西秦岭党川地区泥盆纪花岗岩类地质地球化学特征及构造意义

党川地区位于祁连—北秦岭造山带结合部位,该地区分布有不同时期的花岗岩类,泥盆纪花岗岩类由党川岩体、火炎山岩体2个岩体组成。党川岩体岩石化学以富集SiO₂(SiO₂=72.29%～73.40%)、K₂O(K₂O∕Na₂O=0.86～2.01)、Al₂O₃(A ∕ CNK =1.05～1.20)为主要特征;火炎山岩体岩石总体SiO₂较低(平均69.70%),但K₂O(K₂O ∕ Na₂O =1.14～1.88) 、Fe₂O₃+FeO﹑MgO较高。岩体的共同特征是岩石属钾玄质系列,表现为过铝质岩石( A ∕ CNK大于1.0)的特征;微量元素相对富集Ba、Zr、Rb、Sm、Ta及Rb、Ba、Th、Nb等元素;稀土元素丰度总体较高,以富集轻稀土元素,发育明显的铕负异常和铕亏损,δEu值较低(δEu=0.36～0.61)为主要特征;岩石锶初始比n(⁸⁷Sr）/n(⁸⁶Sr）i 大于0.7070,氧同位素δ¹⁸O_SMOW较高(δ¹⁸O_SMOW=＋8.89‰～＋1108‰),岩体物质来源为上地壳,属浅源的壳源型花岗岩类,具S型花岗岩的特征,其形成与后造山阶段的大陆抬升作用有关。     

塔里木盆地北缘二叠纪巴立克立克组凝灰岩年代学、地球化学及构造意义

塔里木盆地北缘广泛分布的二叠纪火山岩,对于理解天山造山带晚古生代构造演化具有重要研究意义。本文以哈拉峻地区巴立克立克组凝灰岩为研究对象,开展了地球化学、年代学和Lu-Hf同位素研究,结果显示凝灰岩富硅(SiO₂=74.59％~76.18％)、富碱(Na₂O+K₂O=7.48％~7.79％)、低铝(Al₂O₃=13.80%~14.29%),属于钾玄质过铝质流纹岩类;具轻稀土元素富集、重稀土元素相对亏损的特征,具Eu弱正异常,相对富集Rb、Th等大离子亲石元素(LILE),亏损P、Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素(HFSE),Nb/Ta值平均为16.60,Sr/Y值平均为2.42,Mg^#值平均为34.71;LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学分析结果显示巴立克立克组凝灰岩的结晶年龄为280.47±2.58 Ma,εHf(t)值为-0.73~2.12,二阶段模式年龄(t_DM2)为1 318~1 145 Ma。结合塔里木盆地北缘早二叠世的构造演化、岩浆活动及沉积分布等信息,指出巴立克立克组沉积于南天山洋壳向塔里木板块俯冲的板内裂谷盆地中,具非造山板内岩浆岩特征,可能为地幔柱作用背景下,岩石圈地幔底侵导致地壳物质部分熔融的产物,继承了壳源和幔源的双重源区特征。     

