酿酒酵母海藻糖合成酶基因的克隆和在大肠村菌中的表达

用PCR方法克隆了1．5kb的酿酒母Sacchromyces cerevisiae海藻糖合成酶基因TPSI,将该片段连接到pUC19载体,通过转化分别引入海藻糖合成酶基因缺失和缺陷的大肠杆菌Escherichia coli FF4169 和FF4050,对转化株的质粒DNA酶切分析表明均含有1．5kb PCR克隆片段,生长曲线实验证明,带有克隆片段的转化株在含0．5mol/L NaCl的高渗透压基础培养基中生长良好;用高效液相色谱（HPLC）结合蒸发散射（ELSD）技术测定细胞内海藻糖实验证明转化株能够合成海藻糖。     

林肯链霉菌谷氨酰胺合成酶的酶学性质

在分离纯化的基础上,报道了pH、温度和金属离子对林肯链霉菌(Streptomyceslincolnensis)Z-512谷氨酸胺合成酶(GS)活力的影响及GS底物专一性的研究结果.在动力学性质的研究中,发现林肯链霉菌GS在生物合成反应系统中,对底物NH_4CI的饱和曲线不遵守米氏方程.Hill作图呈两相曲线.在NH_4CI浓度低的情况下,Hill系数大于1,具有正协同效应;当NH_4CI浓度增加到一定程度时,Hill系数小于1,具有负协同效应.这说明NH_4CI不仅作为林肯链霉菌GS的底物,而且作为一种效应物调节GS的活性.林肯链霉菌GS对底物Glu及ATP的饱和曲线遵守米氏方程.在不同的激活离子存在下,GS对Glu、ATP的Km值也不同.     

甜瓜海藻糖-6-磷酸合成酶基因鉴定及表达

为了明确甜瓜海藻糖-6-磷酸合成酶基因(CmTPS)家族信息及对逆境信号的响应,该研究采用生物信息学方法,通过拟南芥TPS家族基因与甜瓜基因组数据库比对,从甜瓜基因组中共鉴定出7个海藻糖-6-磷酸合成酶基因,按照其在染色体上的位置分别命名为CmTPS1~7。系统进化分析结果显示,CmTPS4和CmTPS7为第1类,二者均含有16个内含子,推测其编码产物均具有海藻糖-6-磷酸合成酶(TPS)活性;其余5个CmTPS基因归为第2类,分别含有2~4个内含子;在这7个甜瓜TPS中,除CmTPS3只有TPS结构域外,其余CmTPS都含有TPS、TPP及UDP-forming结构域;蛋白序列比对结果显示,甜瓜TPS家族各成员间相似性较低(15.90%~57.31%);亚细胞定位预测表明,CmTPS1、CmTPS2和CmTPS6定位在细胞核内,其余4个CmTPS定位在细胞质内。qRTPCR表达分析表明,低温胁迫下甜瓜叶片可能以CmTPS4为主要的TPS编码基因;CmTPS基因家族对盐胁迫较为敏感,同时在ABA信号传递中起调控作用。这为进一步研究甜瓜TPS基因家族奠定了基础。     

酿酒酵母海藻糖—６—磷酸合成酶基因克隆及植物表达载体的构建

从耐热性极强的酿酒酵母菌株ＡＳ２．１４１６中分离纯化出总ＲＮＡ和mRNA,以ＡＭＶ逆录酶合成cDNA,采用保守引物,从该cDNA中扩增克隆出tps1基因,对该基因的全序列分析表明,该基因含有１５０７个核苷酸,与国外报道相关基因的同源性达９９．６５。利用ＢamＨⅠSacⅠ切点将tps1基因插入植物表达载体pBin438多克隆位点上,得到tps1基因植物表达载体重组质粒。     

酿酒酵母海藻糖-6-磷酸合成酶基因克隆及植物表达载体的构建

从耐热性极强的酿酒酵母菌株AS21416中分离纯化出总RNA和mRNA,以AMV逆转录酶合成cDNA,采用保守引物,从该cDNA中扩增克隆出tps1基因,对该基因的全序列分析表明,该基因含有1507个核苷酸,与国外报道相关基因的同源性达99.6%。利用BamHⅠ和SacⅠ切点将tps1基因插入植物表达载体pBin438多克隆位点上,得到tps1基因植物表达载体重组质粒。     

