825镍基复合管热丝TIG焊接接头组织与性能分析

采用热丝TIG焊接方法对L360QS/N08825双金属复合管进行焊接,并研究分析了焊接接头的显微组织和性能。结果表明:焊缝中心的显微组织较为均匀,大部分为胞状晶,过渡层存在少量柱状晶,盖面层存在少量树枝晶;常温下焊接接头的平均抗拉强度为521 MPa,为典型的韧性断裂;-30℃下焊缝及热影响区的冲击吸收功分别为120 J和231 J,断口分析表明分别为混合式断裂和韧性断裂;热影响区及焊缝硬度明显高于母材,根焊层焊缝区硬度约为265 HV,明显高于其他焊道。     

船用管-管机器人焊接接头组织和性能

采用机器人焊接系统进行了船用管-管MAG对接焊,分析了管焊接接头的力学性能和微观组织.结果表明:侧弯试验的试样焊缝和熔合区均无裂纹,焊接接头的抗拉强度高于母材,焊缝金属的硬度均高于其两侧的热影响区和母材,且其冲击吸收功明显高于热影响区,在熔合线外2mm和5mm处,热影响区的冲击吸收功明显较低.由于采用多层多道焊,后层焊道对前层焊道的重复加热类似于"正火",使得焊缝层间柱状晶组织被打乱,获得细小的铁素体+少量珠光体组织,对焊缝金属的性能起到了很好的改善作用:而热影响区粗晶区粗大的魏氏组织和不完全重结晶区存在的大块铁素体,导致韧性明显降低.     

低合金钢与不锈钢AA-TIG自熔焊接头组织及力学性能

采用电弧辅助活性TIG焊(AA-TIG)对8 mm厚的SA537 CL2低合金钢和S32168不锈钢进行不开坡口对接自熔焊试验,实现了高效的单面焊双面成形,对接头显微组织及力学性能进行了分析。结果表明,SA537 CL2热影响区产生了颗粒状的贝氏体,SA537 CL2侧熔合区组织为相互交错的颗粒状贝氏体与板条马氏体,焊缝的显微组织主要为板条马氏体和残余奥氏体,S32168热影响区组织仍为奥氏体,晶粒略有长大;接头硬度高于母材,在SA537 CL2与焊缝的熔合界面处碳积聚形成高硬度的增碳层;室温拉伸断裂于SA537 CL2侧熔合区,为韧性断裂;-20 ℃的焊缝冲击吸收能量可以达到SA537 CL2母材水平;接头面弯、背弯检验合格。     

TC4厚壁管全位置PAW工艺及接头性能分析

介绍了一种适合TC4钛合金厚壁管的等离子弧焊接新工艺,通过对工艺参数分区控制和优化匹配,实现了钛合金管道全位置优质焊接.采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜以及显微维氏硬度仪分别对特征位置焊接接头的显微组织、断口形貌以及显微硬度进行表征.结果表明,特征位置接头焊缝区及热影响区显微组织均主要由网篮状α'相、针状α相以及粗大β相组成;接头拉伸性能良好,拉伸试样均断裂于母材处;冲击试样的断裂形式为韧性断裂;焊缝区及热影响区硬化区的硬度值高于母材.     

厚板铜镍合金电子束焊的接头组织与力学性能

采用真空电子束焊接实现了船用厚板铜镍合金的优质可靠连接,焊后对接头组织、显微硬度、拉伸性能和冲击性能进行了测试研究。研究结果表明,焊缝为粗大的枝晶组织,热影响区为晶粒大小不等的孪晶组织,靠近焊缝处晶粒有异常长大;接头显微硬度最高值为HV0.2122,出现在热影响区;焊接接头最大抗拉强度达到342 MPa,与母材等强,拉伸试样均在母材断裂,拉伸断口分布大小不一的韧窝,呈明显的韧性断裂特性;焊缝最高冲击吸收功达到160 J,高于母材的,热影响区最低冲击吸收功121 J,略低于母材的。     

7 mm厚TC4钛合金电子束焊接头组织和性能

采用真空电子束焊对7 mm厚TC4钛合金板进行焊接,利用光学显微镜对焊接接头显微组织进行表征,分析不同区域显微组织,通过显微硬度、拉伸试验、冲击试验、弯曲试验对力学性能进行测试,借助扫描电镜对拉伸、冲击断口形貌进行观察,对焊接接头显微组织演变规律和性能进行研究。结果表明,真空电子束焊焊接接头成形良好,TC4钛合金母材组织由α相和β相组成,焊缝区组织由原始的β相转变而成α′相（针状马氏体）,为粗大的柱状晶组织,热影响区组织由均匀且细小的针状马氏体α′相及原始的α相和β相组成;焊缝区显微硬度高于热影响区和母材区,从焊缝顶部到根部显微硬度逐渐下降;焊接接头抗拉强度高于母材抗拉强度;V形缺口在焊缝区的冲击试样具有较好的韧性。     

不同激光焊方法对5A06铝合金中厚板组织及性能的影响

采用单激光焊和激光填丝焊研究了6 mm厚5A06铝合金中厚板的焊接性,分析了焊缝的形貌、力学性能和显微组织。结果表明：2种激光焊方法的焊缝形貌存在一定差异,激光填丝焊的焊缝鱼鳞纹更加均匀,单激光焊时的飞溅较多,焊缝熔宽更小且有咬边的现象;焊接接头的抗拉强度和显微硬度均低于母材的抗拉强度和显微硬度,激光填丝焊的抗拉强度能达到母材的80%以上,且其抗拉强度、伸长率和显微硬度均值均优于单激光焊的;焊缝区组织、熔合区和热影响区组织均分别为等轴枝晶、柱状晶和纤维状组织,熔合区与热影响区的界限明显,激光填丝焊焊缝区的等轴枝晶晶粒更细,熔合区的柱状晶数量占比更小。     

