浅谈船舶气象仪用传感器

气象信息是船舶航行的重要导航信息,直接影响船舶的航行安全;气象参数属船舶的环境参数,环境条件的好坏直接影响船舶在各种状态下的安全;尤其是当代用高科技建造起来的现代化船舶,现代化程度越高,对环境因素的要求也越高,因此,对环境气象的测算和预测是现代化船舶安全航行的一个重要的组成部分。传感器作为船舶气象仪重要组成部分,也越来越引起人们的重视,为此文章对常用船舶气象仪的传感器进行了讨论。     

舰用船舶气象仪

气象信息是船舶航行的重要导航信息,直接影响船舶的航行安全.尤其是当代用高科技建造起来的现代化船舶,现代化程度越高,对环境因素的要求也越高,因此对环境气象的测算和预测是现代化船舶安全航行的一个重要的组成部分.某舰用船舶气象仪,以C8051F020单片机为核心设计,集成度高、体积小、功能强、可靠性高,特别适用于船舱狭窄,空间有限,但对气象参数又有较高要求的中小型舰艇.该船舶气象仪可连续测量风、温、湿、压等多项气象参数,为船舶航行提供实时、连续的气象服务.现已安装在海军某舰上,试验中船舶气象仪工作稳定可靠,效果较好.     

浅谈CAV424电路在船舶气象仪用气压传感器中的应用

气象信息是船舶航行的重要导航信息,直接影响船舶的航行安全,尤其是当代用高科技建造起来的现代化船舶,常常行驶在人迹罕至的远海,实时准确的测量所处环境的气象信息,保证航行安全,也变得尤为重要。气压信号是气象参数的重要组成部分,在防台时发挥着至关重要的作用,因此如何提高传感器的各项性能已成为一个新的研究方向。文章对CAV424电路在气压传感器中的应用进行了讨论。     

浅谈SJA1000在船舶气象仪中的应用

气象信息是船舶航行的重要导航信息,直接影响船舶的航行安全,尤其是当代用高科技建造起来的现代化船舶,常常行驶在人迹罕至的远海,实时准确地测量所处环境的气象信息,保证航行安全,也变得尤为重要。现代的船舶气象仪可以直接从船舶内部CAN网读取航速、航向信息,对外发送风、温、湿、压、能见度、云底高、降水量等气象信息,SJA1000控制器功不可没,就此对SJA1000控制器在船舶气象仪中的应用进行了讨论。     

港口移动式气象智能监测系统设计

为了进一步提高港口船舶进出港航行海域微气象的实时观测和预警能力,提出移动式气象智能监测系统.该系统克服岸基观测点观测范围不变的局限性,针对作业拖轮而设计定制的气象智能监测系统.该系统主要由多参数一体化气象传感器、船载智能通讯模块、船载边缘计算终端、船载显控终端等组成,具有安装便捷、移动式观测、通讯稳定等特点.船载智能终端所附带的多参数一体化气象传感器用于收集多种气象指标,经过船载边缘计算终端即时处理气象数据,并上传至船载显控终端.由专业技术人员负责查阅审核,最终通过船载智能通讯模块借助4G通讯网络上传至岸基显控终端.该系统提高了观测数据的有效性和实时性,对于船舶在恶劣环境下的进出港安全和效率提升具有非常重要的意义.     

船舶舵机液压参数设计

舵机是船舶重要的液压装置,舵机液压缸的压力是重要的舵机参数,直接关系到舵机的安全性能和操纵性能.本文建立了船舶航行过程中不同航速下舵机液压和舵角的关系,为船舶操纵人员提供重要的技术参考.     

浅谈船舶操纵要素在天津港的应用实践

充分熟练掌握和正确运用各种船舶安全操纵要素,有助于船舶驾驶人员准确评估与船舶发生碰撞的风险,使驾驶船舶安全顺利航行.本文主要结合安全瞭望风险条款、安全航行速度控制条款和船舶避撞抗碰防撞条款,探讨各类船舶操纵安全要素在船舶避撞防碰安全实践过程中的实际应用,以期有效避免各类船舶在操纵航行过程中可能发生严重碰撞安全事故,实现...     

