恶性胸膜间皮瘤15例临床分析

回顾性分析 1991年 7月 -2 0 0 1年 7月住院的 15例胸膜间皮瘤患者的资料 ,分析患者的病史、临床表现及影像学特点 ,探讨恶性胸膜间皮瘤的诊断 ,以减少误诊误治     

恶性胸膜间皮瘤15例临床分析

回顾性分析1991年7月-2001年7月住院的15例胸膜间皮瘤患者的资料，分析患者的病史、临床表现及影像学特点，探讨恶性胸膜间皮瘤的诊断，以减少误诊误治。     

恶性胸膜间皮瘤12例分析

胸膜间皮瘤为胸膜的原发性肿瘤 ,发病率低 ,误诊率高。肥城市人民医院 1985年 3月～ 1999年 3月共收治恶性胸膜间皮瘤 12例 ,其中 2例误诊为良性疾病。 12例均经病理和细胞学检查证实 ,报告如下。1　临床资料1.1　一般资料本组 12例中 ,男 7例 ,女 5例 ;年龄 16～ 72岁 ,平均年     

胸膜恶性间皮瘤2例

胸膜间皮瘤是发生于胸膜间皮细胞少见的肿瘤。局限性恶性间皮瘤更为少见,该病可累及肺、肋骨、心包膜、膈肌。主要采用手术治疗,报告2例如下:例1.女,20岁。以持续左胸前钝痛2年于1988年5月1日入院。体检:左胸前第6肋肿物隆起6×4.5cm,轻压痛。血沉 30/小时,血胆碱酯酶150IU,胸片:左胸腔实质性阴影10×10cm,第6肋骨破坏3×2cm。术前诊断:左胸壁恶性肿瘤。于1988年5月13日在气管插管静脉内麻醉下行左胸壁肿瘤扩大切除术,距肿物5cm作棱形切口20×10cm,第4肋间进     

恶性胸膜间皮瘤的临床特征及预后分析

目的探讨恶性胸膜间皮瘤(MPM)的临床特征及预后因素。方法回顾性分析1990年1月至2013年12月间收治的151例MPM患者的临床资料,并分析其预后因素。结果患者中位年龄52岁(16~78岁),有石棉接触史4例(2.6%)。最常见的首发临床表现为胸痛(64例,42.4%)。根据侵犯范围分为局限型(43例,28.5%)和弥漫型(108例,71.5%)。治疗方式包括单纯手术23例(15.3%),单纯化疗63例(41.7%),手术+辅助治疗57例(37.7%),化疗+放疗8例(5.3%)。随访到133例患者,中位随访时间13.0个月(0.3~158个月),中位生存时间19.0个月(95%CI为11.5~26.5)。1、2、3及5年总生存率分别为60.0%、44.6%、36.0%和28.3%。单因素分析结果显示,性别(P=0.048)、侵犯范围(P=0.005)、肿瘤分期(P=0.002)与预后相关。多因素分析结果显示,性别(P=0.013)和肿瘤分期(P=0.001)是影响预后的独立因素。结论恶性胸膜间皮瘤预后差,手术、化疗、放疗及综合治疗的疗效均欠佳。性别及肿瘤分期是影响预后的独立因素。     

恶性胸膜间皮瘤远期疗效的影响因素分析

背景与目的:恶性胸膜间皮瘤(malignant pleural mesothelioma,MPM)是一种少见的恶性肿瘤,但预后差。本文分析MPM的治疗效果,探讨影响其预后的因素。方法:1988年1月～2001年12月中山大学肿瘤医院收治的经病理组织学或细胞学确诊的MPM24例,其中12例单纯接受以DDP为基础的方案化疗1～6个疗程,7例接受手术治疗和以DDP为基础的术后化疗1～6个疗程,5例接受手术治疗和术后放射治疗。用Kaplan-Meier法计算生存率,用log-rank法比较各组的生存率,应用Cox模型进行多因素分析。结果:24例患者1、3、5年生存率分别为37.5%、20.8%和4.2%,中位生存期9.0个月。单纯化疗组12例患者的1、3、5年生存率分别为16.7%、0和0,中位生存期为5.0个月;手术加化疗组7例患者的1、3、5年生存率分别为28.6%、14.3%和0,中位生存期为10.0个月;手术加放疗组5例患者的1、3、5年生存率分别为100.0%、80.0%和20.0%,中位生存期为42.0个月。3组生存率比较有显著性差异(χ2=11.93,P=0.00)。影响MPM预后的因素有临床分型(P=0.04)和治疗方法(P=0.00)。结论:临床分型和治疗方法是影响MPM预后的独立因素。     