北祁连东段早古生代洋壳俯冲作用记录——来自晚奥陶世高镁埃达克岩的证据

具有特殊成因机制的埃达克质岩石是探究深部岩浆动力学过程与区域构造演化的重要岩石探针之一。本文对北祁连造山带东段宁夏南华山地区出露的石洼里花岗岩进行了系统的锆石U-Pb年龄、主量-微量元素及锆石原位Hf同位素分析,以探讨其岩石成因及地球动力学意义。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明石洼里花岗岩侵位年龄为452±4 Ma, 为晚奥陶世岩浆活动的产物。岩石具有较高的SiO₂(68.60%~71.42%)、Al₂O₃(14.95%~15.75%)和Na₂O(5.06%~5.79%)含量,较低的K₂O(2.23%~3.10%)、MgO(0.91%~1.73%)含量和较高的Mg^# 值(55~59),属弱过铝质钙碱性系列岩石; 岩石具有高Ba(1 025×10^-6~1 250×10^-6)、Sr(324×10^-6~577×10^-6)和低Y(6.99×10^-6~7.69×10^-6)、Yb(0.65×10^-6~0.71×10^-6)含量,较高的Sr/Y(45~79)和(La/Yb)_N(17~31)值,且无明显Eu负异常。锆石εHf(t)值相对较高,变化范围为+0.5~+15.5。主量-微量元素及同位素分析结果表明石洼里花岗岩具有高镁埃达克岩的典型特征, 可能是在30~40 km深度的岛弧基性下地壳部分熔融的产物,其源区中可能存在早古生代的新生地壳。结合区内蛇绿岩、高压变质岩、弧岩浆岩的研究成果, 笔者认为受北祁连原特提斯洋北向俯冲影响,石洼里高镁埃达克岩形成于老虎山弧后盆地洋壳在晚奥陶世的南向俯冲过程中。     

西准噶尔巴音达拉地区卡拉岗组火山岩锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学及其地质意义

西准噶尔巴音达拉地区发育一套酸性火山岩,被称为卡拉岗组,岩石组合以流纹岩、英安岩、流纹质熔结凝灰岩等酸性火山岩为主。本文对卡拉岗组火山岩进行高精度锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb测年,获得英安岩和流纹岩的加权平均²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U年龄分别为（294.4±1.3）Ma（n=9,MSWD=0.8）和（298.4±2.5）Ma（n=9,MSWD=3.4）,其形成于早二叠世。岩石地球化学特征表明,卡拉岗组火山岩岩具有高硅（66.69%~75.21%）,富碱（Na₂O+K₂O：6.98%~8.35%）,低MgO（0.18%~1.32%）,贫钙（0.24%~2.49%）的特征,均属过铝质（A/CNK：1.14~1.33）及高钾钙碱性系列。微量元素数据显示,稀土总量为∑REE为83.82×10^-6~197.61×10^-6,（La/Yb）_N=3.15~12.50,轻、重稀土元素分馏比较明显,轻稀土元素（LREE）较为富集,重稀土元素分布相对平坦,球粒陨石标准化配分模式为右倾型。微量元素富集大离子亲石元素（LILE）Rb、Th、U、K,并亏损高场强元素（HFSE）_Nb、Ta、P、Ti。综合最新区域资料及本文研究成果,文章认为研究区早二叠世卡拉岗组火山岩岩浆来源于壳源物质不同程度的部分熔融,残留相中有少量斜长石和角闪石,为后碰撞伸展阶段的产物。     

蒙阴盆地早白垩世火山岩地球化学特征及其岩石成因

蒙阴盆地早白垩世火山岩主要出露于青山群八亩地组和方戈庄组中。火山岩SiO₂含量为53.71%~69.08%,主要为安山质岩石和流纹岩,以钙碱性系列为主(σ平均3.42);富集Rb、Ba等大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素,相对亏损Nb、Ta、P、Ti等高场强元素和重稀土元素;具有富集的Sr-Nd-Pb同位素组成(⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr(t)=0.7051~0.7110,ε_Nd(t)=-5.16~-16.4)。根据MgO含量和Mg^﹟值,可将安山质火山岩划分为高镁(Mg^﹟>60)和低镁(Mg^﹟<60)两个系列。高镁安山质岩石的MgO、Cr、Ni及不相容元素的含量明显高于低镁安山质岩石,且具有相对高的⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr(t)和较低的ε_Nd(t)值,Sr-Nd同位素组成趋向于EMⅡ型富集地幔端元。低镁安山质岩石地球化学特征类似于埃达克岩,其同位素组成介于EMⅠ型富集地幔端元与华北麻粒岩相下地壳之间。流纹岩具有较低的MgO、Cr、Ni含量和明显的负Eu、Sr异常,同位素组成类似于扬子中、上地壳。研究表明,蒙阴盆地高镁安山质岩石由曾遭受俯冲扬子陆壳熔体改造的华北岩石圈地幔部分熔融形成,且岩浆在上升 过程中经历了华北下地壳物质一定程度的混染或混合作用;低镁安山质岩石主要由华北下地壳部分熔融形成;流纹岩为岩石圈伸展减薄背景下仰冲至华北克拉通之上的扬子中、上地壳部分熔融的产物。地质现象显示,郯庐断裂带的伸展活动控制着蒙阴断陷盆地的发育,与蒙阴盆地早白垩世火山岩的成因有着密切的联系,在华北克拉通破坏中可能起到了重要的作用。     

