浅谈矿产资源的开发与地质环境保护

近年来我国社会的发展过程中,我国的矿产的产值,不断的提升,带来了较大的经济效益,但是随着开采量的不断的增加,给环境带来的污染是不可忽视的。党在十八大提出,要以文明的生态环境,作为宏伟的目标,指出了要将建设生态的文明,放在十分重要的位置上,文章针对矿产资源的开发,地质环境的关系,提出指导性的建议。     

马克思感性的自然概念及当代启示

马克思的自然概念是一个具有多重维度的整体性概念.马克思感性的自然概念全面地阐述了人与自然、历史与自然、自然科学与人文科学的辩证统一关系.感性的自然强调的是自然与人的相关性;人化的自然是对人与自然之间认识和实践的对象性关系的概括;历史的自然是对在生产实践基础上历史与自然统一的关系的概括;人本学的自然是对自然科学与人文科学的辩证统一关系的说明;价值的自然是对人与自然之间存在着满足与被满足、需要与被需要的价值关系的概括.马克思的感性自然概念对于理解与建设生态文明具有多方面的启示.     

部分城市生产资料价格周报

单位:元/吃品名舰格条件北京沈阳天津武汉长沙上海成娜西安白银兰州广州自留,刁心挂牌251的240002250025口】O2210025创扣25500254的25600235的切1什成交25加O23加0225的24(翔】22加旧24以犯253的253的2540023000臼,几八^八n挂牌162的16500160佣165加16加0165加16000163的16毛00-161的翻了、U矛、UU成交1610016200158的16侧扣159001石2的15800162的16300!6000自几勺村挂牌7的073的70加718072的730072加7200730073的甫l刁护成文6800700069的708071的71的70以】1100,2的7250力白,啼乡挂牌950096的95的9550945096的9600940095009600许l心争‘…     

连铸低合金钢热塑性的研究现状

钢的连铸生产中,铸坯的质量问题之一是裂纹,它是钢的凝固壳在连铸过程中受到各种应力的作用下当钢的塑性很低时产生的。影响裂纹形成的最主要的因素之一是钢在连铸温度范围内的力学行为。因此,研究钢在连铸温度范围内的力学行为,对于制定合理的连铸工艺、防止裂纹的产生、提高钢的质量具有实际的意义。本文从研究钢在连铸温度范围内的力学行为(主要指热塑性)的实验方法、连铸裂纹的种类及其与钢的热塑性的关系、影响热塑性的因素等几个方面来叙述连铸低合金钢热塑性的研究状况,并且提出目前研究中所存在的问题。     

数控机床智能化的主要技术特征

随着时代和科技的不断进步,数控机床技术的发展不断的优化和完善,整体的数控机床的发展趋势逐步向智能化发展。而对于数控机床的技术的开发和应用也逐渐的受到相关的机床生产商和采购者的重视。因而从实际上来讲数控的智能化发展不仅对机床所加工的产品的质量有一定的影响,对于加工的效率的影响也是比较大的。在此基础上,本文将对数控机床智能化的主要技术特征进行有效的分析和研究,从而使得数控机床技术能够更加健康的发展和进步。     

中小型科技企业考核制度探索

企业的考核制度是为了全面准确的了解员工的情况,对员工的工作态度、能力和成绩进行的一个综合的评估,企业根据对员工的考核结果来分配薪资,发放奖金和职务的调动,科学的管理员工,激励员工.考核是企业人力资源管理的基础,对于考核的结果,要有一个奖罚的分明.一个好的考核制度对企业来说非常重要,是企业了解员工工作的状态的主要手段,考核制度的发展创新也提高了企业本身的决策力.     

高强度低合金钢板显微组织演变和机械性能予测用的计算机模拟

为了予测微合金化的高强度低合金钢钢板的材料性能，研制出了模拟形变热处理轧制期间晶粒度演变及所产生的强度性能的计算机模型。计算用的主要输入变量是钢的成分，轧制时的变形一时间一温度规范和轧后的冷却速度。计算的用实验法测出的晶粒度以及强度性能的比较显示的良好的一致性。因此该模型可以有力的支持新钢种的研制和变更品种条件的计划。     

对大学生冷漠产生原因的分析

大学生面对人的生命,面对他人的恩惠表现出的令人费解的冷漠,原因在哪里?文章从大学生的受教育过程,教育的功利化价值追求,社会文化的误导,大学生生活的社会环境等方面分析了大学生情感冷漠的原因,以表明大学生的冷漠更多的是教育、社会价值、成长过程的负面影响强化而产生的无奈的结果.     

