超声速预混可燃气流的点火与燃烧

在激波风洞一激波管组合设备上开展了碳氢燃料超声速预混可燃气流的点火与燃烧实验研究。实验结果表明:利用激波对燃料进行预热,并以高温燃气作为引导火焰,可以有效缩短汽油空气超声速可燃混气的点火延迟时间,使之缩短到 0.2 ms以下。利用纹影照片对超声速燃烧流场结构作出了分析;研究了超声速预混可燃气流的温度以及当量比对超声速燃烧流场结构、点火与火焰传播特性的影响。     

超声速等离子体射流的数值模拟

基于可压缩的全Naiver-Stokes方程，利用PHOENICS程序对由会聚 辐射阳极形状等离子体炬产生的超声速等离子体射流进行了数值模拟.考虑了等离子体的黏性、可压缩性以及变物性对等离子体射流特性影响.研究了超声速等离子体射流的流场结构特性以及不同环境压力对等离子体射流产生激波结构的影响.结果表明，超声速等离子体射流在喷口附近形成的周期性激波结构是其和环境气体相互作用的结果. 关键词： 等离子体炬 超声速等离子体射流 PHOENICS     

超声速气膜冷却中激波抑制的研究

针对激波破坏超声速气膜冷却的机理,本文提出了一种壁面开孔的结构,数值研究结果表明：一方面,壁面开孔的结构能使激波作用的区域壁面附近的压力分布较均匀,从而使近壁区的马赫数分布比不开孔的壁面要高,有利于超声速气膜冷却。同时在激波的作用下,冷却气体可以通过开孔壁面的孔进入槽道内,而在槽内的下游再从孔里流出,保护下游的壁面,这...     

吸力面波系分布对风扇激波噪声的影响

数值探究了前缘和吸力面的形状对风扇激波噪声的影响,分析讨论了吸力面上膨胀波和压缩波与前伸激波的干涉对激波噪声的影响机理,提出了降低风扇激波噪声的前缘和吸力面改型方法,分别在一个二维超声叶型和一个三维跨声转子上进行实验。结果表明优化后的前缘和吸力面形状可有效减弱吸力峰的强度,消除气流在前缘附近的过膨胀和再压缩过程,改善吸力面的波系分布,可降低二维超声叶型的激波噪声约3 dB,降低三维跨声转子的激波噪声约1.5 dB。     

冷却流分段注入对超声速气膜冷却的影响

针对超声速气膜冷却中常有激波入射破坏冷却效果的现象,本文在冷却流质量流量一定的条件下研究了5种不同入口高度组合的冷却流分段注入结构,并与冷却流单个注入的情况对比,分析了激波入射情况下冷却流分段注入对超声速气膜冷却的影响。研究结果表明:在激波入射时,对于分段注入只有部分冷却流经历了激波的局部强化掺混作用,因此分段注入与单个注入相比可以提升气膜冷却效果。通过平均气膜冷却效率、最低气膜冷却效率、气膜覆盖率等冷却性能参数的比较,在本文研究的5种冷却流分段注入结构中,结构2的气膜冷却效果最好。     

某跨音风扇转子全三维设计与数值模拟

本文采用与三维流场分析程序相匹配的任意叶轮机通用叶片造型程序,进行某单级高通流、跨音、宽弦长风扇转子设计。在设计过程中,通过调整转子进口流量、出口总压、叶片最大相对厚度和前后缘厚度等参数沿径向的分布,弯度和最大弯度位置沿弦向的分布,从设计上减弱了叶片上部的激波强度、降低了激波及其关联的损失,克服了该转子叶尖高相对马赫数和低损失、高效率的矛盾。最终获得满足气动性能和结构强度的风扇转子.     

三维超声速射流火焰的直接模拟研究

本文使用了直接模拟（DNS）程序计算了三维超声速湍流射流火焰。首先介绍了本程序使用到的计算方法,包括热物性参数和输运参数的计算、反应机理、边界条件、离散方法。然后,本文使用该方法计算了马赫数为1.2的三维超声速H₂-AIR湍流射流火焰,描述了火焰的整作结构。最后,本文对火焰底部的稳燃的机理—自燃进行了分析和论证。     

矩形喷口欠膨胀超声速射流对撞的实验研究

在不同喷口间距和射流压力下开展了矩形喷口欠膨胀超声速射流对撞实验并与自由射流进行了对比. 实验表明:超声速射流对撞的辐射噪声中存在四种不同的啸音模式, 且随喷口距离和射流压力的变化在不同模式间切换. 在射流压力大于0.5 MPa且喷口间距小于50 mm时, 射流对撞面在两个喷口外形成两道正激波之间, 啸音基频维持在3 kHz左右. 随喷口间距的增大或射流压力的降低, 射流对撞面在一侧喷口外的弓形激波与另一侧喷口外的正激波之间. 对撞面也有可能出现在两个弓形激波之间, 对应的啸音基频约为9 kHz, 但容易受扰动而回到喷口一侧或是在喷口之间大幅度振荡. 当射流压力小于0.36 MPa且喷口间距大于70 mm后, 对撞面在两个喷口之间大幅度振荡, 产生基频在1 kHz左右并随射流压力的降低和喷口间距的增大而降低的啸音. 关键词： 超声速射流 啸音 射流对撞 激波     

简化流通量分裂算法研究

针对Ｓｔｅｇｅｒ－Ｗａｍｉｎｇ流通矢量分裂格式和其修正工所构成的混合格式进行了研究，引入压差放大因子，使其对于有粘激波流场分辨能力有所提高，同时采用一种特殊分裂方法以简化矩阵运算。利用该方法研究了三种超声速流场；（１）平面激波反射问题；（２）超声速边界层流动；（３）高超声速压缩拐角流动。     

风扇通流设计中环量分布形式的探讨

本文以时间推进通流设计方法为工具,设计了两个压比3.0级别的风扇转子,探讨了环量轴向分布形式对设计的影响.两个设计采用不同的环量分布,一为环量沿轴向线性变化,另一为环量沿轴向按余弦曲线变化,三维粘性计算结果表明,在峰值效率点,后者压比、效率和流量都高于前者.后者叶尖形成预压缩效果更为显著的叶型,对激波有更好的控制,激波后分离区小,更适合用于高负荷风扇的设计.     

