人工智能应用于糖尿病视网膜病变的文献计量学分析

背景 近年来,人工智能（AI）在医学领域发展迅速,在糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）中的应用范围不断扩展。目的 通过文献计量分析总结AI在DR领域的应用情况,阐明AI在DR领域相关研究的现状、热点和新兴趋势,以期为未来的研究提供思路。方法 以Web of Science数据库为来源,检索建库至2022-11-04的AI应用于DR领域的相关文献,运用CiteSpace软件对纳入文献进行发文量、国家、机构、作者、共被引和关键词的文献计量学分析。结果共获得1 770篇文献,2011年1月至2022年11月发文量总体呈上升趋势,2021年发文量达峰值（402篇）。中国是发文量（440篇）位居第1的国家,英国为中心性（0.26）最高的国家。机构合作网络图谱共纳入436家机构,以中山大学和首都医科大学为代表。作者合作网络图谱共纳入601位作者,以JIA Y L和HWANG T为代表。GULSHAN V、ABRàMOFF M D与TING D W 3位高被引作者对该领域做出了重要贡献。Ophthalmology、Invest Ophth Vis Sci和Ieee T Med Imaging是AI应用于DR领...     

基于Web of Science数据库的未分化疾病文献计量学和可视化分析

背景近年来未分化疾病（MUPS）正受到国内外学者的广泛关注，而我国在该领域的起步较晚，发展相对靠后，学习国际上学者对于MUPS的研究，对推动我国MUPS领域的发展具有重要意义。目的 运用文献计量学方法，探讨国际上MUPS的研究现状、研究热点和发展趋势。方法 于2022年7—8月，基于Web of Science核心合集数据库检索MUPS相关的文献，检索时限设定为建库至2022-08-15。经过筛选和数据处理后，对纳入的文献从发文量趋势、作者、机构、研究方向分布角度进行文献计量分析，运用Cite Space 6.1R3软件进行国家（地区）合作、文献共被引、关键词共线、关键词聚类、关键词突现的可视化分析。结果 最终纳入1 615篇文献。1985—2022年MUPS领域的年发文量整体呈现上升趋势，以2014—2016年增长最为迅速。发文量排名前3位的作者分别为ROSMALEN J G M(43篇)、WITTHOFT M(41篇)、RIEF W(31篇)，且3位学者论文的总被引频次也位居前10位，分别为954、1 275、1 339次；排名前3位的机构均来自英国，分别为伦敦大学（143篇）、伦...     

基于Web of Science糖尿病肾病护理领域研究热点的可视化分析

目的 探讨基于Web of Science糖尿病肾病护理领域研究热点的可视化分析。方法 检索Web of Science核心合集数据库中2010—2022年糖尿病肾病护理相关文献,以2010—2022年糖尿病肾病护理领域研究现状、热点及前沿,为糖尿病肾病护理提供参考。采用CiteSpace 6.1.R6对文献发文量、关键词及引文等方面进行可视化分析。结果 共纳入文献1360篇,涉及96个国家、411所研究机构和467名作者;发文量总体呈上升趋势,美国居于首位;美国和澳大利亚更为关注研究机构间的合作交流;糖尿病肾病流行病学及并发症研究为该领域的研究热点,而疾病的管理与干预及机制研究为该领域的研究前沿。结论 通过文献可视化分析的结果,可为今后开展更为深入的糖尿病肾病研究及护理工作提供参考依据。     