浅谈英语课堂的有效教学

提高课堂教学的有效性,精心设计生动的、富有情趣吸引力的、形式多样的活动。教学的有效性是教学设计的生命,是学校教学活动的一个基本追求,它直接关系到教学的质量和人才的培养。加强教师自身素质的提高是课堂教学的有效性的重要前提,教师本身的能力高低会直接的影响到课堂教学质量。     

部分城市生产资料价格周报(1996年11月4日—11月8日)

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Distribution of six transplasma membrane NADH-dehydrogenases in rat brain tissue

Transplasma membrane redox plays a significant role in cellular activation and growth. Six isoenzymes could be prepared from purified rat brain synaptic plasma membrane. Polyclonal antibodies have been prepared against six transplasma membrane oxydoreductases (PMO-I to PMO-VI) and the tissue distribution of the various iso-enzymes have been investigated in adult rat brains by means of immunohistochemistry. PMO-I is densely observed in layers I, IV and V of the parietal cortex, in CA1 of the hippocampus (except for the molecular layer), in the caudate putamen, in the dorsal, granular and ventral parts of the auditory nuclei, in some loci of the vestibular nuclei as well as in the deep cerebellar nucleus and in the granular layer of the cerebellar cortex. PMO-II is mainly located in the polymorphic layer of the dentate gyrus and in the deep cerebellar nucleus and in the granular layer of the cerebellar cortex. PMO-III is abundant in the piriform cortex, in the pyramidal layers of both CA1 and CA2, in the diagonal band of the basal ganglia, in the supraoptic nucleus and in various loci of the magnetocellular paraventricular nucleus of the hippothalamus as well as in the vestibular nuclei from the brain stem. In addition PMO-III is also densely present in motor nuclei (oculomotor, facial, hypoglossal and ambiguus nuclei), in the reticular formation and in the deep cerebellar nucleus as well as in the Purkinje layer of the cerebellar cortex. PMO-IV has a similar location but is less abundant in the vestibular nuclei of the sensory brain stem and in the motor nucleus. PMO-V in contrast is poorly present in most brain areas compared to the other iso-enzymes, apart of the Purkinje layer of the cerebellar cortex. Finally PMO-VI is mainly present in the oriens layer and in the stratum radiatum of the hippocampus formation, in the supraoptic and lateral magnocellular nucleus of the hypothalamus, in the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus, in the ventral auditory nucleus and in the facial nucleus of the brain stem as well as in red nucleus of the reticular formation and in the Purkinje layer of the cerebellar cortex. These data show that the iso-enzymes are located in specific brain nuclei. The significance of the results in respect to the yet very poorly defined function of PMO's is discussed.     

Resistance to cefoperazone-sulbactam in Klebsiella pneumoniae: evidence for enhanced resistance resulting from the coexistence of two different resistance mechanisms

We investigated the in vitro activity and the in vivo efficacy of the beta-lactam-beta-lactamase inhibitor combination cefoperazone-sulbactam against an isogenic series of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains. Both cefoperazone and cefoperazone-sulbactam were active in vitro against a susceptible clinical strain, and the combination was highly effective in the treatment of rat intra-abdominal abscesses. Loss of expression of a 39-kDa outer membrane protein resulted in at least a fourfold increase in the MICs of cefoperazone and cefoperazone-sulbactam but did not appreciably affect the in vivo efficacy of either regimen. Introduction of plasmid RP4, which encodes the TEM-2 beta-lactamase, into the susceptible strain resulted in the loss of in vitro activity and in vivo efficacy for cefoperazone. The in vitro activity of cefoperazone-sulbactam against this strain was diminished, but the antibiotic combination remained highly active in vivo. Introduction of RP4 into the strain lacking the 39-kDa outer membrane protein resulted in a fourfold increase in the in vitro MIC of cefoperazone-sulbactam in comparison with the beta-lactamase-producing susceptible strain and resulted in a loss of in vivo efficacy against infections caused by this strain. These results suggest that the combination of different resistance mechanisms, neither of which alone results in substantially diminished cefoperazone-sulbactam efficacy in vivo, can cause in vivo resistance to the beta-lactam-beta-lactamase inhibitor combination in K. pneumoniae.     

