Eu原子4f~76snlRydberg态的研究

利用三步双色共振激发技术和三步三色孤立实激发技术,系统地研究了铕原子在42250—44510 cm~(-1)能域内的光谱特性,提供了该能域内56个束缚高激发态的光谱信息.为了能确定这些态的光谱归属,进行了两方面的探索:第一,观察能否利用孤立实激发技术,把处于这些态上的铕原子进一步共振激发到自电离态,从而推断这些态属于单电子激发的束缚Rydberg态还是属于双电子激发的价态,并对Rydberg态的电子组态进行了光谱确认;第二,通过计算这些态相对于各个电离阈的量子亏损并观察它们分别收敛于哪个电离阈,以便获取其主量子数的信息.最后,设计并采用了三种不同的激发路径,分别将原子布居到同一高激发能域并探测它们在该能域的光电离光谱.通过比较这些光谱的异同并结合上述激发路径所对应的跃迁选择定则,便可惟一地确定这些高激发态的总角动量.研究发现:所探测到的高激发束缚态只有三个属于单电子激发的束缚Rydberg态,其余都是价态.本文确定了这三个Rydberg态的电子组态和原子状态.     

OPTICAL ISOTOPE SHIFTS AND CONFIGURATION MIXING AT THE LEVEL (26772)011/2 IN Nd II

Optical isotope shifts in the transition 4f⁴5d ⁶I_11/2-(26772)⁰_11/2 of Nd II were measured by using collinear fast-ion-beam laser spectroscopy. The configuration admixtures of the previously unclassified (26772)⁰_11/2 level were quantitatively analyzed to be 4f⁴6p, 4f³5d², and 4f³5d6s with mixing probabilities of 13%, 85%, 2%, respectively.     

An optimized ion trap geometry to measure quadrupole shifts of ~(171)Yb~+ clocks

We propose a new ion-trap geometry to carry out accurate measurements of the quadrupole shifts in the ~(171)Yb ion.This trap will minimize the quadrupole shift due to the harmonic component of the confining potential by an order of magnitude.This will be useful to reduce the uncertainties in the clock frequency measurements of the 6s ~2S_(1/2)→4f~(13)6s~2 ~2F_(7/2)and 6s ~2S_(1/2)→5d~2D_(3/2) transitions,from which we can deduce the precise values of the quadrupole moments(0s) of the 4f~(13)6s~2 ~2F_(7/2) and 5d~2D_(3/2) states.Moreover,it may be able to affirm the validity of the measured 0 value of the4f~(13)6s~2~2F_(7/2) state,for which three independent theoretical studies defer almost by one order of magnitude from the measurement.We also calculate 0s using the relativistic coupled-cluster(RCC) method.We use these 0 values to estimate the quadrupole shift that can be measured in our proposed ion trap experiment.     

铥原子收敛于4f13(2F7/2o)6s(7/2,1/2)4o和4f13(2F7/2o)6s(7/2,1/2)3o偶宇称里德伯系列能级的电子关联效应

本文在多通道量子亏损理论框架下,利用相对论多通道理论,计算了铥原子收敛于4f¹³（²F_7/2^o）6s（7/2,1/2）₄^o和4f¹³（²F_7/2^o）6s（7/2,1/2）₃^o的三个偶宇称里德伯系列.通过将计算结果与美国国家标准与技术研究院数据进行比较,展示了两种类型的电子关联效应：1）里德伯系列之间的相互作用,导致里德伯系列的能级出现整体偏移;2）一个孤立的干扰态镶嵌在一个里德伯系列中,破坏了该里德伯系列能级的规则性.     

用同步辐射研究掺Tb3+氟化物K2GdF5的光谱和Gd3+-Tb3+能量传递

对比了不同激发波长下水热法合成的K2GdF5:Tb3+(摩尔分数0.5％)单晶材料的光致发光谱线;监测了5 D3→7F6和5 D4→7 F5的激发谱,给出了几组窄带吸收和3个宽带吸收;分析表明窄带发射为Gd3+的8 S7/2→6FJ、8S7/2→6GJ、8S7/2→6DJ、8S7/2→6IJ的跃迁,宽带发射为Gd3+的...     

