基于分解算法的动态大规模合乘匹配-路径规划

动态合乘是出行路线相似的出行者共用一辆车的交通方式,能够有效利用现有资源,最大化社会效益.当前合乘研究存在司机-乘客匹配质量不高,算法实时性差等局限.提出了考虑订单匹配数量、司机旅行时间、乘客等待时间与乘客延误时间的司机-乘客合乘匹配模型.针对模型特点,设计了基于分解方法的司机-乘客合乘匹配与路径规划算法.通过选择贪心...     

重大公共卫生事件下通勤出行合乘车辆路径优化

【目的】降低无车员工通勤出行风险,提高通勤效率。【方法】首先,以参与合乘人数最多为第一优化目标、通勤合乘时间最短为第二优化目标,并考虑车辆额定载客量、员工上班时间限制及绕行时间等因素,构建单位通勤合乘车辆路径优化模型;然后,基于遗传算法,进行最佳合乘路径求解;最后,进行算例分析、参数灵敏度分析及员工居住地分散程度的影响分析。【结果】与非合乘相比,单位组织员工内部合乘后,员工的平均通勤时间减少了24.77 min,合乘匹配成功率达到了97.14%;合乘小组人数和员工拥车率在一定范围内对合乘效果影响较大;员工居住地集中时,合乘效果更好。【结论】合乘可有效地为无车员工提供通勤帮助,减少员工通勤时间。     

用于哼唱识别精确匹配的线性伸缩动态规划算法

提出一种用于哼唱识别精确匹配的线性伸缩动态规划算法。该算法将哼唱旋律切割成句子,对每一句子进行线性伸缩匹配,同时在句子层次进行动态规划获得最优路径。该算法更有效地利用了哼唱语音的分段特性并克服了动态规划在长路径搜索时可能丢失全局最优路径的缺点。在含5 223首M ID I的数据库上同等条件下该算法正确率分别比线性伸缩、动态规划及递归匹配方法提高10.5%、6.0%和2.8%。该算法具有更高的准确率和更小的时间复杂度,是一种更有效的精确匹配算法。     

考虑需求变化与时变路网的同城货运路径优化

为了使客户得到更加优质的服务,设计科学合理的算法进行车-货匹配并优化车辆路径,结合同城货运平台订单需求实时变化特点,以车辆使用成本、燃油成本、延误或提前到达货主位置产生的违约成本、为避免道路拥堵或产生过大违约成本产生的等待成本最小为目标函数,建立考虑车-货匹配、城市时变路网等约束的车辆路径优化模型。设计一种混合量子粒子群优化算法,决策最优货物匹配方案、车辆路径及车辆运行时间计划方案。研究结果表明：设计改进的量子粒子群算法得到的小规模算例优化解与Cplex优化软件得到最优解的相对偏差为3.7%,但所设计算法的平均求解时间仅需54.84 s,而Cplex的平均求解时间则需8 640.80 s;在合理规划周期内,所提出的路径规划模型可通过调整车辆出发时间有效地将违约成本转化为代价较低的等待成本,或通过牺牲油耗成本降低违约和等待成本从而降低平台运营总成本;当单位等待成本为单位违约成本的30%时,考虑时变路网可有效降低平台运营总成本,当单位等待成本为单位违约成本的20%时,考虑时变路网可降低0.7%的平台运营总成本,当不考虑等待成本时,考虑时变路网可降低10.6%的平台运营总成本。     

单亲遗传算法在物流合乘优化中的应用

本文运用单亲遗传算法解决物流合乘的路径优化问题。通过在染色体上基因换位、移位、逆转等基因重组操作进行个体繁衍,经过若干代的繁衍迭代,从所有的上下车点中找出一条最优的、费用最少的路径。实验结果表明,该算法在提高合乘成功率的同时,还有效地降低了车辆运行时的总成本。     

弹性需求的Logit随机共乘用户均衡模型和算法

基于Logit选择模型和弹性需求函数,建立了弹性需求的Logit随机共乘用户均衡模型,并提出了自适应并行投影算法以求解共乘出行交通分配问题,最后通过2个城市交通网络算例验证了模型和算法的有效性。结果表明：弹性需求参数和用户感知离散参数是影响共乘出行的重要因素,出行需求和平均出行时间随着弹性需求参数和用户感知离散参数的增加而降低;所提出算法可求解大规模共乘出行交通分配问题并获得全局最优解。     

高速公路通道路网交通诱导决策模型

为解决灾变事件发生时一条最优路径和多条可绕行路径的决策问题,应用图论及最优化理论相关方法构建模型.以通道路网为研究对象、实时安全可靠度为基本约束条件,采用图论相关方法研究了诱导起终点间通路求解方法.应用最优化理论建立运营安全最优路径决策模型,并采用Dijkstra算法求解最优路径.在解决最优路径的基础上,引入重复度的概念及相应算法,研究其他可绕行路径的决策模型.针对高速公路通道路网,构建了灾变事件下的交通诱导决策模型,解决综合考虑安全、行程时间和通行需求的路径决策.结果表明,图论方法能求解任意起终点间的所有通路,Dijkstra算法能求解最优路径,应用重复度算法可寻求其他可绕行路径以满足灾变事件下的绕行需求.     

高自由度响应公交分区路径与调度的协调优化

因乘客乘车时长、车辆容量等的限制,较大服务区域内可能需要开通多条线路、运行多辆车,故有必要进一步划分服务区域,按分区安排发车时间、配置车辆、优化行车路径等。考虑预约型乘客的出行需求,构建了协调优化分区路径与调度的迭代算法。针对每个分区,以乘客出行时间窗要求、车辆容量、车辆出行时长等为约束,以车辆总费用最小为目标,基于VRP方法构建了分区路径优化模型,设计了遗传模拟退火求解算法。通过多组试验获知,车型可选时,无论需求大小,均可降低总费用,但需求越大,总费用降低程度越小;总费用与分区数相关,低需求量时分区可能产生不利影响,较高需求量时适当分区将大大降低总费用,最优分区数不随需求量的增加而增加;本优化方法能显著减低总费用。     

采用偏最小二乘法的基因-药物共模块识别

首先,将药物二维化学结构转化为数值序列,计算药物之间的皮尔逊相关系数,进而构建药物关联网络;然后,在带有基因网络约束的稀疏偏最小二乘算法的基础上,加入药物关联网络信息,提出伴有基因和药物关联网络正则约束的稀疏偏最小二乘(SGDPLS)算法;最后,将SGDPLS算法应用于基因-药物共模块识别.结果表明:药物关联网络信息的加入能够有效提高所识别的共模块中基因模块与药物模块的相关性,增加共模块的生物可解释性.     

基于区间路网信息的机场定制巴士路径优化

为了满足旅客个性化和多样化的接驳需求,提出了一种需求响应型的机场定制巴士,并在区间路网信息下对机场定制巴士的路径优化进行了研究。在综合考虑乘客和运营企业的利益后,以需求满足最大化、车辆行驶成本和乘客时间成本最小化以及终点时间偏差最小化为目标,构建了区间路网信息下的机场订制巴士路径优化模型,并设计出一种模拟退火和遗传混合的算法进行模型求解。最后采用模拟机场定制巴士数据的方法来对构建的路径优化模型和算法进行了验证。研究结果表明,模型和算法合理有效,可操作性强。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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