大热输入焊接EH36船板钢接头力学性能

以EH36高强度船板钢为研究对象,通过拉伸和冲击分析试验手段,对EH36船板钢不同热输入埋弧焊接头进行了力学性能测试,同时采用扫描电镜对冲击试样断口形貌进行分析.结果表明,所有断裂均发生在拉伸试样的母材区,EH36船板钢在大焊接热输入条件下,焊缝和焊接热影响区的强度好于母材,并没有出现热影响区软化现象;随着焊接热输入增加焊缝的冲击韧性降低,从焊缝和熔合区断口形貌来看,断裂类型为韧性断裂和准解理断裂的混合断裂.随着远离熔合线距离的增加,冲击吸收功有增加的趋势,在距离熔合线4 mm处的冲击吸收功跟母材接近,说明该位置处韧性基本不受焊接热循环的影响.     

焊后热处理温度对G115/T92异种钢接头组织及力学性能的影响

利用钨极氩弧焊(GTAW)和手工电弧焊(SMAW),采用767、774、790℃3种焊后热处理温度对G115/T92异种钢进行焊接试验,并利用光学显微镜、显微硬度仪、拉伸试验机、冲击试验机等对焊接接头的显微组织及力学性能进行研究。结果表明:接头焊缝、热影响区均为典型的回火马氏体组织,T92钢侧熔合线附近δ-铁素体的体积分数分别为0. 3%、0. 1%、0. 1%。随着焊后热处理温度升高,显微硬度、室温强度降低,焊缝冲击吸收能量增大,室温强度和冲击吸收能量均符合母材标准要求。室温拉伸断裂均发生在T92钢侧母材,650℃高温断口位于T92钢侧不完全相变区。推荐焊后热处理温度为(770±5)℃,偏上限控制。     

A286不锈钢薄板激光焊接工艺性研究

采用激光焊对0.635 mm厚的A286不锈钢薄板进行填丝焊接,分析测试了焊接接头的微观组织、显微硬度、力学性能以及断口形貌。结果表明,焊缝区组织为柱状晶奥氏体基体上分布着少量枝晶间的δ铁素体,热影响区发生了回复和再结晶,晶粒有一定程度的长大;母材和焊缝之间没有平直明显的熔合线;热影响区和焊缝区的平均显微硬度高于母材区的;在常温和高温拉伸过程中,焊接接头均在母材处断裂,并且断裂形式为典型的韧性断裂,焊缝满足强度要求。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

The Mirror with Patterns of Auspicious Animals and Grapes——Exquisite cast mirror and the technology of surface tin-enrichment by rubbing-in and infiltration of tin-rich powder

<正>Bronze mirrors were used by the Chinese people before the introduction of the glass mirror.Only after it was replaced by the glass mirror did the bronze mirror gradually retreat from people's lives.Different styles of bronze mirrors were made in different historical periods,particularly in the Warring States Period,the Han and Tang Dynasties,which were the three peaks of the development of bronze mirror arts in ancient China.The casting techniques were exquisite.The surface of the bronze mirror was smooth and bright enough to reflect one's image,and there were scarcely any casting defects on the mirror surface.On the back of the bronze mirror,there were rich depictions of Arts and Humanities,and the ornamentations were also     

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress & Exhibition

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress ＆ Exhibition was held on July 22-24, 2014 at Shanghai New International Expc Centre. This exhibition was the most successful over the years, with over 6890 visitors and 155 exhibitors, and the exhibition area increased by 30% from 9,500 square meters in 2012 to 12340 square meters. Die casting enterprises from a total of 24 countries and regions, including China mainland, Chinese Taiwan and Hong Kong, South Korea, Japan, Germany, India, Thailand, Malaysia, the United States, Russia, Australia, Iran, Ukraine, Brazil, Colombia, Singapore, Austria, Canada, Croatia, France, Turkey, United Kingdom, Vietnam, attended the congress and exhibition.     

Introduction of the Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology

正The Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology was set up in 1996.The researches of institute concentrate on electro-hydraulic(pneumatic)servo/proportional control and hydromechatronics.The Institute is committed to research and development of electro-hydraulic control of high-end technical equipment in ferrous metallurgy refining produc-     

RARE METALS Volume Contents

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Antimony Induced Crystallization of Amorphous Silicon

Antimony induced crystallization of PVD (physics vapor deposition) amorphous silicon can be observed on sapphire substrates. Very large crystalline regions up to several tens of micrometers can be formed. The Si diffraction patterns of the area of crystallization can be observed with TEM (transmission electron microscopy). Only a few and much smaller crystals of the order of 1μm were formed when the antimony layer was deposited by MBE (molecular beam epitaxy) compared with a layer formed by thermal evaporation. The use of high vacuum is essential in order to observe any Sb induced crystallization at all. In addition it is necessary to take measures to limit the evaporation of the antimony.     

A CUMULATIVE FATIGUE DAMAGE RULE UNDER THE ALTERNATIVE OF CORROSION OR CYCLIC LOADING

Fatigue damage increases with the applied loading cycles in a cumulative manner and the material deteriorates with the corrosion time. A cumulative fatigue damage rule under the alternative of corrosion or cyclic loading was proposed. The specimens of aluminum alloy LY12-CZ soaked in corrosive liquid for different times were tested under the constant amplitude cyclic loading to obtain S-N curves. The test was carried out to verify the proposed cumulative fatigue damage rule under the different combinations among corrosion time, loading level, and the cycle numbers. It was shown that the predicted residual fatigue lives showed a good agreement with the experimental results and the proposed rule was simple and can be easily adopted.