Influence of deposition voltage on phase, microstructure and antioxidation property of cristobalite aluminum phosphate coatings

Cristobalite aluminum phosphate (C-AlPO4) coatings were prepared by a hydrothermal electrophoretic deposition process on SiC-coated C/C composites. Phase compositions and microstructures of the as-prepared coatings were characterized by XRD and SEM analyses. The influence of deposition voltage on the phase, microstructure and antioxidation property of the cristobalite aluminum phosphate coatings was investigated. Results show that the as-prepared coatings are composed of cristobalite aluminum phosphate crystallites. The thickness and density of cristobalite aluminum phosphate coatings are improved with the increase of deposition voltage. The deposition amount and bonding strength of the cristobalite aluminum phosphate coatings also increase with the increase of deposition voltage. The deposition mass per unit area of the coatings and the square root of the deposition time at different hydrothermal voltages satisfy linear relationship. The antioxidation property of the coated C/C composites is improved with the increase of deposition voltage. Compared with SiC coatings prepared by pack cementation, the multilayer coatings prepared by pack cementation with a later hydrothermal electrophoretic deposition process exhibit better antioxidation property. The as-prepared multi-coatings can effectively protect C/C composites from oxidation in air at 1 773 K for 37 h with a mass loss rate of 0.53%.     

沉积温度对C-AlPO_4涂层显微结构的影响

采用水热电泳沉积法在C/C-SiC基体表面制备了方石英型磷酸铝(C-AlPO4)外涂层,借助XRD和SEM对涂层的晶相组成和显微结构进行了表征。研究了沉积温度对C-AlPO4涂层显微结构的影响,讨论了涂层的沉积动力学,进行了抗氧化性能测试。结果表明:353~393 K范围内,沉积温度对涂层的显微结构有较大影响;涂层的沉积量随着温度的升高而增加;涂层的沉积规律受C-AlPO4带电颗粒的向阴极表面扩散迁移所控制;涂层的沉积活化能为21.88kJ/mol;在1 773 K空气气氛氧化37 h后,涂层试样失重仅为0.53%。     

水热温度对碳/碳复合材料表面HAp/壳聚糖生物复合涂层的影响

以声化学法合成的纳米羟基磷灰石(HAp)为起始原料,以异丙醇作为分散介质,采用水热电泳沉积法在经壳聚糖(CS)溶液改性后的碳/碳复合材料(C/C)表面沉积HAp/CS生物复合涂层.重点研究水热温度对复合涂层晶相、形貌的影响及涂层的沉积动力学机理.采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、傅立叶变换红外光谱分析仪(FTIR)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对所制备的涂层进行表征.结果表明:随着水热温度的升高,涂层表面由微晶疏松结合的多孔结构向紧密结合的多孔结构转变,涂层的内聚力增强;涂层的沉积速率随水热温度的升高而增加,涂层的沉积活化能为43.58 kJ/mol.     

高压阳极铝箔制备过程中组织与织构的演变

以高纯铝为原料,通过热轧、中间退火、冷轧和再结晶退火制成0.11 mm厚的高压阳极铝箔,运用光学显微镜和蚀坑法研究了此制备过程中铝箔组织与织构的演变过程.结果表明,伴随着组织的变化,织构的类型也由形变织构变为典型的再结晶织构,且再结晶织构形成机制符合择优生长理论.     

Effects of KMnO4 on microstructure and corrosion resistance of microarc oxidation coatings on 2024 aluminum alloy

Microarc oxidation (MAO) coatings were prepared on 2024 aluminum alloy in a Na_2SiO_3-KOH electrolyte with KMnO_4 addition varying from 0 to 4 g/L. The microstructure and phases of the coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD), respectively. The corrosion resistance of MAO coatings was evaluated by electrochemical potentiodynamic polarization in 5% (mass fraction) NaCl solution. The results show that when KMnO_4 is added into base electrolyte, the growth speed of oxide coatings is increased obviously. The main phase of oxide coatings is Al_2O_3, and the contents of MnO_2 and Mn_2AlO_4 phases are increased at the top of oxide coatings with increasing the concentration of KMnO_4. The solute elements participate in forming the oxide coatings. When a proper concentration of KMnO_4 (2.5 g/L) is added into the base solution, the micropores of the MAO coatings are small and compact, and the corrosion resistance of oxide coatings is increased largely.     

