活性炭纤维对钯的吸附性能研究

活性炭纤维是一种新型高效吸附材料,具有比表面积大,微孔发达,孔径分布窄,吸附速度快,吸附能力强等特点.通过活性炭纤维对钯溶液的吸附实验,探讨了静态条件以及动态条件下,溶液的初始浓度,系统的温度,活性炭纤维的质量,吸附时间,不同流速等条件对活性炭纤维吸附性能的影响.研究表明:活性炭纤维对钯有较强的吸附性能,最高吸附率可达...     

活性炭纤维的吸附性能研究与应用

介绍了活性炭纤维的生产原料和工艺,阐述了活性炭纤维在物理吸附性能和化学改性后吸附性能的研究进展,指出活性炭纤维在废气、水处理、催化、医学领域、电子工业等领域有广泛的应用,并对活性炭纤维的发展前景进行展望。     

活性炭纤维对邻苯二甲酸二甲酯的吸附性能研究

采用紫外分光光度法研究了活性炭纤维对邻苯二甲酸二甲酯的吸附规律,在优化的条件下,测定波长227 nm时,邻苯二甲酸二甲酯的浓度为2~12 mg/L范围内,与紫外的吸光强度呈现线性关系。实验中研究了吸附时间、盐含量、p H对吸附的影响,并试验了ACF在不同温度下对邻苯二甲酸二甲酯的吸附等温线,结果表明吸附量随初始浓度的增大而增大,随溶液温度的升高而减小,升温不利于吸附的进行。     

活性炭纤维对有机废气的吸附性能研究

活性炭纤维的吸附性能强、吸附量大、吸附脱附速度快,在有机废气中得到了很好的应用。深入研究活性炭纤维在物理吸附性能和化学改性后吸附性能,分析活性炭纤维在有机废气处理中的应用现状,对活性炭纤维的发展前景进行展望。     

活性炭纤维对贵金属离子吸附性能的研究

通过活性炭纤维对氯金酸的吸附实验,研究活性炭纤维对贵金属离子的吸附性能,探讨了在静态条件及动态条件下,活性炭纤维的质量,溶液的初始浓度,吸附时间,体系的温度,不同流速等条件对活性炭纤维吸附性能的影响.发现活性炭纤维对氯金酸有较强的吸附性能,最高吸附率可达96%以上.在所选择的条件范围内,溶液的最佳初始浓度为150 mg/L,活性炭纤维最佳质量为0.06 g,最佳吸附时间为50 min,体系的最佳温度为298 K,最佳流速为2.5mL/min.     

活性炭纤维对水中苯胺的吸附性能研究

研究活性炭纤维(Activated carbon fiber,ACF)对人工配水和实际地表水中苯胺的吸附特性.采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对ACF的表面结构进行了表征.通过静态吸附试验,考察了苯胺初始质量浓度、吸附时间、温度、pH、腐殖酸等对吸附速率与吸附行为的影响;同时探讨了ACF对实际地表微污染水中苯胺的吸附效果.结果表明,ACF对水中苯胺的吸附以较快的速率进行,40min时基本达到吸附平衡;初始质量浓度较高时最终吸附容量较大;低温和pH大于7的条件下,吸附效果较好;人工配水中的吸附行为能较好地符合Langmuir和Freundlich等温方程.腐殖酸对吸附速率基本没有影响.ACF对地表水中苯胺吸附性能与模拟水中相似.因此,用ACF吸附法处理水体中突发性苯胺类污染物是可行性的.     

活性炭纤维对水溶液中醋酸丁酯的吸附性能研究

研究了以活性炭纤维为吸附剂从水溶液中吸附醋酸丁酯的吸附静力学、动力学规律及动态吸附特性。实验表明，活性炭纤维对醋酸丁酯的吸附量较大，吸附速度快，动态吸附、脱附性能好。该方法可行，具有一定的实用价值。     

活性炭纤维对水溶液中醋酸丁酯的吸附性能研究

研究了以活性炭纤维为吸附剂从水溶液中吸附醋酸丁酯的吸附静力学，动力学规律及动态吸附特性。实验表明，活性炭纤维对醋酸丁酯的吸附量较大，吸附速度快，动态吸附，脱际性能好。     

