MoO_4~(2-)与WO_4~(2-)的分离

研究了WO2-4、MoO2-4在Fe（OH）3上的吸附行为及其规律；揭示了WO2-4／MoO2-4分离的最佳条件；得出了MoO2-4在Fe（OH）3上的吸附符合Frendlich方程，具体表达式为г＝229c0.25，Wo2-4在Fe（OH）3上的吸附不符合一般的吸附规律，可能形成了钨铁化合物。     

Ni~（2＋）、Fe~（2＋）和H_2PO_2~－、H_2PO_3~－在悬汞电极上的电化学行为

采用循环伏安法研究了Ｎｉ２＋、Ｆｅ２＋、Ｈ２ＰＯ２－Ｈ２ＰＯ３－在悬汞电极上的电化学行为以及Ｈ２ＰＯ２－、Ｈ２ＰＯ３－在ＫＣＬ支持电解质中的还原机理，对电沉积Ｎｉ—Ｆｅ—Ｐ非晶态合金中磷的沉积机理有进一步的认识。     

水质分析中游离CO_2、Cl~-和HC_3~-、Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)的连续滴定

地质水样数量大,为此,本文作者设计了游离CO_2、Cl~-的连续滴定和HCO_3~-、Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)的连续滴定两个方案,试验结果表明均达到了快速之目的,符合地质矿产部颁发的技术管理要求。     

H_2O_2和Fe~(3+)处理含甲醛有机废水的研究

本研究以含甲醛有机废水为对象,采用双氧水和三价铁对其进行处理,以达到技术上可行、经济上合理的目的。主要研究了H_2O_2、Fe~(3+)处理含甲醛有机废水的反应机理和影响因素。试验结果表明各影响因素的适宜条件为:在原水甲醛浓度约为1800 mg/L时,处理100 mL的废水水样,反应温度50℃,反应时间30 min,pH=3,H_2O_2投加量为1.20 mL,Fe_2(SO_4)_3的投加量为0.2 g。此时甲醛的去除率达到96%。     

降解壳聚糖与水杨醛改性衍生物对Ca~(2+)、Fe~(3+)的螯合性质

过氧化氢对壳聚糖氧化降解反应适宜条件为:温度70～80℃;pH=4～7;w(H2O2)=5%。对降解产物(CTS′)与水杨醛进行化学改性得相应衍生物S CTS′(H)、S CTS′(Na)和还原产物RS CTS′(H)、RS CTS′(Na)。在pH=10～11的水溶液中对Ca2+的螯合(吸附)能力为RS CTS′(Na)∽S CTS′(Na)>RS CTS′(H)∽S CTS′(H)。同时给出S CTS′(H)在c(HCl)=0 10mol/L的介质中对Fe3+螯合的UV吸收光谱。     

离子色谱法同时测定水源地中F~-、CI~-、NO_2~-、PO_4~(3-)、NO_3~-五种阴离子

建立了用单柱阴离子色谱测定水源地水中的F-、CI-、NO-2、PO43-、NO3-五种阴离子的方法。采用NJ-SA-4A阴离子交换柱、0.35mmol/LNaCO3和0.05mmol/LNaHCO3混合溶液为流动相、电导检测器在11min内完成五种阴离子的测定。该法具有良好的线性相关性和重复性(相对标准偏差2.18-4.33%),回收率为93-109.5%。方法简便实用,用于实际样品分析,所得结果令人满意。     

氨水中Fe~ (2+)、Fe~(3+)含量的控制及分析方法

介绍了氨水中Ｆｅ２＋、Ｆｅ３＋含量的控制指标及其分析原理和分析方法     

高吸水树脂吸附Mg~(2+)和Fe~(3+)的研究

在不同浓度的氯化镁和硝酸铁溶液中加入高吸水树脂,通过自然吸附的作用,经一定时间后,用火焰原子吸收分光光度计测定吸附后溶液的吸光度,确定溶液放入高吸水树脂后的Mg2+和Fe3+的浓度,从而计算出高吸水树脂对Mg2+和Fe3+的吸附量。结果表明:当溶液浓度为400~600μg/ml时高吸水树脂吸收Mg2+较多;当溶液浓度达到400ug/mL时,高吸水树脂对Fe3+的吸附基本达到平衡。     