Preparation of bioactive calcium phosphate coating on porous C/C substrate by a novel deposition technique

A novel heat substrate technique, high frequency inductive heat deposition （IHD）, was introduced to coat porous carbon materials, C/C and carbon felt to improve their bioactivity. The morphologies, composition and microstructure of the resulting coatings were examined by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, energy dispersive spectra （EDS）, X-ray diffractometer （XRD） and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR）. The results show that, the calcium phosphate consisted of non-stoichiometric, CO3-containing and plate- like octacalcium phosphate （Ca8-xH2（PO4）6, OCP） could uniformly cover the entire porous surfaces of carbon materials. Good adhesion of the coating to carbon material substrates was observed.     

Influence of rare earth modification and homogenization on the microstructure and mechanical properties of recycled can 3004 aluminum

The microscopic structure of waste can aluminum material was researched by adding Al5TiB refining agent, La-Ce rare earth and mixed rare earth modifiers, and the microstructure and mechanical performance of the modified aluminum material were studied. The experimental results show that the optimal refiner addition amount is 1.1wt%; the material performance can be significantly improved when the content of La-Ce rare earth ranges to a certain degree, but the mixed rare earth barely affects the refinement effect of the aluminum. When being homogenized, the mixed rare earth plays more obvious role in refining the aluminum material than La-Ce rare earth. The optimal plan is modifying the aluminum material with 3wt% mixed rare earth and homogenizing with annealing temperature of 580 ℃, annealing time of 12 hours and heating rate of 5 ℃/min while refining the material with 1.1wt% Al-5Ti-1B.     

Effect of microstructure on the mechanical,thermal, and electronic property measurement ofceramic coatings

Ceramic materials were investigated as thermal barrier coatings and electrolytes. Electrophoretic deposition（EPD） and physical vapor deposition（PVD） were employed to fabricate samples, and the mechanical properties and microstructure were examined by nanoindentation and microscopy, respectively. Yttria-stabilized zirconia/alumina（YSZ/Al2O3） composite coatings, a candidate for thermal barrier coatings, yield a kinky, rather than smooth, load–displacement curve. Scanning electron microscope（SEM） examination reveals that the kinky curve is because of the porous microstructure and cracks are caused by the compression of the indenter. Li0.34La0.51 Ti O2.94（LLTO） on Si/Sr Ru O3（Si/SRO） substrates, an ionic conductor in nature, demonstrates electronic performance. Although SEM images show a continuous and smooth microstructure, a close examination of the microstructure by transmission electron microscopy（TEM） reveals that the observed spikes indicate electronic performance. Therefore, we can conclude that ceramic coatings could serve multiple purposes but their properties are microstructure-dependent.     

焊接材料对7075铝合金焊接性及焊缝组织的影响

为了改善7075铝合金的焊接性并提高焊接接头的力学性能,采用ER4043和ER5356焊丝对7075铝合金进行了焊接.利用万能拉伸试验机和小型维氏硬度计对焊接接头的力学性能进行了检测,利用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪和X射线衍射仪观察并分析了焊接接头的显微组织.结果表明,由ER5356焊丝焊接得到的焊接接头的力学性能高于采用ER4043焊丝的性能.与ER4043焊丝焊缝相比,ER5356焊丝焊缝的晶粒组织较为细小,析出相分布也更加均匀.ER5356焊丝中的Mg元素有利于提高焊接接头的强度,而ER4043焊丝中的Si元素有利于提高7075铝合金的焊接性.     