沥青基活性炭纤维静态吸附性能研究

不同基体的活性炭纤维（PACF、VACF）,通过静态吸附乙醚、丁酮、CCl4等气体,考察相当吸碘值、相当收率的不同基体ACF的吸附量、吸附速率情况。结果表明,PACF吸附量和吸附速率较VACF有较大的优势。     

活性炭纤维的改性及对苯酚的吸附性能研究

用硫酸铜、高锰酸钾、硫酸亚铁、氢氧化钾、柠檬酸、硝酸铜、乙酸铅、硝酸等溶液浸渍处理活性炭纤维,考察了改性活性炭纤维对废水中苯酚的吸附性能。结果表明,用硫酸铜溶液改性的活性炭纤维对苯酚的吸附性能强于未改性的活性炭纤维,经高锰酸钾、硫酸亚铁、氢氧化钾、柠檬酸、硝酸铜、乙酸铅、硝酸等溶液改性的活性炭纤维对苯酚的吸附能力下降。浓度为0.05%~1%的硫酸铜溶液对0.2 g活性炭纤维进行改性的效果优于其它浓度的硫酸铜溶液。活性炭纤维上负载的铜离子过多会降低活性炭纤维对苯酚的吸附量。     

Preparation of mesoporous activated carbon fibers by catalytic gasification

A commercial activated carbon fiber with micropores, CH700-20 (Kuraray), was reformed to a mesoporous one by catalytic gasification. The catalytic gasification was composed of two steps: CO₂ pretreatment and air oxidation. Cobalt was used as the catalyst and gasification was performed in the temperature range of 500–700 °C. BET surface area and pore volume of catalytically modified carbon fiber were analyzed by N₂ adsorption. BET surface area of the original CH700-20 was 1,711 m²/g, and the mesopore volume percentage was 11.9%. After catalytic gasification, BET surface area was similar to the original CH700-20, while mesopore volume percentage increased up to 56%. The average pore size of mesopores was 3–4 nm in diameter. The average size of mesopores could be controlled with nanometer resolution by varying the temperature and time of activation.     

活性炭纤维及其应用研究进展

在讨论活性炭纤维的结构、吸附特性及其与粒状活性炭的吸附特性相比较的基础上,综述了这种新型的吸附材料在水净化、空气净化、废水处理、溶剂回收和氧化还原作用等各个领域的应用,并探讨了其广泛的应用前景。     

活性炭纤维处理含酚废水的研究

采用活性炭纤维处理苯酚模拟废水,通过静态和动态吸附研究,测定了吸附等温线动态穿透曲线,并研究了pH、吸附平衡时间对处理效果的影响。结果表明,活性炭纤维对苯酚的吸附容量为275.1mg/g,吸附速率愉,溶液pH＞8时,吸附效率下降;吸附时间存在最佳值。吸附饱和活性炭纤维用10%的氢氧化的钠溶液再生,重复使用3次,吸附效率无明显变化。     

沥青基活性碳纤维动态吸附甲苯的性能

以通用级沥青基碳纤维为原料,采用钴盐催化活化法,通过改变活化剂用量和活化时间制备出不同的活性碳纤维。研究了活性碳纤维的动态吸附甲苯以及再生性能。结果表明,活性碳纤维是一种优秀的甲苯吸附材料,其饱和吸附量受比表面积和孔径及其分布的影响。活性碳纤维对甲苯的动态吸附量达到1250 mg/g。20次吸脱附循环再生后,吸附量仍保持在900 mg/g。     

Electrochemically enhanced adsorption of aniline on activated carbon fibers

For adsorptive separation processes, the adsorption rate and capacity are two important factors affecting the costs. This study describes the anodic polarization of activated carbon fibers (ACFs), which can enhance the adsorption rate and capacity of aniline. The electrosorption kinetics and the affecting factors (bias potential, electrolyte, and pH) of isotherms for aniline on ACFs were investigated. The adsorption/electrosorption of aniline on ACFs follow pseudo-first-order adsorption kinetics, and the adsorption rate improves with increasing bias potential. The electrosorption isotherms, which exhibit a variety of responses depending on bias potential, electrolyte and pH, follow the two classical models of Langmuir and Freundlich. With electrosorption of aniline from aqueous solution, a two-fold enhancement of adsorption capacity is achievable. The initial and saturated ACFs were characterized using scanning electron micrograph (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The SEM micrographs show that the surface of ACFs is not oxidized, which is also verified by cyclic voltammetry results. The FT-IR spectroscopy suggests that the interaction between aniline and ACFs is main weak physisorption instead of chemisorption. These experimental results suggest that the electrochemical polarization of ACFs can effectively improve the adsorption rate and capacity of aniline, which may be due to the enhanced affinity between aniline and ACFs instead of the oxidation on the surface of ACFs or in the solution.     

