Y—TZP纳米陶瓷的制备

用化学共沉淀凝胶法制备了晶粒度为７．６ｎｍ的３ｍｏｌ％Ｙ２Ｏ３－ＺｒＯ２纳米粉末，所得粉末不仅尺寸小、分布均匀，且分散性好。对该粉末制成的素坯，通过烧结过程中晶粒生长的控制，在１２５０℃／２ｈ常压烧结条件下获得了晶粒尺寸约为１２０ｎｍ的致密陶瓷体     

La_2O_3-Mo阴极La_2O_3纳米粒子形成的研究

采用 ＸＲＤ、ＳＥＭ等方法对 Ｌａ２Ｏ３－Ｍｏ阴极中 Ｌａ２Ｏ３纳米粒子的形成进行了研究．在掺杂 Ｌａ（ＮＯ３）３的ＭｏＯ２粉还原阶段,发生Ｌａ２Ｏ３与ＭｏＯ２的固溶及Ｌａ２Ｏ３的脱溶,从而形成纳米Ｌａ２Ｏ３粉末．Ｍｏ晶粒表面上的纳米Ｌａ２Ｏ３微粒分布形式不同,导致了坯体材料中微米级和纳米级两种Ｌａ２Ｏ３微粒的存在形式．另外,粉末态的Ｌａ２Ｏ３纳米粒子在高温烧结过程中熔化,Ｌａ－Ｏ键断裂形成的Ｌａ３＋、Ｏ２－离子通过固溶、脱溶过程亦可形成坯体中的Ｌａ２Ｏ３纳米微粒．     

团聚体和晶粒的冲击处理分析

分析了两种不同类型粉体－γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３团聚体粉末和锆英砂晶粒的冲击处理结果。研究结果表明,冲击波处理后的两种不同类型粉末都产生了细粒化和一定程度的晶格畸变。γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３团聚体粉末细粒化方式以团聚体内晶粒间的解离为主,而锆英砂则表现为晶粒的粒内破碎为主。     

Al2O3陶瓷透光性的研究

采用高纯超细（０．０１－１μｍ）Ａｌ２Ｏ３粉末,添加质量分数为１．０％的ＭｇＯ经１７５０℃坟烧结制备透明Ａｌ２Ｏ３陶瓷,借助光电透光度仪、扫描电镜、透射电镜对透光率和组织结构进行了测试分析,结果表明,本试验所得Ａｌ２Ｏ３透明陶瓷的透光率为５８％,而气孔,第二相以及晶界尺寸是影响透光率的重要因素。     

烧结氮化硅陶瓷的显微结构

通过透射电子显微分析和能谱分析，深入仔细地研究了烧结Ｓｉ３Ｎ４－ＭｇＯ－ＣｅＯ２陶瓷的微观结构及其性能的关系，发现当烧结温度为１８００℃时，ＭｇＯ在烧结过程中会自动析晶，烧结体的玻璃相只有铈硅酸盐而几乎没有ＭｇＯ，当烧结温度高于１８５０℃时，容易产生异常长大的二次Ｓｉ３Ｎ４晶粒，从而使烧结Ｓｉ３Ｎ４陶瓷材料的性能下降。并观察到了其中的亚晶粒、晶界及位错等微观结构。     

乙二醇在络合物溶胶—凝胶法中的作用

采用ＥＤＴＡ（乙二胺四乙酸）溶胶－凝胶法制备了ＺｒＯ２－８％Ｙ２Ｏ３（摩尔分数）纳米粉末,研究了乙二醇对粉末平均粒径和团聚体强度的影响机理,结果表明;在溶液中加入乙二醇,可取代氢键而参与ＥＤＴＡ络合物分子之间的聚合反应,改善了凝胶稳定性,从而制得均匀透明的凝胶,并在一定程度上减少了硬团聚;先后经４００℃,２ｈ及７００℃,２ｈ煅烧,粉末比表面各为３５ｍ＾２／ｇ,平均粒径约２８ｎｍ,颗粒尺寸分布范围极     

烧结氮化硅陶瓷的显微结构

通过透射电子显微分析和能谱分析，深入仔细地研究了烧强Ｓｉ３Ｎ４－ＭｇＯ－ＣｅＯ２陶资的微观结构及其性能的关系，发现当烧结温度为１８００℃时，ＭｇＯ在烧结过程中自动析晶，烧结体的玻璃相只有铈硅酸盐而几乎没有ＭｇＯ当烧结温度高于１８５０℃时，容易产生异常长大的二次Ｓｉ３Ｎ４晶粒，从而使烧结Ｓｉ３Ｎ４陶瓷材料的性能下降，并观察了其中的亚晶粒，晶界及位错等微观结构。     

