含量高于茎叶,而Cr在茎中的平均含量最高,Zn和Mo在叶中的含量最高。碱蓬的根、茎、叶对Cd的富集效果最好,其次为Mo、Cu,对Fe、Mn、Zn、As和Pb的富集效果相对较差,说明碱蓬对沉积物中不同金属元素的富集移出率存在差异。金属元素在碱蓬中的转移系数研究表明,Mo、Zn、Cd和Mn等元素可由根部转移到叶中,而Fe、Ni、Pb、As和Cu等金属元素固定在根部,该研究可为利用碱蓬修复湿地重金属污染提供理论基础。     

食用菌中微量元素分析及营养价值与食品安全评价

建立了微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法,测定香菇、金针菇、白玉菇、杏鲍菇和茶树菇5种食用菌中必需微量元素(Mg、Ca、V、Cr、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、Se、Sr)和有害元素(As、Cd、Pb)的含量。以微量元素为指标,评价5种食用菌的营养价值和食用安全性。结果表明,5种食用菌均含有丰富Mg、Ca、Cr、Mn、Fe、Cu、Zn,及少量V、Co、Ni、Se、Sr、As、Cd和Pb,且重金属As、Cd和Pb含量均低于国家标准(GB7096-2003)中关于食用菌规定的总量,食用安全。统计回归分析表明,香菇与其它4种食用菌同属真菌,因此微量元素含量相关系数R0.6,但P值均大于0.05,说明微量元素含量因科属的不同而有较大差异,但影响不显著。     

万宁小海表层沉积物中重金属物质的空间分布特征及生态风险分析

为了解万宁小海海域表层沉积物重金属污染状况,2020年5月在小海潟湖采集18个沉积物样品,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）同时测定5种重金属含量,采用原子荧光光度计测定总汞和砷,并分析归纳出重金属分布特征。采用Hakanson的潜在生态风险指数法识别小海表层沉积物潜在生态风险程度,以及运用富集系数和地累积法进一步评价小海表层沉积物重金属的污染程度。结果表明：Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、Hg和As含量平均值分别为7.26 mg/kg、27.08 mg/kg、75.06 mg/kg、0.16 mg/kg、38.43 mg/kg、0.054 mg/kg、4.66 mg/kg,均符合第一类海洋沉积物质量标准。7种元素的潜在生态风险程度依序为Hg＞Cd＞Pb＞As＞Cu＞Cr＞Zn,其中Hg和Cd为主要潜在生态危害因子,其综合潜在生态风险等级已达到中等级风险;富集系数评价和地质累积系数评价污染程度依次为：Cd＞Hg＞Pb＞Zn＞Cr＞As＞Cu;表层沉积物中TOC 含量与 Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd 和 Cr 含量具存在显著正相关,与粒度呈一定的负相关。     

湖南长沙城市土壤地质环境综合评价

对长沙市土壤重金属Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、Hg、As污染现状进行了调查与评价。结果表明,长沙市110个样本中总体Cd、Cr污染程度已经属于重污染,Zn、As属于中污染,Cu、Pb、Hg属于轻度污染;不同母岩类型土壤中泥盆纪砂页岩、新生代沉积物、花岗岩的重金属含量较高。     

藏药材白花龙胆花中微量元素的分析

对藏药材白花龙胆花中17种微量元素（Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn、Co、Ni、Se、Cr、Mg、Ca、K、Na、P、As、Hg、Pb、Cd）的含量作了测定。结果表明,白花龙胆花中含有较高的人体必需微量元素和常量元素,其中常量元素K、Ca、Na、Mg和微量元素Zn、Fe、Mn的含量均较高。     

藏药材铁棒锤的微量元素含量分析

目的研究藏药材铁棒锤的微量元素含量。方法使用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICPMS)测定藏药材铁棒锤药材中As、Hg、Pb、Cd含量,使用原子吸收光谱仪(火焰法、石墨炉法)测定药材中Zn、Mn、Cr、Fe、Ca、K、Cu元素的含量并进行分析。结果铁棒锤中有害元素As、Hg、Pb、Cd含量较低,Cu、Fe等有益元素含量较高。结论藏药材铁棒锤有丰富的微量元素,具有较高的开发利用价值。     

Furyl- and thienyl-silatranes and germatranes

We review our research on the synthesis and study of the physical and biological properties of furyl- and thienylgermatranes and -silatranes.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 725–732, June, 1992.     

Review and patents and literature

The use of the insect cell/baculovirus expression system for producing recombinant proteins of bacterial, plant, insect, and mammalian origin has become widespread. The popularity of this eukaryotic expression system is due to many factors, including (1) potentially high protein expression levels, (2) ease and speed of genetic engineering, (3) ability to accommodate large DNA inserts, (4) protein processing similar to higher eukaryotic cells (e.g., mammalian cells), and (5) ease of insect cell growth (e.g., suspension growth). The following review of the literature discusses two engineering aspects of recombinant protein synthesis by insect cell cultures: bioreactor scale-up and insect cell line selection. Following this review patent abstracts and additional literature pertaining to expression of recombinant proteins in insect cell culture are listed.     

Ground- and excited-state aromaticity and antiaromaticity in benzene and cyclobutadiene

The aromaticity and antiaromaticity of the ground state (S 0), lowest triplet state (T 1), and first singlet excited state (S 1) of benzene, and the ground states (S 0), lowest triplet states (T 1), and the first and second singlet excited states (S 1 and S 2) of square and rectangular cyclobutadiene are assessed using various magnetic criteria including nucleus-independent chemical shifts (NICS), proton shieldings, and magnetic susceptibilities calculated using complete-active-space self-consistent field (CASSCF) wave functions constructed from gauge-including atomic orbitals (GIAOs). These magnetic criteria strongly suggest that, in contrast to the well-known aromaticity of the S 0 state of benzene, the T 1 and S 1 states of this molecule are antiaromatic. In square cyclobutadiene, which is shown to be considerably more antiaromatic than rectangular cyclobutadiene, the magnetic properties of the T 1 and S 1 states allow these to be classified as aromatic. According to the computed magnetic criteria, the T 1 state of rectangular cyclobutadiene is still aromatic, but the S 1 state is antiaromatic, just as the S 2 state of square cyclobutadiene; the S 2 state of rectangular cyclobutadiene is nonaromatic. The results demonstrate that the well-known "triplet aromaticity" of cyclic conjugated hydrocarbons represents a particular case of a broader concept of excited-state aromaticity and antiaromaticity. It is shown that while electronic excitation may lead to increased nuclear shieldings in certain low-lying electronic states, in general its main effect can be expected to be nuclear deshielding, which can be substantial for heavier nuclei.     

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能李悦生，丁孟贤，徐纪平（浙江大学高分子科学与工程研究所，杭州，３１００２７）（中国科学院长春应用化学研究所）关键词聚醚酰亚胺，聚酯酰亚胺，膜，透气性通常的聚酰亚胺加工性能较差，在芳环二酐的苯环间引入醚键等柔性基团后，其...     

Determination and study on residue and dissipation of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil

A QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method for the determination of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry has been developed in this study. The residue and dissipation of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil were determined with the developed method. The half-lives of benazolin-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 3.7–5.1 days and 14.3–26.3 days, respectively. The half-lives of quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 5.0-6.1 days and 0.3–9.7 days, respectively. The residue of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rapeseed and soil were below the detection limit (i.e., 0.5?mg?kg^?1, the maximum residue level of European Union for quizalofop-p-ethyl).