Effects of Ag on microstructure and mechanical properties of 2519 aluminum alloy

The effects of Ag on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 2519 aluminum alloy were investigated by means of tensile test, micro-hardness test, transmission electron microscope and scanning electron microscope. The results show that the addition of 0.3 % （mass fraction） Ag accelerates 2519 aluminum alloy＇s age-hardening, increases its peak hardness and reduces 4 h of peak aged time at 180 ℃. The addition of 0. 3% （mass fraction） Ag increses the tensile strength at room temperature and elevated temperature. This increment at room temperature and 200 ℃ is 24 MPa and 78 MPa, respectively. In contrast, the elongation of 2519 aluminum alloy is decreased with Ag addition. The increase of tensile strength of 2519 aluminum alloy with Ag addition is attributed to the high volume fraction of Ω phase.     

原位自生Sip/ZA40复合材料的组织及性能研究

采用原位自生铸造法制备了ZA40-1.5wt%Si、ZA40-3.0wt%Si、ZA40-4.5wt%Si和ZA40-6.0wt%Si合金,获得了Si颗粒分布均匀、尺寸细小、形貌规则的锌基复合材料。分析了复合材料的组织形貌,检测了复合材料的硬度和冲击性能。研究结果表明：高铝锌合金加入硅后,随着硅含量的增多,Si除了在组织中形成共晶硅相外,还析出初晶硅;随着硅含量的增加初晶硅相数量增多,合金的硬度提高,冲击韧性下降。     

再结晶退火对稀土铝箔组织与织构的影响

由铈的质量分数0.004 8%的稀土铝锭均匀化退火、热轧、冷轧制成0.11 mm厚的稀土铝箔.运用Axiovert25型金相显微镜和蚀坑法,对退火后的稀土铝箔组织和织构进行研究.通过不同温度、不同时间的再结晶退火,得到530℃,600 s时稀土铝泊立方织构含量最高.     

水热温度对玻璃纤维增强HAp-CS涂层的影响

为了制备出结合强度较好的生物涂层,采用水热电泳法在碳/碳复合材料表面成功制备了玻璃微纤维增强的羟基磷灰石——壳聚糖(g(f)/HAp-CS)复合涂层,用x-射线衍射仪、透射电子显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、能谱分析仪、红外傅里叶变换分析仪等测试手段对涂层进行了测试和表征,主要研究了水热沉积温度对复合涂层中HAp晶相和涂层显微结构的影响以及HAp涂层的沉积动力学.结果表明:采用玻璃微纤维增强的HAp-CS涂层,致密性和均匀性有了很大提高,显著减少了复合涂层表面的裂纹;随着水热温度的升高,涂层中HAp的衍射峰逐渐增强,表面形貌得到了有效改善,涂层的致密性和均匀性显著提高;涂层的沉积速率随水热温度的升高而加快,其沉积活化能为14.63kJ/mol.     

Influence of thermomechanical aging on microstructure and mechanical properties of 2519A aluminum alloy

The influence of thermomechanical aging on microstructure and mechanical properties of 2519A aluminum alloy was investigated by means of microhardness test, tensile test, optical microscopy (OM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results show that 50% cold rolling deformation prior to aging is beneficial since it promotes a more homogeneous distribution of the precipitation phase and reduces the number of precipitation phase on the grain boundaries, and thus shrinks the total volume of precipitation-free zones at grain and sub-grain boundaries. As a result, the tensile properties of 2519A aluminum alloy have been significantly improved.     

