气侯条件对甜菜产量的影响

河西走廊是甘肃省甜菜的集中产区,也是我国甜菜高产高糖区之一。用与全省甜菜产量水平高度相关的武威地区多年产量资料与气候资料进行统计分析,以研究气候条件对甜菜产量的影响。得出温度条件是影响甜菜产量的主导因子,影响的关键时段是块根迅速膨大期和成熟期。     

气侯条件对甜菜产量的影响

河西走廊是甘肃省甜菜的集中产区,也是我国甜菜高产高糖区之一。用与全省甜菜产量水平高度相关的武威地区多年产量资料与气候资料进行统计分析,以研究气候条件对甜菜产量的影响。得出温度条件是影响甜菜产量的主导因子,影响的关键时段是块根迅速膨大期和成熟期。     

伊犁河谷甜菜种子高产优质的自然因素研究

新疆伊犁河谷具有独特的有利于甜菜育种的自然气候条件,甜菜露地越冬及母根窖藏栽植其种子产高质优。伊犁河谷将成为我国甜菜适宜繁殖带之一。     

彰武甜菜生产与气象条件关系研究

1引言彰武县自利年代初引种甜菜,至今已有20多年的栽培历史,目前甜菜已成为本县的一种重要经济作物,糖的产量约占全省的33％。由于甜菜生产受到种子、土壤、肥力、气候等诸多因素的不利影响,其产量、含糖率低而不稳。根据资料分析气象因子往往成为制约甜菜生产的重要因素,因此有必要对彰武甜菜生产与气象条件关系进行研究探讨。资料年代为1972～1995年;气象资料来源彰武气象站,甜菜资料来源彰武县制糖厂历年田间调查实况。2彰武甜菜生育期的气候条件彰武县地处中纬度,属中温带半湿润大陆性气候。本县气候特点是：雨热同季,日照充足…     

对甜菜发育速度及含糖量的影响

甜菜的生长发育及产、质量的高低受品种、自然生态因子和人工生态因子综合制约.本文分析了新疆主要甜菜产区的石河子气候生态因子对甜菜发育速度、含糖量的影响,探讨并建立甜菜的生长发育进程及含糖量的预测数学模型,为甜菜生产的发展和制糖工业提出评价和依据.     

1992年通过鉴定登记的全省气象科研成果

1 甘肃省甜菜生态气候适应性的研究完成单位:甘肃省气象局气候处协作单位:兰州气象学校主要研究人员:邓振镛、邓国伦、方德彪内容提要:该成果基本摸清了甜菜生长发育过程中对光热水诸因素的需求和指标,得出了影响产量和含糖率的利弊气象因子及关键期,确定了我省甜菜不同类型的生态气候区。从而划分出河西走廊海拔高度在1300—1700m 的平川区和黄河干流     

彰武甜菜生产与气象条件关系研究

彰武县自70年代初引种甜菜,至今已有20多年的栽培历史,目前甜菜已成为本县的一种重要经济作物,糖的产量约占全省的33％。由于甜菜生产受到种子、土壤、肥力、气候等诸多因素的不利影响,其产量、含糖率低而不稳。根据资料分析气象因子往往成为制约甜菜生产的重要因素,因此有必要对彰武甜菜生产与气象条件关系进行研究探讨。     

甘肃武威市作物气候─经济优势分析及种植结构调整方案

通过建立增产性能、稳产性能、重要性能、经济性能、抗旱性能 5个评价指标的隶属函数 ,运用模糊数学方法计算了武威市主要种植作物的气候经济优势 ,得出了在武威市目前社会、自然和经济条件下最具优势的 4种种植作物依次为玉米、甜菜、油菜和小麦。根据气候经济优势度值对现有种植结构提出了调整方案     

甜菜含糖率与气象条件的统计学分析

我省甜菜大部分种植在河西走廊。本文利用武威黄羊镇糖厂1967—1990年的菜丝含糖率与武威市气象资料进行统计学分析,找出影响含糖率的关键气象因子和关键期,并建立甜菜含糖率的气候模型,为建立甜菜生产基地、充分合理利用农业气候资源提出科学建议。一、甜菜含糖率的波动性河西甜菜丝含糖率一般都在16％以上,平均值为16.19％,最高年份1969年达     