铕原子4f76pns系列自电离态的光谱和动力学过程

通过共振激发技术和速度影像法对铕原子4f⁷6pns（n=7,8）自电离态进行了系统性的研究。首先采用三步共振激发技术探测光谱,通过前两步固定波长的激光将铕原子激发到4f⁷6p²态上后扫描第三步激光的波长,使得三步激光的能量总和位于铕原子4f⁷6pns（n=7,8）自电离态能域附近,从而得到该自电离态的光谱;然后采用速度影像法对其动力学过程进行探测,经过数据分析得到铕原子4f⁷6pns（n=7,8）自电离态的衰变分支比和弹射电子的角分布。不仅从光谱中观察到了强烈的组态相互作用并且确定了部分能态的总角动量,从自电离弹射电子角分布中观察到铕原子4f⁷6pns（n=7,8）自电离态复杂的物理机制,还在该能域内观测到了粒子数反转。最后,本文还对孤立实激发技术在探测低n值自电离态光谱的适用性进行了讨论。     

A simple method of observing coherent ground state transients

It is shown that coherence between nondegenerate sublevels of an atomic ground state is efficiently induced by means of a short resonant light pulse. The free precession of the coherence causes beats in forward stattering of a probe beam, which can sensitively be detected by a polarization technique. Zeeman beats on the 4f⁶ 6s²⁷ F₁-4f⁶ 6s6p ⁷F₀ transition of samarium were observed. In sodium vapor transient ground state coherence was detected in a single-shot measurement.     

143,145Nd+4f45d6K9/2→(23229.991)o9/2跃迁超精细结构光谱

利用共线快离子束-激光光谱学方法测量了^143,145Nd⁺⁶K_9/2→(23229.991)^o_9/2跃迁的超精细结构光谱,得到了上、下能级的超精细相互作用常数.     

Vacuum ultraviolet spectroscopy of Pr in CaAl4O7, LaMgAl11O19 and SrLaAlO4

The vacuum ultraviolet spectroscopy of Pr³⁺ doped CaAl₄O₇, LaMgAl₁₁O₁₉ and SrLaAlO₄ is reported. It appears that whenever the aluminate host lattice is excited directly, mainly exciton and 4f²–4f² [³P₀] Pr³⁺ emission are observed. When the excitation energy is lower, Pr³⁺ ions are excited selectively and 4f5d–4f² emission dominates. These observations can be explained by assuming that energy transfer from the host lattice to the Pr³⁺ ion takes place preferentially via an intermediate exciton state with an energy too low to reach the energetic Pr³⁺ 4f5d excited states.     

Nb XIII离子3d94s2, 3d94s4p, 3d94p2 组态能级结构与跃迁的理论研究

用准相对论Hartree-Fock方法对Nb XIII离子二电子激发组态3d⁹4s², 3d⁹4s4p, 3d⁹4p² 的能级结构做了全面系统的理论计算研究.在对已有研究结果分析的基础上, 运用最小二乘方法对径向积分参数进行了优化计算, 得到了与这些组态有关的电偶极允许跃迁的谱线波长和跃迁概率.计算结果与最新的实验值做了对比分析, 表明本文计算结果是准确的. 研究发现, 波长40.92 nm的谱线, 属于3d⁹4s(¹D)4p²F_7/2–3d⁹ (²D)4s^{2 2}D_5/2 的跃迁谱线, 而不属于3d⁹4s (¹D)4p⁴D_7/2–3d⁹(²D)4s^{2 2}D_5/2 的跃迁谱线, 即上谱项能级为²F_7/2, 而不是⁴D_7/2. 关键词： Nb XIII离子 二电子激发组态 谱线波长 跃迁概率     

Dirac R-matrix calculations of photoionization cross sections of Ni XII and atomic structure data of Ni XIII