Diagnostic value of determining hemoglobin in cerebrospinal fluid in acute cerebral circulatory disorders

The results of hemoglobin determination in the CSF by the method of fluorescence microscopy in 195 patients speaks in favor of relative diagnostical importance of hemoglobin in the supra fall-out CSF for establishing the character of the stroke. The following circumstances testify to this fact: 1) in an artificial admixture of blood in the CSF in some cases there may be hemolysis of "passing" erythrocytes; 2) in a genuine admixture of blood, tests of hemoglobin in the centrifugate of the CSF may be negative since in some cases the transition of hemoglobin into bilirubin in the subarachmoid space occurs more rapidly than the hemolysis of erythrocytes. Thus, the hemoglobin does not accumulate in the liquid in quantities, sufficient enough to be measured by the existing methods; 3) in a large amount of artificial blood admixture, even without a hemolysis of "passing" erythrocytes the hemoglobin tests in the centrifugate of the CSF may be positive at the expense of hemoglobin of the blood plasma.     

Introduction to the special section on cognitive processes and psychotherapy.

Theoretical models featuring cognitive processes have played a fundamental role in advancing knowledge of psychopathology and its treatment and have emphasized the importance of cognition in psychotherapy. Recognition of the importance of cognition in psychotherapy has led to a number of questions that are addressed by the articles in this special section of the Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. Cognitive therapy is well represented in the articles in this special section, but therapeutic procedures that do not represent typical cognitive therapy are also examined. The articles in this special section focus on homework in the modification of cognition, cognition in the treatment of anxiety in adults and in children, change in depressive cognitions in children, cognition and rapid change in the treatment of depression, and the role of cognition in the treatment and prevention of depression that is recurrent. Examination of these types of questions holds the possibility of advances in existing treatments and the possibility of innovations in new treatments. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Disseminated histoplasmosis in AIDS patients. A study of 2 cases and review of the Spanish literature

The characteristics of two cases of histoplasmosis in AIDS patients in our institution are presented together with a review of the 11 cases published in Spain since 1988 in addition to the current knowledge on histoplasmosis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV). In all except 2 of the 13 patients there was epidemiologic history of a stay in a country in which histoplasmosis is endemic. The 12 cases described in which this information is available had CD4 counts under 100/microL. The clinical manifestations of presentation were fever (92.3%) associated or not with other unspecific symptoms (asthenia, anorexia, cough, diarrhea) with a subacute course of two or three months. Physical examination demonstrated hepatosplenomegaly in 76.9% of the cases and 61.5% of the patients presented cutaneous lesions. Thoracic radiography was abnormal in 55% (61.5% had respiratory symptoms). Diagnosis was achieved by isolation of the fungus in the cutaneous biopsies in all the patients with dermatologic involvement and in 7 cases identification was performed in the bone marrow. In all the cases induction treatment was with anphotericin B and in those who reached the maintenance phase itraconazol was used in 7 cases and ketoconazol in one case. None of the patients treated with itraconazol, including the two in our center, presented recurrence at the time of completion of follow up. In conclusion, histoplasmosis is frequently presented as a prolonged febrile syndrome with unspecific characteristics, thus emphasizing the importance of including travel history to other countries in the anamnesis. The increase in journeys to endemic countries and immigration from these areas had led to an increase in the number of cases of histoplasmosis in patients with HIV infection in Spain.     

Elevated levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) activities in the sera and milk of cows with naturally occurring coliform mastitis

The presence of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) activities was determined in milk and serum of cows with naturally occurring coliform mastitis (CFM). TNF-alpha was detected in the sera from 26 of 32 cows with CFM. TNF-alpha levels were higher in the sera than in the milk. IL-6 was high in the sera of surviving CFM animals, but was low in animals that died and in healthy controls. Furthermore, the mean level of IL-6 was 20-fold higher in the milk than in the sera of mastitic cows. The level of IL-6 in the serum was correlated to that in the milk in individual animals. The presence of IL-6 and TNF-alpha in the sera appears to relate to severe clinical condition of CFM, in the milk whereas they may play a role in generating inflammation of the mammary gland.     