恶性胸膜间皮瘤29例分析

目的：探讨恶性胸膜间皮瘤诊断和治疗的临床特点。方法：回顾性分析手术治疗29例恶性胸膜间皮瘤患者的临床资料。结果：术后2年生存率为51．7％(15／29)，5年生存率为31．0％(9/29)。手术并发症发生率为24．1％(7／29)，无手术死亡者。接受根治术、姑息手术、探查术的患者5年生存率存在明显差异；局限型患者5年生存率高于弥漫型患者。患者生存率与TNM分期明显相关。结论：手术治疗恶性胸膜间皮瘤有效。国际间皮瘤研究组提出的新的恶性胸膜间皮瘤TNM分期标准客观且可行。Ⅰ、Ⅱ期患者适行手术治疗；Ⅳ期患者不适行手术治疗；对局限型、上皮型、估计手术能达到肉眼根治的Ⅲ期患者应考虑手术治疗。     

恶性胸膜间皮瘤的治疗现状

恶性胸膜间皮瘤(MPM)是一种罕见的恶性肿瘤。外科手术是治疗的主要方式,术后辅助放疗能控制肿瘤的局部复发,并延长生存期。单纯放疗仅用于减症及预防有创性诊断后的局部种植。辅助化疗的作用不确切。化疗对晚期MPM有一定的作用,阿灵达与顺铂的联合应用将化疗的有效率从20%提高至40%以上,并能改善存活率、疾病进展时间和生活质量等,为该病的治疗带来了希望。应该继续开发新的靶向治疗药物,使MPM的治疗取得更多进展。     

恶性胸膜间皮瘤新辅助化疗后胸膜厚度对预后的潜在预测价值

目的:探讨新辅助化疗后胸膜厚度对恶性胸膜间皮瘤预后的潜在预测价值.方法:选择2013年5月至2017年12月在我院接受新辅助化疗和手术治疗的患者作为研究对象,采用单因素和多因素分析患者新辅助化疗前最大胸膜厚度(pre-max)、新辅助化疗后最大胸膜厚度(post-max)、新辅助化疗前3个区pre-max之和(pre-...     

恶性胸膜间皮瘤诊治进展

恶性胸膜间皮瘤(MPM)是原发于胸膜间皮组织的一类较为少见的胸膜肿瘤,该病起病隐匿,易误诊,预后极差。石棉暴露、猿猴病毒40感染等被认为是恶性间皮瘤的危险因素。目前治疗MPM的方法较多,效果欠佳,主要依靠手术、放疗、化疗等综合性治疗,其目的是治疗恶性胸腔积液、减轻呼吸困难、提高生活质量。外科手术是MPM惟一可获得治愈的治疗手段。另外,生物免疫治疗、靶向治疗、中医疗法及基因疗法等亦用于MPM的治疗,但目前尚处于研究阶段。本文就近年来MPM治疗方法研究进展进行综述如下。     

Predictive and prognostic factors in malignant pleural mesothelioma

Predictive and prognostic factors are of great importance in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. In the following article, the recent knowledge about these factors is presented in order to determine the patients who may benefit most from current experimental therapies.     

Clinico-pathological and biological prognostic factors in pleural malignant mesothelioma

In the UK mortality from malignant mesothelioma (MM) is likely to more than double over the next 20 years and despite advances in surgery, chemotherapy and radiation treatment the overall prognosis for patients remains poor. A number of scoring systems based on assessment of clinicopathological features of patients with the disease have been developed but the search continues for further prognostic indicators. Angiogenesis, tumour necrosis (TN), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been linked with poor prognosis in some types of solid tumour and their relevance as prognostic factors in malignant mesothelioma is examined in this paper.     

Cyclooxygenase-2 expression predicts survival in malignant pleural mesothelioma

The expression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) protein is increased in many tumours and may be associated with a more aggressive phenotype. We aimed to assess COX-2 expression in a large series of archival mesothelioma specimens. Archival tissue was obtained from 86 malignant pleural mesothelioma samples (histological subtype: 42 epithelial, 28 biphasic and 16 sarcomatoid). Overexpression of COX-2 was detected by immunohistochemical analysis. Positive staining was located in the cytoplasm of malignant tumour cells. Overall 51/86 (59%) tumour sections demonstrated COX-2 overexpression. The frequency varied with histological subtype with 31/42 (73%) of epithelial sections, 14/28 (50%) of biphasic sections and 6/16 (37%) of sarcomatoid sections recorded as positive. Kaplan Meier survival analysis indicated that overexpression of COX-2 was significantly related to improved prognosis (P < 0.001) and was an independent prognostic factor in multivariant analysis. Overexpression of COX-2 protein may confer a survival advantage in mesothelioma patients.     