谷氨酸棒杆菌海藻糖合成酶基因的克隆及功能鉴定

利用生物信息学手段,在GenBank数据库进行氨基酸的同源性检索分析,发现来自谷氨酸棒杆茵(Corynebacterium glutamicum)一功能未确定的ORF序列被注释为假设的海藻糖酶(putative trehalose sesynthase),它与已报道的海藻糖合成酶的氨基酸序列有60％以上的同源性。本研究把这段ORF克隆到大肠杆茵进行表达及进行功能鉴定。实验表明这段ORF序列为一新的海藻糖合成酶基因,其表达产物能将麦芽糖分子转化成海藻糖分子。重组酶性质的初步研究表明重组酶在pH7．0～7．5,30℃转化麦芽糖效率最高。     

Pseudomonas putida S1海藻糖合成酶基因在大肠杆菌中的克隆表达

利用PCR和TA克隆方法扩增和克隆得到了恶臭假单胞菌Pseudomonas putida S1的海藻糖合成酶基因treS.对其进行序列分析表明,其编码区含有2067bp,编码含688个氨基酸残基的蛋白质,其核苷酸序列和蛋白质序列与来源于其它假单胞菌属细菌的海藻糖合成酶的序列表现出了较高同源性.将该基因序列与表达载体pQE30T连接,构建重组质粒pQE30T-TS,并将其转化至E.coli M15菌株中.重组菌株经诱导表达后SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳结果显示有明显的分子量约77.5kD的特异蛋白条带出现.经测定酶活力达19U/mL,约是原始菌株P.putida S1的50倍.     

天蓝色链霉菌海藻糖合酶的异源表达、活性分析及重组菌全细胞转化合成海藻糖的条件优化

从天蓝色链霉菌Streptomyces coelicolor克隆得到海藻糖合酶基因 (ScTreS),在大肠杆菌Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) 中进行了异源表达,通过 Ni-NTA 亲和柱对表达产物进行分离纯化得到纯酶,经 SDS-PAGE 测定其分子量约为62.3 kDa。研究其酶学性质发现该酶最适温度35 ℃;最适pH 7.0,对酸性条件比较敏感。通过同源建模和序列比对分析,对该基因进行定点突变。突变酶K246A比酶活比野生酶提高了1.43倍,突变酶A165T相对提高了1.39倍,海藻糖转化率分别提高了14%和10%。利用突变体重组菌K246A进行全细胞转化优化海藻糖的合成条件并放大进行5 L罐发酵,结果表明：在麦芽糖浓度300 g/L、初始反应温度和pH分别为35 ℃和7.0的条件下,转化率最高达到71.3%,产量为213.93 g/L;当底物浓度增加到700 g/L时,海藻糖产量仍可达到465.98 g/L。     

灰色链霉菌胰蛋白酶在变铅青链霉菌中的异源表达及酶学性质分析

胰蛋白酶作为一种重要的丝氨酸蛋白酶被广泛应用于食品、医药和皮革等工业领域.本文成功实现了灰色链霉菌来源的胰蛋白编码基因在变铅青链霉菌中的高效活性表达,并对其酶学性质进行分析比较.以灰色链霉菌ATCC10137基因组为模板,获得胰蛋白酶编码基因sprT并克隆至表达质粒pIJ86,成功构建了重组链霉菌工程菌TK24/pIJ86-sprT.以R2YE和SELF为发酵培养基,最高酶活分别达9.21 U/mL和8.61 U/mL.酶学性质分析表明,和牛胰蛋白酶(BT)相比,重组链霉菌胰蛋白酶(rSGT)的耐酸能力强,具有较广的pH;且rSGT对酰胺键具有更高的特异性;此外,Zn2+和有机溶剂分别对rSGT的酯酶活力和酰胺酶活力具有促进作用;本研究结果为rSGT的性质改造以及工业应用提供了依据.     

Pseudomonas putida S1海藻糖合成酶表达质粒的构建及诱导条件优化

采用PCR方法从Pseudomonas putida S1中克隆出编码海藻糖合成酶的基因treS,并与质粒pQE30T相连,构建了表达质粒pQE—TS2。将此重组质粒转化宿主菌E．coliM15进行诱导表达。十二烷基磺酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶SDS—PAGE电泳结果表明,treS基因在大肠杆菌中获得了高效表达。通过对诱导温度、诱导剂浓度、加诱导剂时间和诱导时间的优化研究,在菌液生长至OD600值为0．6时,加入诱导剂IPTG至终浓度0．01mmol／L,20℃诱导20h,蛋白的表达量达到每克干细胞89mg的蛋白,粗酶液酶活达到19U／mL。     

Cloning, Expression and Characterization of a Trehalose Synthase Gene From Rhodococcus opacus