Sex dimorphism in the functional organization of the cerebral hemispheres during the memorization of verbal information]

Sexual differences in the hemispheric organization of verbal functions were shown in experiments with dichotic presentation of word lists, in Sternbeg's memory scanning task, in studies of EEG power and coherence while memorizing the lists of dichotically presented words. The efficiency of word retrieval and speed of memory scanning for stimuli presented to the right hemisphere were higher in women. EEG activation while memorizing words was more pronounced in men. There were negative correlations between left ear word retrieval and EEG activation in women. The author's findings showed sexual dimorphism in functional connections within the cortical regions of the brain while memorizing verbal information. The changes in coherence were in positive correlation with the efficiency of word retrieval in women and in inverse correlation in men, and this was evidence for the different physiological significance of changes in coherence in men and women. This suggests that the physiological significance of changes in coherence differs in men and women.     

Differential expression of glutamate decarboxylase messenger RNA in cerebellar Purkinje cells and deep cerebellar nuclei of the genetically dystonic rat

The genetically dystonic rat exhibits a motor syndrome that closely resembles the human disease, generalized idiopathic dystonia. Although in humans dystonia is often the result of pathology in the basal ganglia, previous studies have revealed electrophysiological abnormalities and alterations in glutamate decarboxylase, the synthetic enzyme for GABA, in the cerebellum of dystonic rats. In this study, we further characterized the alterations in cerebellar GABAergic transmission in these mutants by examining the expression of the messenger RNA encoding glutamate decarboxylase (67000 mol. wt) with in situ hybridization histochemistry at the single cell level in Purkinje cells and neurons of the deep cerebellar nuclei. Glutamate decarboxylase (67000 mol. wt) messenger RNA levels were increased in the Purkinje cells and decreased in the deep cerebellar nuclei of dystonic rats compared to control littermates, suggesting opposite changes in GABAergic transmission in Purkinje cells and in their target neurons in the deep cerebellar nuclei. In contrast, levels of glutamate decarboxylase (67000 mol. wt) messenger RNA in the pallidum, and of enkephalin messenger RNA in the striatum, were unaffected in dystonic rats. The data indicate that both the Purkinje cells and GABAergic neurons of the deep cerebellar nuclei are the site of significant functional abnormality in the dystonic rat.     

Correlation of the production of gonadotropic and sex hormones in boys and girls during sex maturation

There is an early period of puberty in boys at the age of 10 to 13, accompanied by an increase in the level of follicle stimulating hormone and a low secretion of luteinizing hormone and testosterone, with no secondary sexual signs. The beginning of an increase in the luteinizing hormone and testosterone concentration in boys coincides with the development of secondary sexual signs. The stabilization of the level of luteinizing hormone takes place in boys already at the 2nd degree of the sexual development. The secretion of luteinizing hormone at this point corresponds already to the normal level in adult men. The level of testosterone in the blood continues to increase and does not reach its definitive level until after the age of 17, or at the 5th degree of sexual development. Like in boys, the increase of the follicle stimulating hormone in girls precedes the increase of the luteinizing hormone secretion. The beginning of the increase in the follicle stimulating hormone coincides with an increase in the level of estrogens and testosterone in the blood, and with the appearance of secondary signs of sexual maturation. The increase of the luteinizing hormone secretion takes place later in girls than in boys and is accompanied by a new and significant increase in the level of estrogens in the blood. At the 2nd degree of sexual development, the level of testosterone in the blood of girls is substantially higher than at the other stages.     

Ethanol-induced gastrointestinal damage. Influence of endogenous antioxidant components and gender

This study compared the effects of undiluted and 8% ethanol administered orally on gastrointestinal antioxidant components of male and female rats. Eight percent ethanol increased the activities of duodenal glutathione peroxide (29% in males, 14% in females) and superoxide dismutase in female gastric (24%) and male duodenal (15%) mucosa. This dose of ethanol also increased the glutathione content of gastric mucosa (12% in males, 13% in females). Undiluted ethanol decreased glutathione levels in gastric mucosa (22% in males, 11% in females) and increased glutathione peroxide activity in gastric mucosa (14% in males, 9% in females). Undiluted alcohol also produced decreases in the activity of glutathione reductase in stomach (14% in males, 9% in females) and duodenum (16% in males, 12% in females). Undiluted ethanol caused mucosal damage in the body of the stomach in both genders, accompanied by an increase in luminal pH and fluid accumulation in the stomach; these changes were absent in rats given 8% ethanol. The increase in gastrointestinal antioxidant capacity associated with the administration of 8% ethanol may be a factor in the reported cytoprotective effect of lower doses of ethanol.