Aquaporin 1 is an independent prognostic factor in pleural malignant mesothelioma

BACKGROUND:

Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is an aggressive cancer of serosal membranes, mostly pleura. It is related to asbestos exposure and its incidence in most industrialized countries is projected to remain stable or to increase until 2020. Prognosis remains poor. Clinical prognostic scoring systems lack precision. No prognostic tissue markers are available. Aquaporin 1 (AQP1) is a cell membrane channel involved in water transport, cell motility, and proliferation. A blocker and an agonist are available.

METHODS:

Two independent cohorts of MM were studied. Cohort 1 consisted of 80 consecutive patients who underwent radical surgery (extrapleural pneumonectomy [EPP]). Cohort 2 included 56 conservatively managed patients from another institution. Clinical information was obtained from files. Diagnoses were histologically verified. Immunohistochemical labeling for AQP1 was performed on tumor tissue and the percentage of positive cells was scored.

RESULTS:

We demonstrated expression of AQP1 in normal and neoplastic mesothelium at the apical aspect of the cell, in keeping with a role in water transport. For both cohorts, expression of AQP1 by ≥50% of tumor cells was associated with significantly enhanced survival (9.4 months vs 30.4 months in EPP patients and 5 months vs 15 months in conservatively treated patients). This was independent of established prognostic factors, including histologic subtype, pathologic stage, sex, and age at time of diagnosis.

CONCLUSION:

Expression of AQP1 correlated significantly with prognosis in MM, irrespective of treatment or established prognostic factors. Immunohistochemical labeling for AQP1 should be included in the routine histopathologic workup. An agonist or blocker may become useful for treatment. Cancer 2011;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.     

Dose-dependent pulmonary toxicity after postoperative intensity-modulated radiotherapy for malignant pleural mesothelioma

PURPOSE: To determine the incidence of fatal pulmonary events after extrapleural pneumonectomy and hemithoracic intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for malignant pleural mesothelioma. METHODS AND MATERIALS: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 63 consecutive patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma who underwent extrapleural pneumonectomy and IMRT at the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center. The endpoints studied were pulmonary-related death (PRD) and non-cancer-related death within 6 months of IMRT. RESULTS: Of the 63 patients, 23 (37%) had died within 6 months of IMRT (10 of recurrent cancer, 6 of pulmonary causes [pneumonia in 4 and pneumonitis in 2], and 7 of other noncancer causes [pulmonary embolus in 2, sepsis after bronchopleural fistula in 1, and cause unknown but without pulmonary symptoms or recurrent disease in 4]). On univariate analysis, the factors that predicted for PRD were a lower preoperative ejection fraction (p = 0.021), absolute volume of lung spared at 10 Gy (p = 0.025), percentage of lung volume receiving >or=20 Gy (V(20); p = 0.002), and mean lung dose (p = 0.013). On multivariate analysis, only V20 was predictive of PRD (p = 0.017; odds ratio, 1.50; 95% confidence interval, 1.08-2.08) or non-cancer-related death (p = 0.033; odds ratio, 1.21; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-1.45). CONCLUSION: The results of our study have shown that fatal pulmonary toxicities were associated with radiation to the contralateral lung. V20 was the only independent determinant for risk of PRD or non-cancer-related death. The mean V20 of the non-PRD patients was considerably lower than that accepted during standard thoracic radiotherapy, implying that the V20 should be kept as low as possible after extrapleural pneumonectomy.     

Treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma

In Japan, it is predicted that mesothelioma will rapidly increase in the future. Malignant pleural mesothelioma that accounts for approximately 90% of mesothelioma as a whole has a median survival time of approximately nine months which is considered a poor prognosis. As for the treatment of this disease,extrapleural pneumonectomy or pleurectomy/decortication are available for those patients who can be surgically operated on. However, since a complete cure rate is low when only surgical treatment is performed, generally a multimodality treatment is performed wherein chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy are combined. For chemotherapy, a large-scale randomized phase III study demonstrated that a treatment using two agents: pemetrexed, which is a new multitargeted antifolate, and cisplatin is effective. Pemetrexed will be the drug of first choice for mesothelioma in the future. As other treatment methods, chemohyperthermia, treatments using various kinds of cytokines and angiogenesis inhibitors, genetic treatment and photodynamic therapy have been attempted. The current treatment results for this disease are very poor, and there has been a strong demand for establishing an effective treatment method.     

Management of malignant pleural mesothelioma

Malignant mesothelioma is a highly fatal malignancy that may become more prevalent in the Asia–Pacific region over the next decades. We review clinical aspects of this disease, including presentation, diagnosis, staging and management. A small proportion of patients will be suitable for aggressive trimodality therapy (extra‐pleural pneumonectomy, chemotherapy and radiotherapy) with the aim of cure or achieving prolonged palliation. However, most patients will present with advanced disease and so are only suitable for palliation. We review palliative therapy with an emphasis on the practical aspects of chemotherapy as well as palliative procedures such as pleurodesis. The future direction of clinical research in mesothelioma is discussed.