Sol－Gel法制备YBa_2Cu_3O_（7－x）超细粉末研究

用柠檬酸盐作螯合剂，用氨水调节溶液的酸度，通过Ｓｏｌ－Ｇｅｌ转变制得了粒径为１００ｎｍ大小的ＹＢａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏ（７－ｘ）超细粉末，对ＹＢａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏ（７－ｘ）在合成反应中溶胶的形成和凝胶聚合过程进行了研究和探讨。Ｓｏｌ－Ｇｅｌ法制得的ＹＢａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏ（７－ｘ）超细粉末在粒度、纯度、烧结特性和超导性能上，均优于固态反应合成方法。     

ZrO_2和ZrO_2－Y_2O_3纳米晶体的合成及晶体结构研究

本文采用沉淀方法和聚乙烯醇包覆的方法合成了具有立方莹石结构的（ＺｒＯ_２）_０．９（Ｙ_２Ｏ_３）_０．１及ＺｒＯ_２纳米微粉。研究了各种合成条件对其颗粒尺寸的影响和晶粒的结构与晶粒尺寸的对应关系。     

ZrO2和ZrO2—Y2O纳米晶体的合成及晶体结构研究

本文采用沉淀方法和聚乙烯醇包覆的方法合成了具有立方莹石结构的（ＺｒＯ２）０．９（Ｙ２Ｏ３）０．１及ＺｒＯ２纳米微粉，研究了各种合成条件对其颗粒尺寸的影响和闰的结构与晶粒尺寸的对应关系。     

Pressureless reactive sintering mechanism of nanocrystalline Bi2O3-Y2O3 solid electrolyte

The nanocrystalline Bi2O3-Y2O3 solid electrolyte material was synthesized by pressureless reactive sintering process with Bi2O3 and Y2O3 nano mixed powder as raw materials, which was prepared by a chemical coprecipitation process. The study on the behavior of nano δ-Bi2O3 formation and its grain growth showed that the solid solution reaction of Y2O3 and β-Bi2O3 to form δ-Bi2O3occurs mainly in the initial stage of sintering process, and nano δ-Bi2O3 crystal grains grow approximately following the rule of paracurve ((D-D0)2=K.t) during sintering process. After sintered at 600℃ for 2 h, the samples could reach above 96% in relative density and have dense microstructure with few remaining pores, the δ-Bi2O3 grains are less than 100 nm in size.     

相场法模拟烧结后期陶瓷晶粒生长及气孔组织演化研究

采用相场模型模拟了烧结后期陶瓷微观组织演化过程。在二维模拟系统中分别设置不同大小、含量以及数量的气孔,分析了气孔的脱钩现象,研究了烧结后期气孔对陶瓷晶粒生长动力学的影响规律。模拟结果表明,陶瓷晶粒尺寸与气孔率和气孔数量成反比,与气孔尺寸成正比。     

High toughness alumina ceramics with elongated grains developed from seeds

Alumina ceramics have been used in a wide variety of engineering fields because of their excellent mechanical and electric properties as well as relatively low cost of manufacture. Now such alumina ceramics with flexural strength as high as 700—1000 MPa and Weibole mode of 40 have been prepared by using pure and ultra-fine powder[1,2]. However, the fracture toughness of the materials is very low, typically around 3 MPa·m1/2. Therefore, much effort has been made on the improvement of fractu…     

合成高活性Y2O3和Al2O3超细粉及Nd：YAG透明陶瓷

分别以Y（NO3）3和氨水、NH4Al（SO4）2.12H2O和碳酸氢铵为原料,采用化学沉淀法与碳酸铝铵分解法合成了高活性、平均粒径分别为39 nm和95 nm的Y2O3和Al2O3超细粉体.以Y2O3,Al2O3超细粉和商用Nd2O3粉体为原料,采用固相反应法,经1 700℃真空烧结15 h,制备了Nd：YAG透明陶瓷.含x（Nd）=1%的YAG陶瓷在可见光区最大透光率约为53%.对YAG陶瓷的烧结过程和显微组织研究表明,Nd的引入明显地促进了陶瓷的烧结,同时晶粒得到细化.     