Trehalose is a unique disaccharide capable of protecting proteins against environmental stress. A novel trehalose synthase (TreS) gene from Rhodococcus opacus was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli Top10 and BL21 (DE3) pLysS, respectively. The recombinant TreS showed a molecular mass of 79 kDa. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) result suggested that this enzyme had the ability to catalyze the mutual conversion of maltose and trehalose. Moreover, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) result suggested that glucose appeared as a byproduct with a conversion rate of 12 %. The purified recombinant enzyme had an optimum temperature of 25 °C and pH optimum around 7.0. Kinetic analysis revealed that the K _m for trehalose was around 98 mM, which was a little higher than that of maltose. The preferred substrate of TreS was maltose according to the analysis of k _cat/K _m. Both 1 and 10 mM of Hg²⁺, Cu²⁺ and Al³⁺ could inhibit the TreS activity, while only 1 mM of Ca²⁺ and Mn²⁺ could increase its activity. Five amino acid residues, Asp²⁴⁴, Glu²⁸⁶, Asp³⁵⁴, His¹⁴⁷ and His³⁵³, were shown to be conserved in R. opacus TreS, which were also important for α-amylase family enzyme catalysis.     

耐放射异常球菌海藻糖合成酶基因的克隆及功能鉴定

利用生物信息学手段,在GenBank中进行氨基酸序列的同源性比较分析,检索到来自于耐放射异常球菌（Deinococcus radiodurans）基因组序列中一功能未确定的开放阅读框（ORF）,其氨基酸序列和已报道的海藻糖合成酶的氨基酸序列有约60％的同源性.将这段ORF克隆到大肠杆菌进行表达,并进行功能鉴定.实验表明这段ORF序列所编码的是一种海藻糖合成酶,它能将麦芽糖分子转化成海藻糖分子,以30％的麦芽糖为底物时能将约65％的麦芽糖转化成海藻糖.重组酶性质初步研究表明,在pH 7.0,最佳温度30℃转化麦芽糖效率最高.     

Identification and Characterization of a Novel Trehalose Synthase Gene Derived from Saline-Alkali Soil Metagenomes

A novel trehalose synthase (TreS) gene was identified from a metagenomic library of saline-alkali soil by a simple activity-based screening system. Sequence analysis revealed that TreS encodes a protein of 552 amino acids, with a deduced molecular weight of 63.3 kDa. After being overexpressed in Escherichia coli and purified, the enzymatic properties of TreS were investigated. The recombinant TreS displayed its optimal activity at pH 9.0 and 45 °C, and the addition of most common metal ions (1 or 30 mM) had no inhibition effect on the enzymatic activity evidently, except for the divalent metal ions Zn²⁺ and Hg²⁺. Kinetic analysis showed that the recombinant TreS had a 4.1-fold higher catalytic efficientcy (Kcat/K _m) for maltose than for trehalose. The maximum conversion rate of maltose into trehalose by the TreS was reached more than 78% at a relatively high maltose concentration (30%), making it a good candidate in the large-scale production of trehalsoe after further study. In addition, five amino acid residues, His172, Asp201, Glu251, His318 and Asp319, were shown to be conserved in the TreS, which were also important for glycosyl hydrolase family 13 enzyme catalysis.     

海藻糖合酶产生菌筛选、鉴定及目的基因克隆

目的:为筛选出一株产海藻糖合酶的菌株,并以此菌的全DNA为模板,克隆出产海藻糖合酶的目的基因片段。方法:实验过程中采用了常规筛选菌种、快速提取细菌全基因、显微镜观察菌种、热启动PCR技术、电泳纯化回收基因片段、EcoRⅠ和HindⅢ双酶切鉴定目的基因片段等方法。结果:在电镜下可观察到有芽孢、杆菌;菌株16S rRNA基因扩增产物共计1490个碱基;PCR方法扩增出阳性克隆大约1700bp的基因片段。结论:通过生理、形态、结构特征分析及16S rRNA基因全序列比较得出结论:筛选到一株短小芽孢杆菌;PCR扩增出阳性克隆片段,全长1722bp,为实验所要的编码海藻糖合酶的基因片段。     

Molecular Cloning and Characterization of GhGolS1, a Novel Gene Encoding Galactinol Synthase from Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)