壳聚糖沉淀分离灵芝多糖的研究

研究高分子絮凝剂壳聚糖沉淀分离灵芝多糖及其与氢氧化钙复合使用分离灵芝多糖的工艺条件。结果表明:单组分壳聚糖不能沉淀分离灵芝水提液中的多糖,它与氢氧化钙复合使用,先在水提液中加入氢氧化钙,使灵芝多糖与氢氧化钙形成复合物,再加入壳聚糖水溶液,进一步架桥絮凝可应用于灵芝多糖的分离,沉淀分离的最佳温度为45℃。     

Fe~(3+)、Eu~(3+)共掺纳米TiO_2光催化降解N-(2-苯并咪唑基)-氨基甲酸甲酯

采用溶胶-凝胶-微波法制备Fe3+、Eu3+共掺杂纳米TiO2(Fe/Eu-TiO2),并通过紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)、荧光光谱(FS)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、比表面积测定(BET)等手段对其进行表征。结果表明:在500℃氮气保护下退火制得的Fe/Eu-TiO2为锐钛矿相纳米颗粒,平均粒径为20—50 nm;对可见光的响应范围为370—770 nm。光催化降解N-(2-苯并咪唑基)-氨基甲酸甲酯(多菌灵)的实验表明,Fe3+、Eu3+共掺杂对TiO2光催化表现出协同增效作用,在可见光下能产生更多的羟基自由基,对多菌灵降解速率常数kapp为0.046 66 min-1,大于分别单掺Fe3+和Eu3+的TiO2纳米粒子。     

Separation of Uranium from Aqueous Solutions Using Al3+‐ and Fe3+‐modified Titanium‐ and Zirconium Phosphates

Abstract

The ability of four amorphous Al³⁺‐ and Fe³⁺‐doped titanium and zirconium sorbents to separate U(VI) from acidic aqueous solutions (pH_init=3, ionic strength 0.1 M established by NaNO₃) was investigated using a batch technique and instrumental neutron activation analysis. All investigated sorbents were found to be chemically stable and remove considerable amounts of uranium from acidic aqueous solutions (pH_init=3). The scanning electron microscopic and powder‐X‐ray diffraction examination of the grains of the two investigated titanium phosphates after contacting the uranium solutions revealed the formation of sodium autunite (Na₂(UO₂)₂(PO₄)₂ · 6‐8H₂O) accompanied, in the case of the Fe³⁺‐doped titanium phosphate, by iron uranyl phosphate hydroxide hydrate (Fe(UO₂)₂(PO₄)₂(OH) · 7H₂O). No crystal formation was observed in the cases of uranium sorbed by zirconium phosphates indicating the different sorption mechanism involved.     

快速测定磷酸(氢)钙中磷含量

本方法适合于pH4．2时水溶性的磷酸盐中磷含量的测定、磷酸（氢）钙中磷含量的测定。     

Absorption Spectra of Some Alkali Borate Glasses Containing NiO or Fe2O3 or Mixed NiO + Fe2O3

The absorption spectra of a numbers of alkali borate glasses containing nickel oxide, ferric oxide or both nickel and ferric oxides together were studied to obtain information on their structure. The experimental results were obtained analyzed and explained by assuming that nickel exists in glass as divalent nickel ions in two different states of coordination octahedral and tetrahedral while iron exists in glass as ferric and ferrous states in two different forms, octahedral and tetrahedral according to the amount of the alkali oxide content. It was found that the change in the values of position and intensity of absorption bands may change as the result to the increased d-p orbital mixing which is related presumably to the lower ligand field strength at highest alkali oxide content.     

双波长分光光度法测定自来水中Fe2+和Fe3+的含量

采用双波长分光光度法测定 Fe2 和 Fe3 的方法 ,结果表明 ,在 λ1 =4 0 0 nm,λ2 =5 4 2 nm处 ,显色时间在 6 0 min～ 80 min,p H =4～ 5时能联合测定水中 Fe2 和 Fe3 ,其结果具有较高的精密度和准确度。     