Novel phenomenon on valence unvariation of doping ion in Yb:YAG transparent ceramics using MgO additives

Yb:YAG nanopowders were synthesized by the alcohol-water co-precipitation method adding MgO as sintering additives. Appropriate amount of MgO adding can restrict the agglomeration and reduce the particle size of Yb:YAG powders. When the MgO content was 0.04wt%, well-dispersed Yb:YAG powders with ellipsoidal particles of less than 100 nm diameter were obtained. The experimental results showed the valence variation of doping ion Yb³⁺ would not appear when adding MgO as sintering additives, so ceramics showed colorless transparent instead of green due to Yb²⁺ color center using traditional SiO₂ as additives. The transmission of the sintered Yb:YAG ceramics can reach 80.6% even without annealing. Ceramic morphology showed that the grains had uniform-distribution with the size of 10 μm or so, and no impurity and pore existed in the grain boundary and crystalline while using optimal sintering conditions.     

AlN陶瓷的凝胶注模成型及其导热性能

为了解决AlN陶瓷难于制备复杂形状、生产成本高、重复性差等问题,采用无毒的壳聚糖体系,以Y2O3+CaF2为烧结助剂,利用凝胶注模成型及无压烧结制备了AlN陶瓷.利用粘度计、X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜等对AlN陶瓷浆料性能和AlN陶瓷的显微组织与导热性能进行研究.结果表明:戊二醛浓度、pH值及壳聚糖含量对凝胶化时间有影响;醋酸含量降低、固相含量增加会使AlN陶瓷浆料粘度下降;真空处理有助于陶瓷浆料中气泡的去除;Y2O3+CaF2烧结助剂不但可以降低烧结温度,还可有效改善AlN陶瓷的导热性能;固相含量为52vol.%的AlN陶瓷坯体无压烧结后,热导率达到95.6 W/(m·K).     

杂凝聚法制备纳米复相陶瓷材料的微观组织及增韧机理研究

采用杂凝聚法制备了Al2O3-ZrO2(n)纳米复相陶瓷粉体,对经SPS烧结成型的纳米复相陶瓷材料块体进行了微观组织韧化机理的试验研究.研究表明,Al2O3-ZrO2(n)陶瓷中由于ZrO2的添加,改变了Al2O3的晶粒形状,提高了材料的致密度,并细化了晶粒;其微观组织为典型的晶内/晶界混合型纳米复相陶瓷,其中不规则的ZrO2团聚体主要存在于Al2O3的多晶粒相交的晶界处,一些细小、分散的球状ZrO2纳米颗粒(70~200 nm)分布在Al2O3晶粒内部.由于基体晶粒的细化以及因其形成的"内晶型"纳米结构,提高了基体的力学性能.研究认为,Al2O3-ZrO2(n)纳米复相陶瓷力学性能的改变是由于纳米粒子的增韧机制、ZrO2相变增韧机制和"内晶型"结构共同作用的结果.     

Preparation of Superfine-Cemented Carbide by Spark Plasma Sintering

92WC-8Co puwder mixture with superfine-tungsten carbide was respectively sintered by spark plasma sintering（ SPS ） and sintering isostutic pressure （SIP）. Complete dense samples with 200 nm WC grains and 94.2HRA hardness were prepared by spark plasma sintering at 1 150 ℃ and under 4.5 kN for 5 minutes. SIP was carried out at 1 400 ℃ for 30 minutes with a result of 300-400 nm WC grains and 93 HRA hardness. The results show that sintering temperature is greatly decreased by SPS, sintering time is largely shortened and WC grain growth is effectively retarded. Micropores and drawb（wks in superfine-cemented carbide made by SPS are greatly declined, which is very useful to improving nwehanical properties.     

稀土Sm2O3对WCoB-TiC复相陶瓷组织的影响

以WC、TiB2、Co粉末为基本原料,添加稀土Sm2 O3为抑制剂,采用真空液相反应烧结技术制备WCoB-TiC复相陶瓷材料,利用XRD、SEM和 EDS对其微观形貌和相组成进行表征。结果表明,添加一定量稀土Sm2 O3后,WCoB-TiC复相陶瓷晶粒细小且分布均匀,晶粒的长大得到抑制;随着稀土Sm2 O3的过量加入,复相陶瓷中有棒状晶粒出现,晶粒有粗化的趋势。在1400℃下烧结时,当Sm2 O3添加量为0．3％时,制成的WCoB-TiC复相陶瓷材料密度达到10．01 g/cm3,硬度HRA达到91。     

Preparation of nanocrystalline BaTiO_3 ceramics

The high-dense nanocrystalline BaTiO3(BT)ceramics with grain size smaller than 100nm have been successfully prepared by the two step sintering and the spark plasma sintering(SPS)process.The successive transitions in nanograin BT ceramics from rhombohedral to orthorhombic,tetragonal and cubic transitions,similar to those in coarse BT ceramics,were revealed by in-situ temperature dependent Raman spectrum.The multiphase coexistence and the diffused phase transition character were demonstrated in the 8nm nanocr...