We performed R-matrix calculations for photoionization cross sections of the two ground state configuration 3s²3p⁵ (²P^o_3/2,1/2) levels and 12 excited states of Ni XII using relativistic Dirac Atomic R-matrix Codes (DARC) across the photon energy range between the ionizations thresholds of the corresponding states and well above the thresholds of the last level of the Ni XIII target ion. Generally, a good agreement is obtained between our results and the earlier theoretical photoionization cross sections. Moreover, we have used two independent fully relativistic GRASP and FAC codes to calculate fine-structure energy levels, wavelengths, oscillator strengths, transitions rates among the lowest 48 levels belonging to the configuration (3s²3p⁴, 3s3p⁵, 3p⁶, 3s²3p³3d) in Ni XIII. Additionally, radiative lifetimes of all the excited states of Ni XIII are presented. Our results of the atomic structure of Ni XIII show good agreement with other theoretical and experimental results available in the literature. A good agreement is found between our calculated lifetimes and the experimental ones. Our present results are useful for plasma diagnostic of fusion and astrophysical plasmas.     

OPTICAL ISOTOPE SHIFTS OF Nd II (25524)011/2 USING COLLINEARFAST-ION-BEAM LASER SPECTROSCOPY

Fast-ion-beam laser spectroscopy which has the characteristics of selective excitation and high accurate measurement was widely used to study isotope shifts, radioactive lifetimes, and hyperfine structures of atoms and ions. In this work, the optical isotope shifts for the transition 4f⁴5d⁶K_13/2-(25524)⁰_13/2 in Nd II were measured by using collinear fast-ion-beam lase r spectroscopy.     

Visible quantum cutting via downconversion in LiGdF4 : Er, Tb upon Er 4f→4f5d excitation

Visible quantum cutting (the emission of two photons of visible light per absorbed photon) is reported for LiGdF₄ codoped with Er³⁺ and Tb³⁺. In this compound visible quantum cutting is achieved through downconversion, i.e., by making use of energy transfer between different lanthanide ions. Upon VUV excitation in the 4f¹⁰5d levels of Er³⁺, part of the excitation energy can be transferred to Gd³⁺ by cross-relaxation, yielding both Er³⁺ and Gd³⁺ in an excited state. This is followed by the emission of two visible photons: one from Er³⁺ due to the ⁴S_3/2→⁴I_15/2 transition, and, after energy transfer from Gd³⁺ to Tb³⁺, one from Tb³⁺ due to the ⁵D_J→⁷F_J transition. It is shown that this process occurs, next to other energy transfer processes from the Er³⁺ 4f¹⁰5d states to Gd³⁺ yielding only one visible photon.     

低速Xe~(q+)(4≤q≤20)离子与Ni表面碰撞中的光辐射

实验中测量了0.38V_(Bohr)(460 keV)高电荷态Xe~(q+)(4≤q≤20)离子轰击高纯Ni表面发射的400-510 nm光谱.实验结果包括NiⅠ原子谱线,NiⅡ离子谱线,以及入射离子中性化发射的XeⅠ,XeⅡ和XeⅢ谱线.研究了谱线XeⅡ410.419,XeⅢ430.444,XeⅡ434.200,XeⅡ486.254,NiⅠ498.245,NiⅠ501.697,NiⅠ503.502,NiⅠ505.061和NiⅠ508.293 nm的光子产额随着入射离子电荷态的变化.结果表明,入射离子中性化和溅射Ni原子发射谱线的光子产额随着入射离子电荷态的增加而增加,其趋势与入射离子势能一致.     

Optical pumping of the 2p3sP0 State of Ne (I = 3/2): g factor and metastability exchange cross section

A C.W. multi-mode dye laser is used to obtain by optical pumping an orientation of the 2p⁵ 3s³P₀ (F = 3/2) state of ²¹Ne. A magnetic resonance experiment leads to the measurement of the g factor g (³P₀) = 3.027 (8) × 10⁻⁴ to be compared with the theoretical prediction (3.025(6) × 10⁻⁴). One obtains also the metastability exchange cross section σ(³P₀) = 18.4 ± 4 Ų for collisions between metastable (³P₀) Ne atoms and ground state Ne atoms. This result is compared with other measurements and theoretical evaluation.     