Study of density field measurement based on NPLS technique in supersonic flow

Due to the influence of shock wave and turbulence, supersonic density field exhibits strongly inhomogeneous and unsteady characteristics. Applying traditional density field measurement techniques to supersonic flows yields three problems: low spatiotemporal resolution, limitation of measuring 3D density field, and low signal to noise ratio (SNR). A new method based on Nano-based Planar Laser Scattering (NPLS) technique is proposed in this paper to measure supersonic density field. This method measures planar transient density field in 3D supersonic flow by calibrating the relationship between density and concentration of tracer particles, which would display the density fluctuation due to the influence of shock waves and vortexes. The application of this new method to density field measurement of supersonic optical bow cap is introduced in this paper, and the results reveal shock wave, turbulent boundary layer in the flow with the spatial resolution of 93.2 μm/pixel. By analyzing the results at interval of 5 μs, temporal evolution of density field can be observed. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 10672178)     

跨音压气机转子叶尖流场试验与分析

本文利用高频响动态压力测试技术测量了某跨音压气机转子叶尖间隙流场,其中包括对跨音转子叶尖漏流和激波／漏流干扰的细致流场特征．测试结果表明激波在机匣壁面处受漏流干扰的影响相当大,这一干扰分别来自于前缘漏流涡的干扰和叶尖第二次漏流对通道激波的直接冲击干扰,使激波结构呈“S”形.在低背压高攻角条件下,转子存在十分明显的尾涡．     

Characteristics of laser supersonic heating method for producing micro metallic particles

In this article, the authors analyzed the process characteristics of laser supersonic heating method for producing metallic particles and predicted the in-flight tracks and shapes of micro-particles. A pulse Nd–YAG laser was used to heat the carbon steel target placed within an air nozzle. The high-pressure air with supersonic velocity was used to carry out carbon steel particles in the nozzle. The shock wave structures at the nozzle exit were visualized by the shadowgraph method. The carbon steel particles produced by laser supersonic heating method were grabbed and the spraying angles of the particle tracks were visualized. The velocity of the in-flight particles was measured by a photodiode sensor and compared with the numerical result. The solidification of carbon steel particles with diameters of 1–50 μm in compressible flow fields were investigated. The result shows that there is no significant difference in the dimension of solid carbon steel particles produced at shock wave fields under various entrance pressures (3–7 bar) with a constant laser energy radiation.     

超音速分离管内部流动的二维数值模拟与分析

为了克服现有天然气脱水技术的不足,基于气体动力学和传热传质学理论提出了一种新型的天然气超音速分离管装置.介绍了其基本结构和分离机理,对装置内部流动进行了合理假设,建立了几何模型,并利用张量形式的时均方程组对其内部的稳态可压缩湍流流动进行了求解,结果发现在轴向-400 mm至-200 mm之间发生了激波现象,导致气流速度急剧下降,压力急剧上升,温度急剧上升.计算结果与之前的实验结果基本一致,为分离管几何结构优化提供了理论基础.     

Flow characteristics and micro-scale metallic particle formation in the laser supersonic heating technique

The characteristics of the supersonic flow of the laser heating technique for producing micro-scale metallic particles were investigated in this study. A numerical model was established to predict the flow fields and particle trajectories leaving a spray nozzle with shock wave effects. The compressible flow of the shock waves and the trajectories of particles in diameters of 1–20 μm were simulated and compared with the flow visualization. In the experiment, a pulsed Nd-YAG laser was used as heat source on a carbon steel target within the nozzle, and the carbon steel particles were ejected by high-pressure air. The result shows that the shock wave structures were generated at various entrance pressures, and there is a significant increase in the amount of carbon steel particles and the spraying angles by increasing the entrance air pressure.     

Characteristics of a magnetogasdynamic diffuser under different modes of electric current switching

This paper elaborates upon a previous investigation into the influence of external electric and magnetic fields on a flow through a supersonic diffuser. The aim of the present study is to correlate a change in the configuration of a shock wave emerging near the diffuser inlet at magnetohydrodynamic interaction with the amount of force and energy actions and with total pressure losses. For this purpose, the main parameters of the shock wave structure and the total pressure are measured at the diffuser outlet when the flow is subjected to magnetic and electric fields of various strengths at different routes of current passage. In the experiments, a shock tube with a supersonic nozzle is employed. The shock tube forms a flow behind the shock wave reflecting from the end of the tube, which terminates in the nozzle. The diffuser is located directly downstream of the nozzle. The investigation is carried out in xenon. The flow is subjected to external fields at the inlet of the diffuser. The shock wave structure is visualized by frame sweeping of Schlieren patterns of the flow. The total pressure is measured with a piezoelectric transducer located at the end of the channel. The results obtained make it possible to optimize the action on the flow in terms of power consumption and total pressure losses for a given design of the diffuser.