硫酸锌溶液脱除钙镁试验及生产应用

某硫酸锌生产厂,由于原料氧化锌矿中钙镁含量较高,用硫酸浸出后的硫酸锌溶液中钙镁含量也较高,导致生产的硫酸锌产品钙镁含量偏高,主含量偏低,影响了硫酸锌产品质量。对氢氟酸沉淀法脱除硫酸锌溶液中的钙镁离子进行了试验研究及生产应用。用氢氟酸作为沉淀剂,在较低温度和较高pH条件下可有效脱除硫酸锌溶液中的钙镁离子,并能控制氟在溶液中的累积,使制得的硫酸锌产品质量得以提高。     

Transformation of Brushite (CaHPO4·2H2O) to Whitlockite (Ca9Mg(HPO4)(PO4)6) or Other CaPs in Physiologically Relevant Solutions

Brushite (dicalcium phosphate dihydrate, DCPD, CaHPO₄·2H₂O) and whitlockite [WH, Ca₉Mg(HPO₄)(PO₄)₆] are usually found in the mammalian metabolism in the form of diverse pathological calcifications, dental calculi, urinary tract stones, salivary gland deposits, cardiovascular or pulmonary calcified deposits, and even as prostate or cartilage calcifications. The hydrothermal transformation of synthetic brushite crystals into single‐phase whitlockite, octacalcium phosphate, or apatitic calcium phosphate was observed over the time period of 1 to 21 d and at 37°C, 70°C, and 115°C in nonstirred physiologically relevant solutions developed for this work. The strong influence of the physiologically relevant ions such as Mg²⁺ and HCO₃^? on hydrothermal transformations is exposed. The formation of the nanoglobules and nanofibrils of X‐ray amorphous calcium phosphate or Mg‐doped calcium phosphate on the surfaces of brushite crystals are observed for the first time in biomimetic solutions containing 10 mm Mg²⁺ and/or 27 mm HCO₃^?. The experimental conditions leading to the formation of such nanofibrils on brushite crystal surfaces are also found to stop the further transformation of brushite into any other calcium phosphate (CaP) phases even at high solution temperatures. Samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and powder X‐ray diffraction.     

掺杂铁离子和铜离子的TiO2光催化剂的研究

利用钛酸正四丁酯水解制备了几种不同浓度的TiO2胶体,在降解甲基橙后发现,R（乙醇与水物质的量比）值为1／50的0．01mol／L TiO2胶体降解效果最好。在不同的pH值、反应温度、搅拌速度下制备了同时掺杂铁离子和铜离子的R值为1／50的0．01mol／L TiO2胶体,通过光降解甲基橙,发现pH值、反应温度、搅拌速度和掺杂离子浓度对TiO2胶体的形态、掺杂效果和光催化活性均有影响。对比纯TiO2胶体的光降解甲基橙效果发现,掺杂铁离子和铜离子的TiO2光催化剂在pH值2．0、低搅拌速度、室温情况下,具有更好的光催化活性。     

Phase Transformation in Ca3(PO4)2:Eu2+ via the Controlled Quenching and Increased Eu2+ Content: Identification of New Cyan‐Emitting α‐Ca3(PO4)2:Eu2+ Phosphor

A case of phosphor is reported where the cooling rate parameter significantly influences the luminescence property. By quenching the sample after the high‐temperature solid‐state reaction at 1250°C, we successfully prepared the Eu²⁺‐doped α form Ca₃(PO₄)₂ (α‐TCP:Eu²⁺) as a new kind of bright cyan‐emitting phosphor. The unusual emission color variation (from cyan to blue) depends on the cooling rate after sintering and Eu²⁺ doping level as it was observed in the TCP‐based phosphors. By the Rietveld analysis, it is revealed that the cyan‐ and blue‐emitting phosphors are two different TCP forms crystallizing in the monoclinic (space group P2₁/a, α‐TCP) and the rhombohedral structure (space group R3c, β‐TCP), respectively. Upon 365 nm UV light excitation, α‐TCP:Eu²⁺ exhibits an asymmetric broad‐band cyan emission peaking at 480 nm, while β‐TCP:Eu²⁺ displays a relatively narrow‐band blue emission peaking at 416 nm. The Eu²⁺‐doping in Ca₃(PO₄)₂ shifts the upper temperature limit of the stable structural range of β form from 1125°C to ≥1250°C. Moreover, the crystal structures of α/β‐TCP:Eu²⁺ were compared in the aspects of compactness and cation site sets. The emission thermal stability of α/β‐TCP:Eu²⁺ was comparatively characterized and the difference was related to the specific host structural features.