Influence of quench transfer time on microstructure and mechanical properties of 7055 aluminum alloy

The influence of quench transfer time on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 7055 aluminum alloy with and without zirconium was investigated by tensile properties test, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. For the Zr-free alloy, the strength increases to the highest value at 20 s with transfer time, and then decreases slightly. The elongation decreases slowly with transfer time within 20 s, and more rapidly after 20 s. For the Zr-containing alloy, prolonging transfer time within 20 s results in slight decrease in the strength and elongation, and rapid drop of which is observed after 20 s. For the Zr-free alloy, prolonging transfer time can increase the percentage ofintergranular fracture, which is mainly caused by wide grain boundary precipitate free zone. The failure mode of the Zr-containing alloy is modified from the predominant transgranular void growth and intergranular fracture to transgranular shear and intergranular fracture with increase in the transfer time, which is attributed to the wider grain boundary precipitate free zone and coarse equilibrium η phases in the matrix.     

Effect of electromagnetic and ultrasonic cast rolling on microstructure and properties of 1050 aluminum substrate for presensitized plate

The 1050 aluminum alloy strip was prepared by means of electromagnetic and ultrasonic cast rolling on the modified asymmetric twin roll caster, and then the aluminum substrate for presensitized plate was prepared through cold rolling and annealing.The effects of electromagnetic and ultrasonic cast rolling on microstructure, mechanical properties, surface roughness and electrolytic corrosion properties of 1050 aluminum substrate were studied. The results show that electromagnetic and ultrasonic cast rolling can decrease the average crystallite size of aluminum substrate by 5 μm, increase the crystal boundaries with uniform distribution, and make the second-phase particles with smaller size distributed dispersively in the substrate, meanwhile, it can increase the tensile strength, elongation and micro-hardness by 4.58%, 9.85% and HV 2, respectively, reduce the surface roughness, make the surface appearance more even, electrolytic corrosion polarization curve of aluminum substrate more smooth and the surface corrosion pits with regular shape more dispersive.     

pH值对氢氧化铝晶相及微结构的影响

采用XRD、ATR-FTIR及TEM等表征手段,系统研究pH值对化学液相沉淀所制备氢氧化铝的晶相和微结构的影响.结果表明,随着溶液pH值从5增加到11,氢氧化铝晶体结构依次为非晶态氢氧化铝、勃姆石[γ-AIOOH]、拜耳石[α-Al(OH)3],相应粉体颗粒由分散的、超细的纳米絮粒到平均直径为50 nm的絮球,再到150 nm无规则的团聚体.这表明,采用液相沉淀法制备氢氧化铝时,溶液的pH值明显影响氢氧化铝的晶相、颗粒形貌、粒径大小及团聚程度.     

预热温度对铝合金搭接激光焊焊缝成形及组织的影响

采用Nd:YAG激光器和1.4 mm厚的5A03H24铝合金板材,在不同预热温度下用相同的激光焊参数进行了搭接激光焊试验。结果表明:焊缝的熔深、熔宽随温度的升高而增大,并在T≥250℃时增大显著;焊缝成形和焊接过程稳定性在T≤250℃时随温度的升高而变好;焊缝组织随温度的升高而粗化,但T≤200℃时粗化不明显;焊缝、热影响区和母材的显微硬度随温度的升高而下降,但T≤100℃时焊缝的显微硬度下降不明显,T≤200℃时热影响区的显微硬度下降不明显,T≤300℃时母材的显微硬度下降不明显。     

Effects of Al addition on the microstructure and properties of Nb/Nb5Si3 in situ composites fabricated via spark plasma sintering

Dense Nb/Nb5Si3 composites were fabricated via spark plasma sintering technology using Nb, Si, and Al elemental powders as raw materials. The microstructttres of the synthesised composites were analyzed through scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and electron probe microanalysis. The results show that the composites consisted of residual Nb particle phase and Nb5Si3 phase. The microstructure of the Nb/ Nb5Si3 in situ composites was evidently affected by Al addition, which prompted the formation of the Al3Nb10Si3 phase. In addition, the Rockwell hardness of the composites decreased with the increase in AI additions. The Rockwell hardness of Nb-20Si is 60HRC, which decreased to approximately 52.7 HRC when the Al content increased to 15 at%. The oxidation resistance of the Nb/NbsSi3 in situ composites significantly improved with the increase in Al addition.