Galactinol synthase (GolS) is a key initial regulatory enzyme in the synthesis of raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs), sugars that play essential roles in plant growth and development. We have cloned the GhGolS1 gene (GenBank accession number: JF813792), which encodes the cotton GolS1 protein by rapid amplification of cDNA ends?Cpolymerase chain reaction (RACE?CPCR). The full-length cDNA is 1,729-bp long and encoded an open reading frame (ORF) of 343 amino acids with a deduced molecular weight of 39.2?kDa. The GhGolS1 protein shared 74?C78% identity at the amino acid level with GolS isolated from Ricinus communis, Populus trichocarpa, Solanum lycopersicum, Arabidopsis thaliana and Capsicum annuum. The corresponding genomic DNA, which contained three exons and two introns, was isolated and analyzed. The 5?? flanking region was also analyzed to identify a group of putative cis-acting elements. DNA gel blot analysis showed that in the cotton genome, the GhGolS gene family contains at least three members. Real-time PCR (RT-PCR) analysis revealed that GhGolS1 is expressed in cotton leaves, anthers and 35 DPA fibers, and its expression level in anthers is much higher than that in leaves and 35 DPA fibers. It was minimally expressed in other tissues. Additionally, the GhGolS1 protein was localized to the cell membrane. On the basis of these results, we propose that GhGolS1 has critical roles in cotton male fertility, fiber quality and seed development.     

粉红黏帚霉糖化酶基因的克隆、表达及酶学性质分析

用黑曲霉(Aspergillusniger)G1为宿主菌表达粉红黏帚霉(Gliocladiumroseum)糖化酶。运用PCR技术从粉红粘帚霉中扩增得到一个疑似糖化酶基因序列(约1.8 kb),并将其连接到载体p Gm上组建成重组质粒p Gm-3440。将重组质粒转化到黑曲霉G1菌株中,经amd S筛选及PCR验证获得表达糖化酶的黑曲霉重组工程菌。重组菌的发酵结果显示,糖化酶基因在黑曲霉中得到了分泌表达,用国标法(QB/T 1803-1993)测得重组糖化酶活性达292 U/m L。进一步对其酶学性质进行分析发现,该重组酶最适温度和p H分别为50℃和5.0,该酶的耐热性较差,p H稳定性较好。     

Cloning,Expression and Characterization of a Lipase Encoding Gene from Human Oral Metagenome

The human oral metagenomic DNA cloned into plasmid pUC19 was used to construct a DNA library in Escherichia coli. Functional screening of 40,000 metagenomic clones led to identification of a clone LIP2 that exhibited halo on tributyrin agar plate. Sequence analysis of LIP2 insert DNA revealed a 939 bp ORF (omlip1) which showed homology to lipase 1 of Acinetobacter junii SH205. The omlip1 ORF was cloned and expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3) using pET expression system. The recombinant enzyme was purified to homogeneity and the biochemical properties were studied. The purified OMLip1 hydrolyzed p-nitrophenyl esters and triacylglycerol esters of medium and long chain fatty acids, indicating the enzyme is a true lipase. The purified protein exhibited a pH and temperature optima of 7 and 37 °C respectively. The lipase was found to be stable at pH range of 6–7 and at temperatures lower than 40 °C. Importantly, the enzyme activity was unaltered, by the presence or absence of many divalent cations. The metal ion insensitivity of OMLip1offers its potential use in industrial processes.     

灰树花海藻糖合成酶基因的克隆及其在大肠杆菌中的表达

海藻糖主要作用是作为生物体的结构组分、以及保护生物膜和保护蛋白质。在灰树花中 ,海藻糖在干重中所占比例最高可达到 1 5 %～ 1 7% ,说明灰树花合成海藻糖的能力很强。将灰树花海藻糖合成酶基因克隆 ,并在大肠杆菌表达系统里表达。表达量为 1 90mg L。通过活性测定 ,证明在大肠杆菌中表达的海藻糖合成酶具有酶活性 ,结合基因工程和酶工程方法 ,为合成海藻糖的研究提供了新的方向     

酿酒葡萄分支酸合成酶基因(VvCS)的克隆与表达分析

本研究以酿酒葡萄(Vitis vinifera)品种赤霞珠(Cabernet Sauvignon)及霞多丽(Chardonnay)为试材,采用in silico克隆和分子克隆相结合的策略,从果实中克隆到分支酸合成酶基因,命名为VvCS。该基因的cDNA编码区全长1312bp,编码436个氨基酸残基,预测其编码蛋白质分子量为46.9kD,等电点为7.8;生物信息学分析显示VvCS的DNA全长7117bp,包含13个外显子和12个内含子,定位于葡萄的第13号染色体上。VvCS编码的蛋白与其它植物来源的分支酸合成酶在氨基酸水平上的同源性为75%左右;实时荧光定量PCR分析表明VvCS在葡萄果实、茎、叶和叶柄组织中均有表达,且在果皮、果肉和种子中的表达变化趋势相似,与盛花后5周的果实相比,盛花后11周果实各部位中VvCS表达丰度均有不同程度增加。