1987年石河子地区甜菜糖分下降的气候条件分析

石河子从1957年大面积种植甜菜以来,由于产量高、质量好而驰名中外。但由于气候的年际变化,甜菜产量和质量波动较大,尤其是1987年在甜菜生长季节气候反常,导致含糖量下降。“八一”制糖厂从9月18日开机生产到12月31日,测得菜丝平均含糖14.76%,比1986年同期平均减少2.31%,比多年同期平均下降3.01%。这是该厂建厂29年来最低的菜丝含糖值。“八一”制糖厂     

影响勐海甘蔗产量与糖分的气候因子变化特征

为在甘蔗栽培、糖业生产、糖业贸易中针对气候因子的变化采取及时有效的应对措施提供依据,对影响云南勐海甘蔗产量和糖分的气候因子近45年来的趋势性、阶段性和周期性进行分析。结果表明：影响甘蔗产量的气候因子中,3~10月的积温增加趋势显著;3~10月的积温和降水量有显著的阶段性;3~10月的积温、降水量、日照时数都有显著的振荡周期。影响甘蔗糖分的气候因子中,10~11月的平均最低气温增加趋势比较显著,有显著的周期性和阶段性;11月至次年2月的降水量有3~4年的振荡周期,趋势性和阶段性不显著。     

Future Climate Impact on the Productivity of Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris L.) in Europe

The impact of future climate change on sugar beet yields is assessed over western Europe using future (2021–2050) climate scenario data from a General Circulation Model (GCM) and the Broom's Barn simulation model of rain-fed crop growth and yield. GCM output for the 1961–1990 period is first compared with observed climate data and shown to be reliable for regions west of 24° E. Comparisons east of this meridian were less reliable with this GCM (HadCM2) and so were omitted from simulations of crop yield. Climate change is expected to bring yield increases of around 1 t/ha of sugar in northern Europe with decreases of a similar magnitude in northern France, Belgium and west/central Poland, for the period 2021–2050. Averaged for the study area (weighted by current regional production), yields show no overall change due to changed climate. However, this figure masks significant increases in yield potential (due to accelerated growth in warmer springs) and in losses due to drought stress. Drought losses are predicted to approximately double in areas with an existing problem and to become a serious new problem in NE France and Belgium. Overall west and central Europe simulated average drought losses rise from 7% (1961–1990) to 18% (2021–2050). The annual variability of yield (as measured by the coefficient of variation) will increase by half, from 10% to 15% compared to 1961–1990, again with potentially serious consequences for the sugar industry. The importance of crop breeding for drought tolerance is further emphasised. These changes are independent of the 9% yield increase which we estimate, on the basis of work by Demmers-Derks et al. (1998), is the likely direct effect of the increase in atmospheric CO₂ concentration by 2021–2050.     

Biofuel scenarios in a water perspective: The global blue and green water footprint of road transport in 2030

Concerns over energy security and climate change stimulate developments towards renewable energy. Transport is expected to switch from fossil fuel use to the use of fuel mixtures with a larger fraction of biofuels, e.g. bio-ethanol and biodiesel. Growing biomass for biofuels requires water, a scarce resource. Existing scenarios on freshwater use usually consider changes in food and livestock production, and industrial and domestic activities. This research assesses global water use changes related to increasing biofuel use for road transport in 2030 and evaluates the potential contribution to water scarcity. To investigate water demand changes related to a transition to biofuels in road transport, the study combines data from water footprint (WF) analyses with information from the IEA APS energy scenario for 2030. It includes first-generation biofuels, bio-ethanol from sugar cane, sugar beet, sweet sorghum, wheat and maize, and biodiesel from soybean, rapeseed, jatropha and oil palm. Under the IEA APS scenario, the global biofuel WF will increase more than tenfold in the period 2005–2030. The USA, China and Brazil together will contribute half of the global biofuel WF. In many countries, blue biofuel WFs significantly contribute to blue water scarcity. The research provides a first exploration of the potential contribution of transport biofuel use to blue water scarcity. In 2030, the global blue biofuel WF might have grown to 5.5% of the totally available blue water for humans, causing extra pressure on fresh water resources. When biofuel use continues to expand after 2030, countries should therefore consider the water factor when investigating the extent to which biofuels can satisfy future transport energy demand.     