基于CiteSpace的非稳态负荷相关研究热点及前沿的可视化分析

背景 非稳态负荷是衡量机体慢性应激的多系统生理指标，反映了慢性应激暴露对身体的累积生理负担，对慢性疾病的防治具有重要意义。近年来非稳态负荷相关研究逐渐增多，但国内相关研究发展较慢。回顾非稳态负荷相关研究文献，全面了解该领域发展趋势及热点，有助于促进我国非稳态负荷研究领域的创新发展。目的 通过分析近年来发表的非稳态负荷的相关文献，了解该领域的研究热点和前沿，为以后研究提供参考。方法 在Web of Science核心合集的科学引文索引扩展（SCIE）数据库中检索从建库至2022-12-01以非稳态负荷为主题的文献，应用Microsoft Excel 2019和CiteSpace软件对文献进行发文量、国家、作者、机构和关键词的可视化分析。结果 共纳入509篇文献，年发文量呈缓慢增长趋势，美国是发文量（315篇）和中介中心性（0.65）均位居第一的国家。发文量排名前3位的作者是加拿大的JUSTER(23篇)、美国的SEEMAN(16篇)和美国的KARLAMANGLA(12篇)。发文量排名前3位的机构分别是位于美国的加利福尼亚大学洛杉矶分校（39篇）、加拿大的蒙特利尔大学（21篇）和美国的密歇...     

基于CiteSpace的神经纤毛蛋白-1研究的可视化分析

目的 运用Cite Space分析神经纤毛蛋白-1(NRP1)的研究现状、热点和趋势。方法 检索中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普网及Web of Science核心合集数据库从建库至2022年9月NRP1的相关文献,利用Cite Space对年份、作者、机构及关键词进行可视化分析。结果 共纳入中文文献536篇和英文文献2 444篇,年发文量呈现波动上升趋势。中文文献发文量最多的作者是颜江华和韩正祥,英文作者是Ruhrberg,Christiana。厦门大学和哈佛大学分别是中英文文献发文量最多的机构。胃癌、血管生成、乳腺癌是中文研究热点,表达、受体、内皮生长因子是英文研究热点。结论 NRP1的研究仍处于发展阶段,研究热点和趋势是机制和临床研究。团队间应加强合作,使研究更为系统。     

基于Web of Science数据库虚拟现实技术在护理领域应用的文献计量学分析

目的通过文献计量学的方法分析基于Web of Science数据库虚拟现实技术在护理领域应用的现状及研究热点,为临床研究提供有价值的依据。方法借助计算机系统检索Web of Science核心合集数据库中收录的有关虚拟现实技术在护理领域应用的相关文献,检索范围为2009—2018年通过文献计量学中引文分析的方法,利用Web of Science数据库的文献分析功能,对虚拟现实技术在护理领域应用的研究现状和研究热点进行分析。结果共检索出相关文献91篇,文献发表量总体呈逐年上升的趋势,研究方向集中在教育教学和肿瘤学方向,文献类型以期刊论文为主。美国发文量最多,中国排名第四。发文量最多的机构是美国的迈阿密大学、辛辛那提大学和莱特州立大学,中国发文量最多的机构是香港大学。发文量最多的作者是美国的Farra S。发文量最多的杂志是Clinical Simulation in Nursing。被引频次最高的杂志是美国的Journal of Pediatric Nursing。此领域全球关注的热点是护理教育和疼痛护理,我国在此基础上更关注其在心理护理中的应用。结论 2009—2018年虚拟现实技术在护理领域的应用研究逐渐加强,美国在此领域的研究实力最强,全球研究热点主要集中在护理教育与疼痛护理方面。     

近十年国内外ICU后综合征研究热点可视化分析

目的 了解近十年国内外ICU后综合征(PICS)的研究现状及研究热点,为今后我国PICS的研究方向提供借鉴。方法 通过中国知网数据库及Web of Science核心合集数据库检索2012年1月1日至2022年10月14日公开发表的研究PICS的相关文献,采用CiteSpace5.8.R3软件对所检索文献的国家、作者、期刊及关键词等进行可视化分析。结果 近十年国内外PICS研究领域发文量呈整体上升趋势,共检索得到中文文献143篇,英文文献352篇;美国发文量(163篇)位居首位,密歇根大学为发文量最多的机构(36篇);国外研究热点集中在危重症患者的PICS、ICU幸存者的生活质量、PICS长期结局、创伤后应激障碍及认知损害等方面,国内研究则集中在PICS的影响因素、护理干预及早期康复等方面。结论 PICS受到越来越多研究者的重视,未来研究需加强与高产国家及机构的交流合作,共同致力于改善PICS患者的不良结局及生活质量。     