Characterization of activated carbon fibers using argon adsorption

In this paper, we present results of the internal structure (pore size and pore wall thickness distributions) of a series of activated carbon fibers with different degrees of burn-off, determined from interpretation of argon adsorption data at 87 K using infinite and finite wall thickness models. The latter approach has recently been developed in our laboratory. The results show that while the low bun-off samples have nearly uniform pore size (<0.6 nm), the pore size distribution of the high burn-off samples becomes broader, with a significant increase in proportion of larger pores. The results of pore wall thickness distribution are generally consistent with development of porosity with increasing degree of burn-off. Further they show good correspondence with X-ray diffraction.     

Studies on the structure of activated carbon fibers activated by phosphoric acid

By solid‐state ¹³C‐ and ³¹P‐NMR, XPS, and FTIR, the chemical structure of activated carbon fiber–P (ACF‐P) and its reaction with phosphoric acid were studied. Even when activated at low temperatures, these fibers developed a graphitelike carbon structure with a certain amount of phenol groups as well as acetal (or methylenedioxy) carbon. As expected, the oxygen‐containing groups were greatly reduced at high activation temperatures. Different from the ACF‐W, metaphosphoric acid (or polyphosphates) and a small amount of phosphorus exist on ACF‐P. The original ACF‐P activated at low temperature contained a lot of phosphoric acid, so it had to be washed with water to expose the large surface area. The washing process can be omitted for ACF‐P activated at high temperature because most phosphorus compounds in fiber have volatilized. The ACF‐P activated at lower temperature possessed a large amount of oxygen‐containing surface groups and had enhanced adsorption ability for polar adsorbates. The remaining of metaphosphoric acid enhanced the adsorption of silver ion. The experimental results showed that the peaks of ³¹P‐NMR, P_2p‐XPS, and FTIR at 1620 cm^?1 shifted with the increase of activated temperature. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 87: 2253–2261, 2003     

聚丙烯腈基活性碳纤维吸附CO2的性能

以国产聚丙烯腈(PAN)基碳纤维为原料,采用KOH为活化剂制备PAN基活性碳纤维。测定了不同ACF样品的CO2吸附量,并通过氮气吸附、碘吸附以及红外光谱对所得活性碳纤维的比表面积、孔结构及表面官能团进行表征。研究了活化温度、活化时间和表面改性对活性碳纤维CO2吸附量的影响。结果表明,活化温度是影响活性碳纤维CO2吸附量的主要因素。当活化温度为850℃时,所得活性碳纤维BET比表面积为1235m2/g,微孔比表面积为745 m2/g,在吸附温度为273 K、吸附相对压力P/P0为1时,CO2的吸附量达到87.29 mL/g。     

改性活性碳纤维对CO2的吸附性能

为了进一步提高活性碳纤维的CO₂吸附量和抗水性能,采用浸渍法将活性碳纤维进行改性处理,得到一系列改性样品,并对其进行了SEM和FTIR表征。研究了活性碳纤维种类、浸渍试剂（NaOH溶液、ZnCl₂溶液及离子液体）等对吸附剂孔结构、CO₂吸附量、循环使用性和抗水性能的影响,并探讨了CO₂在改性活性碳纤维内的动力学吸附扩散行为。研究结果表明：改性活性碳纤维的CO₂吸附性能和抗水性能均显著改善,其中CO₂最高吸附量达24.4%（0.1MPa和25℃）,吸湿率减小到1.33%,且具有良好的吸附/脱附循环使用性。均相扩散模型（HSDM）描述了实时吸附数据,此模型能够较好地反映CO₂在样品内的扩散行为,改性活性碳纤维仍能保持良好的扩散速率,扩散系数D_s值数量级为10^-5m²/s,与空白活性碳纤维相当。