城市举办大型活动的气候适宜期及其确定方法

根据河南城市大型商贸文体活动日益增多的实际需要,按不同活动对气候条件的要求,提出用单项排除和综合舒适指数两种方法来确定气候适宜期,并构建了多要素综合舒适指数的计算方法。在此基础上,以郑州为例,用以上两种方法确定了郑州举办大型社会活动的适宜的季节和日期,为决策机构提供了一项基本的气候依据。     

Natural climatic variability and the Norse settlements in Greenland

A multi-millennial simulation with the CSIRO Mark 2 coupled global climatic model has been used to determine whether climatic conditions approximate to those experienced by the medieval Norse settlers in Greenland could be identified. The aim of this analysis was to see whether such conditions could be replicated by the natural climatic variability in this unforced simulation, in order to counteract claims that the current observed global warming is merely another example of this type of climatic regime. This view has been expressed in the media in an attempt to refute the existence of a CO₂-induced global warming. A 291-year period of above-average temperature followed by a 41-year cooler period were identified in one millennium of the simulation, and subsequently used as an analogue of conditions representative of the time of the Norse settlements. Considerable interannual variability existed in both these periods, but with noticeable positive and negative surface temperature anomalies in the warm and cold periods respectively. Thus the warm period was not a time of uniform benign conditions. Above-average precipitation was also associated with the warm period, and these climatic conditions would have enhanced pasture growth and hay production (the only crop the Norse produced) thereby sustaining the livelihood of the Norse Greenlanders. The climatic conditions associated with the cold period in the model were probably sufficient to limit the survival prospects of the settlers, especially when other, probably more critical, deleterious factors are taken into account. The temperature anomalies replicated in the simulation are similar to the limited proxy data, but may be smaller in magnitude: nevertheless they appear to be sufficiently large to have affected the viability of the Norse Greenlanders. After considering possible climatic mechanisms that could have contributed to these warm and cold periods it was concluded that they are simply a consequence of stochastic influences generated by nonlinear processes in the simulation. Thus this simulation provides no support for the contention that the current global warming is a manifestation of conditions prevailing during the Norse settlements in Greenland.     

山东旱涝气候变迁的五个阶段

本文根据山东旱涝气候变化中盛行的7—8年周期,确定将1470—1985年的山东旱涝演变划分为60个气候时段,用模糊信息检索方法把这些气候时段分为6种类型,根据气候时段序列具有的规律使用模糊判别法定出判据,又进一步将60个气候时段分别划归五个气候阶段,得出:干旱少雨的第5气候阶段将在本世纪末以前继续维持.     

新旧气候平均值的差异及其对西南气候业务的影响

选取西南地区短期气候预测业务选定的81个气象站,将其1971~2000年30年气候平均值与1981~2010年30年气候平均值进行比较,结果发现,就西南大部分地区而言,前者所表征的气候较后者更冷湿。把两个平均值放在长序列中分析,发现冬季平均气温和汛期降水量平均值的变化幅度较大,这些变化已经对气候影响评价、气候预测业务产生影响。     

秋冬气候变化对乌鲁木齐冬小麦播期的影响

通过对1976-2006年秋冬气候条件分析。得出鸟鲁木齐冬小麦冬前生长期间和越冬期间的气候条件发生了较明显的变化,表现为气温升高、降水减少、冬前〉0℃积温增加,越冬期初日后推,冬前生长期延长,越冬期间负积温减少。结果表明随着气候的变暖适当晚播更有利于冬小麦生长,冬小麦的适宜播种期应在传统播种期的基础上向后推迟一候左右。     

青枣气候品质等级评价模型构建及应用

基于2015-2016年福建、广东青枣主产区田间试验的62个鲜果样本主要品质要素,采用相关分析、加权指数求和法,结合文献查阅、专家调研以及常规农业气象条件定量化等级评价标准,筛选影响青枣品质的关键气候因子,构建青枣气候品质等级评价模型,并利用2014-2019年青枣产区36个独立样本进行验证,分析福建主产区青枣气候品质...