基于CiteSpace和VOSviewer分析fMRI在认知功能研究中的应用

目的 了解功能磁共振成像（Function Magnetic Resonance Imaging,fMRI）在认知功能领域的研究进展、热点趋势以及未来发展方向。方法 检索2012—2022年CNKI和Web of Science数据库中关于fMRI在认知功能研究中应用的中英文文献。借助CiteSpace和VOSviewer软件对发文的国家、作者合作关系、发文机构、被引频次和关键词进行可视化分析。结果 CNKI文献纳入研究1220篇,发文量逐年增长,合作团体较少,机构内部合作紧密,发文量最高的机构是首都医科大学宣武医院;关键词“低频振幅”“功能连接”出现的频次较高,研究集中于糖尿病、抑郁症、痴呆等疾病,主要关注注意力、记忆、短时记忆、执行功能等认知功能。Web of Science文献纳入研究10056篇,文献中作者形成多个合作团体,团体之间合作紧密,发文量最高的机构是Harvard Medical School,关键词“functional connectivity”“brain network”“default mode network”等出现频次较高,研究集中于阿尔茨海默病、轻度认...     

间歇性禁食国际研究进展与热点的可视化分析

背景 间歇性禁食指设定进食时间,并在进食时间之外保持禁食的饮食方式。随着研究的深入,该饮食方式已被证明在慢性病防治中可发挥重要作用。目的 对国际上间歇性禁食近10余年的研究热点和趋势进行可视化分析,为该领域未来研究提供参考和依据。方法 2022-04-26,检索Web of Science核心数据库中间歇性禁食主题相关研究,检索时限设定为2010年1月至2022年4月。通过CiteSpace软件对纳入文献的学科分布、作者及机构合作关系、高频关键词、突现性被引关键词等进行分析,并绘制相关图谱。结果 最终检索纳入2 786篇文献。2010—2022年间歇性禁食相关论文的发文量呈现逐年上升的趋势,但全球研究水平仍然不均衡。发文量最高的国家为美国（650篇）,发文量最高的机构为伊利诺伊大学（49篇）,发文量最高的作者为伊利诺伊大学的Krista A Varady(26篇)。研究高频关键词主要包括减重、间歇性禁食、肥胖、胰岛素抵抗、代谢、热量限制、基因表达、生物节律和饮食等;研究主题聚类后重新命名得到食物摄入限制、生物节律、体质量控制、代谢相关疾病和其他疾病、相关机制研究;突现关键词包括时间限制...     

溃疡性结肠炎生物制剂的研究现状和热点分析

目的 分析溃疡性结肠炎(UC)生物制剂的研究现状、热点和发展趋势,为我国UC生物制剂的相关研究提供参考。方法 检索Web of Science核心合集数据库中发表于2013年1月1日至2022年12月31日关于UC生物制剂研究的相关文献,利用文献计量在线分析平台(https://bibliometric.com/)和CiteSpace软件统计分析相关研究的发文量、国家/地区、机构、作者、期刊等文献关键特征。结果 共纳入文献3 928篇,年发文量整体呈逐年增加的趋势;开展该领域研究的国家/地区有109个,美国占领先优势(1 209篇,占总发文量的31.03%),且与其他国家合作密切;参与该领域研究的机构共456个,加州大学圣地亚哥分校的发文量(121篇)和中心度(0.09)均排名首位;发文量最大的作者是法国洛林大学的Peyrin-Biroulet L(101篇),共被引频次排名首位的作者是加州大学圣地亚哥分校的Sandborn W J(1 055次);共计1 012个期刊发表了相关文献,发文量和共被引频次最高的期刊均为Inflammatory Bowel Diseases(267篇,1 ...     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.