江西宁冈岩体的形成时代、地球化学特征及其构造意义

宁岗岩体是湘赣交界部位呈南北向展布的加里东花岗岩带的重要组成部分,它主要由二长花岗岩组成。锆石LA-ICPMS U-Pb年龄为433.8±2.2Ma,属于加里东期岩浆活动产物。虽然宁冈岩体的SiO₂含量变化明显(67.46%~74.85%),但它们的ACNK值都大于1.1,钾大于钠(K₂O/Na₂O=1.36~2.37),CaO/Na₂O比值大于0.3,富集Rb、Th、Cs,亏损Nb、Ta、Ba、Sr,LREE富集 (LREE/HREE=5.8~12.2)和Eu亏损相对明显(δEu=0.28~0.61)。同时,它们还具有较低的ε_Nd(t)值(-9.3~-8.6)、较高的(⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i值(0.71172~0.71937)和古老的Nd模式年龄(1838~1909Ma)。这些特征表明,宁冈岩体属于典型的壳源型花岗岩,很可能是在华夏古陆残块与扬子地块之间发生陆-陆碰撞拼贴而引发的地壳伸展-减薄的构造背景下, 通过砂质岩石部分熔融的方式形成。     

满洲里南部白音高老组流纹岩锆石U-Pb定年及岩石成因

满洲里南部白音高老组火山岩主要由流纹岩组成,含少量珍珠岩和流纹质凝灰岩。LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb定年结果显示,流纹岩形成于141~139Ma的早白垩世早期。岩石地球化学研究表明,火山岩具有高硅富碱、贫钙镁和高FeO^T/MgO比值的特征; 稀土丰度总量较高(∑REE介于103×10^-6~488×10^-6),轻重稀土分馏明显［(La/ Yb)_N=4.12~30.94)］,Eu负异常显著(δEu=0.12~0.46); 微量元素以富集Rb、Th、U、K,强烈亏损Ba、Sr、P、Ti,中等亏损Nb、Ta和高Ga/Al值为特征,与A-型花岗岩特征相似。锆石¹⁷⁶Hf/¹⁷⁷Hf比值介于0.282785~0.282970之间,ε_Hf(t)值均为正值,介于3.78~9.98之间。流纹岩岩浆来源于斜长石稳定区玄武质下地壳物质的部分熔融,形成于非造山板内伸展构造环境。     

准噶尔盆地陆东—五彩湾地区石炭系火山岩地球化学特征及其构造背景

准噶尔盆地陆东—五彩湾地区石炭系火山岩位于上石炭统巴塔玛依内山组地层中,主要为玄武岩、玄武质安山岩和安山岩,基本属于钙碱性系列。火山岩的Mg^#介于38~57之间,全碱含量较高K₂O＋Na₂O为4.75%~6.16％）,TiO₂的含量（0.96%~2.04％）和Na₂O/K₂O比值（均大于2）较高,轻稀土元素（LREE）相对重稀土元素（HREE）富集（(La/Yb)_N=2.4~4.7）,同时显示有轻微的重稀土分馏（(Gd/Yb)_N=1.5~1.8）,无明显的Ce异常,大部分样品具有轻微的Eu负异常（δEu＝0.89~1.05）,大离子亲石元素（LILE）相对高场强元素（HFSE）富集,Nb、Ta相对于LREE和LILE明显亏损,La/Nb比值为2.0~2.8,Th/La比值（≈0.1）较低,Zr/Y比值（3.95~7.03）较高。火山岩(⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr) _i＝0.70278~0.70365,ε_Nd(t)＝＋5.69 ~ ＋8.24,t_DM为0.47~0.67Ga。这些特征连同相关判别图解一起表明,这套火山岩不是形成于典型的板内或岛弧环境,而是形成于后碰撞期伸展背景下,是软流圈物质上涌发生部分熔融、产生的岩浆在上升和侵位的过程中受到了晚石炭世之前弧组分混染的产物。其所携带的弧岩浆特征继承自混染的碰撞前的弧组分。     