Hg~+离子5d~(10)6s ~2S_(1/2)→5d~96s~2 ~2D_(5/2)钟跃迁同位素位移和超精细结构的理论研究

本文首先在Dirac-Hartree-Fock近似下理论评估了Hg~+离子5d~(10)6s ~2S_(1/2)→5d~96s~2 ~2D_(5/2)钟跃迁的质量位移(mass shift, MS)和场位移(field shift, FS)在其同位素位移(isotope shift, IS)中的相对贡献,发现MS远小于FS而可以被忽略.在此基础上,通过系统地考虑该原子体系中主要的电子关联效应,计算了这条钟跃迁FS的精确值以及涉及到的上下两个能级的超精细结构常数,并得到了几种稳定汞同位素离子该跃迁的IS和超精细结构分裂.其中,计算的~(199)Hg~+和~(198)Hg~+离子之间的钟跃迁频率偏移与已有实验测量值相比误差为2%左右.最终,本文给出了汞离子7种常见同位素该谱线的绝对频率值,为实验上的谱线测量提供了有效的理论依据.     

Optical properties and local structure of Eu-doped synthetic analogue of the microporous titanosilicate mineral sitinakite

The synthetic analogue of the microporous titanosilicate mineral sitinakite has been hydrothermally synthesized and used as a host in the preparation of a new photoluminescent material. The inclusion of Eu³⁺ in the pores of the sitinakite doubles the unit cell volume and changes the symmetry of the initial sodium phase. The Eu³⁺-doped material displays a stable room temperature emission ascribed to the Eu³⁺ intra-4f^{6 5}D₀→⁷F₀₋₄ transitions, with a maximum external quantum yield of 6%. The observation of two components for the non-degenerated ⁵D₀→⁷F₀ transition, the local field splitting of the ⁵D₀→⁷F₁₋₂ transitions, and the ⁵D₀ emission decay curves point out the presence of two optically active Eu³⁺ sites. Possible structural distribution of the detected Eu³⁺ cations is discussed.     

Ce3+离子激活的SrB4O7的VUV光谱

Ce³⁺只有一个4f电子,具有最简单的4f¹5d⁰基态结构,其激发光谱直接反映了5d轨道的能量状态。由于同一基质晶格相同格位上不同稀土离子受基质晶体场影响相近,所以根据Ce³⁺离子的光谱可以推测和分析其他稀土离子的5d轨道能量,是研究其他稀土离子f-d跃迁的基础。采用高温固相法合成了Ce³⁺离子激活的SrB₄O₇发光体,测定了样品在130~350nm波长范围的激发光谱和相应的发射光谱。指认了VUV激发光谱上Ce³⁺离子的5个4f¹→4f⁰5d¹跃迁激发带,讨论了SrB₄O₇的基质吸收带和Ce³⁺的5d轨道在SrB₄O₇中的晶体场劈裂、5d轨道能级重心及SrB₄O₇:Ce³⁺的发射光谱和Stokes位移。     

真空紫外区Ar的高次离化光谱的研究

本文报道了波长在2000—194?真空紫外区域内Ar的高次离化光谱工作。观察到相当数量的新谱线,并归属了其中64条,还找到六个新能级,即:ArIV 3s²3p²(³P)3d²F_5/2,7/2, ArIV 3s²3p²(¹D)3d²S_1/2, ArV3s²3p3d关键词：     

Na_2~+离子较低电子态势能曲线和光谱常数的理论研究

通过多组态相互作用方法,结合原子有效芯势与极化势,利用非收缩的高斯基函数,计算了Na_2~+分子对应最低9个解离限的36个电子态的势能曲线.基于计算获得的束缚态势能曲线,拟合给出了相应的光谱常数,并与已有的实验和理论结果进行了比较.同时,给出了部分电子态的振动-转动能级和一些同类态避免交叉点的信息.计算获得的光谱信息对冷原子分子光谱与动力学的研究具有参考价值.