"三江"北段昌都陆块晚三叠世钾质-超钾质火山岩成因及地质意义

昌都微陆块内部发育一套晚三叠世粗安岩.本文基于系统的野外踏勘,对具有代表性的火山岩进行岩石学、地球化学等研究.结果显示该区火山岩的SiO₂含量为51.36%~58.04%,全碱含量(Na₂O+K₂O)为5.03%~7.84%,根据岩石K₂O,MgO及K₂O/Na₂O比值判断,属钾质-超钾质火山岩,具高K、高Al、低Ti的特征.本区岩石强烈富集大离子亲石元素(LILE)和轻稀土元素(LREE),Nb、Ta、Ti的负异常明显,整体特征类似于弧火山岩.其稀土总量较高(270×10^-6~960×10^-6),轻重稀土分馏明显,重稀土分布形态较平缓.岩石具有较高的初始锶同位素比值(⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i=0.7150~0.7176和较低的初始钕同位素比值(¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd)_i=0.51180~0.51184,ε_Nd(t)=-10.9~-10.2,二段Nd模式年龄为t_2DM=1.82~1.88Ga.本区岩石的地球化学特征显示其源区是由俯冲板片所产生的流体/熔体交代的岩石圈地幔,源区矿物组成分析结果显示,其源区以尖晶石二辉橄榄岩为主,含少量石榴石二辉橄榄岩及金云母.本区钾质-超钾质岩石虽然与西藏南部的钾质-超钾质岩石有相似的地球化学特征,但却产于碰撞后的构造背景之下.结合其所具有的弧火山岩特征及时代构造背景判断其为一种"滞后型"弧火山岩,其形成过程可以概括为三个阶段.     

西北天山京希-伊尔曼德金矿区狮子山次火山岩的年代学、地球化学特征及其地质、成矿意义

京希-伊尔曼德金矿位于西北天山吐拉苏盆地中,矿区出露晚古生代火山-沉积岩和狮子山次火山岩;狮子山次火山岩主要为安山玢岩、英安玢岩,侵位于火山-沉积岩底部的凝灰质砂岩、凝灰岩、流纹岩以及安山岩组合中。锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年代学研究表明,狮子山次火山岩的形成年龄为370.5±2.1Ma,略晚于围岩火山岩。狮子山次火山岩MgO、TiO₂、K₂O含量低,为低钾拉斑系列,稀土元素总量低（5.1×10^-6~8.8×10^-6）,轻稀土弱富集（（La/Yb）_N=2.7~3.8）,弱Eu正异常和Ce负异常,相对富集大离子亲石元素和Zr、Hf,亏损Nd,地球化学特征与围岩安山岩明显不同。具有亏损的Sr-Nd同位素特征,（⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr）_i=0.703185~0.703810,ε_Nd（t）=4.03~4.54。狮子山次火山岩形成于火山弧环境,是火山弧中少量拉斑系列岩石的代表,其岩浆源区为俯冲带流体交代的亏损地幔,地幔石榴石二辉橄榄岩经~5%部分熔融形成原始玄武质岩浆,玄武质岩浆经~20%的矿物分离结晶形成狮子山次火山岩,其形成环境以及演化过程非常有利于岩浆演化形成热液型金矿床,可能与京希-伊尔曼德金矿具有密切的成因联系。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of