船舶电气接地故障的查找及防治

船舶安全是航运安全的重要保障。现代船舶制造中安装使用的电气设备越来越多,此时船舶电气接地故障也成为船舶电气故障的主要类型之一,对船舶设备能否安全运行带来直接影响,甚至可能造成船舶无法正常航行的重大事故。船舶电气设备相比其他电气设备,具有结构特殊、功能特别等特点,船舶电气设备接地故障也存在出现部位比较隐蔽,难以发现,无法及时有效处理等情况。本文主要是突出预防为主的思想,探讨了查找和防治船舶电气接地故障的对策方案。     

船体修理改装中的变形控制工艺研究

在造船工业中,船体改装是一个重要的分支.它不仅可以为船舶的航行安全提供保障,而且对造船行业具有较大的经济价值.然而,在船舶船体的改装过程中,很容易出现船体变形的现象,从而对船舶航行的安全造成极大的影响和危害.因此,以船舶改装的实际情况为例,分析并探讨了在船舶改装过程中控制船体变形的措施,并指出了船体改装中控制措施的重点...     

嵌入式船舶数据采集与监控系统

介绍了基于卫星通信的嵌入式船舶数据采集与监控系统,组合了船舶AIS(自动识别系统)和SSAS(船舶保安警报系统)构建系统.系统采用ARM和Linux的嵌入式设计,实现了陆地端对船舶端的远程数据采集和监控,为船舶的安全航行提供了更有力的技术保障,为提高船舶自动化和现代化管理提供了技术平台.     

Wavelet-based information filtering for fault diagnosis of electric drive systems in electric ships

Electric machines and drives have enjoyed extensive applications in the field of electric vehicles (e.g., electric ships, boats, cars, and underwater vessels) due to their ease of scalability and wide range of operating conditions. This stems from their ability to generate the desired torque and power levels for propulsion under various external load conditions. However, as with the most electrical systems, the electric drives are prone to component failures that can degrade their performance, reduce the efficiency, and require expensive maintenance. Therefore, for safe and reliable operation of electric vehicles, there is a need for automated early diagnostics of critical failures such as broken rotor bars and electrical phase failures.In this regard, this paper presents a fault diagnosis methodology for electric drives in electric ships. This methodology utilizes the two-dimensional, i.e. scale-shift, wavelet transform of the sensor data to filter optimal information-rich regions which can enhance the diagnosis accuracy as well as reduce the computational complexity of the classifier. The methodology was tested on sensor data generated from an experimentally validated simulation model of electric drives under various cruising speed conditions. The results in comparison with other existing techniques show a high correct classification rate with low false alarm and miss detection rates.     

The assessment of safe navigation regarding hydrodynamic forces between ships in restricted waterways

This paper is primarily focused on the safe navigation between overtaking and overtaken vessels in restricted waterways under the external forces, such as wind and current. The maneuvering simulation between two ships was conducted to find an appropriate safe speed and distance, which is required to avoid collision. From the viewpoint of marine safety, a greater transverse distance between two ships is more needed for the smaller vessel. Regardless of external forces, the smaller vessel will get a greater effect of hydrodynamic forces than the bigger one. In the case of close navigation between ships under the forces of wind and current, the vessel moving at a lower speed is potentially hazardous because the rudder force of the lower speed vessel is not sufficient for steady-state course-keeping, compared to that of the higher speed vessel.     

SOI压力传感器及其应用

SOI压力传感器是一种新型的、先进的物性型压力传感器.其采用硅氧化物实现压力芯片的敏感元件和与基片之间的电隔离,替代传统的pn结电隔离技术,打破极限使用温度上限的局限性,不存在微漏电通道,保障在高温条件下长期稳定工作.SOI压力传感器可广泛应用于石油、化工、冶金、航天、航空、船舶等领域的高温压力检测,极好地解决了高温传感器性能指标稳定性差,高低温宽温区的性能兼容性和分散性较大,环境试验适应性差、寿命短和可靠性低等技术难题.     

Effects of a turbocharger cut out system on vibration characteristics of a propulsion shafting system and a large low speed marine diesel engine

To cope with the long term recession in the shipping industry due to oversupply of ships and high oil prices and due to reinforcement of environmental regulations to reduce greenhouse gas emission from ships, large container vessels built recently have ultra-long stroke engines with high propulsion efficiency. For these, de-rated engine and tuning technologies are used to reduce fuel oil consumption. However, previously built vessels were optimized for high ship speed. In these case, lowering ship speed to reduce ship operating cost does not provide similar benefits. Therefore, engine manufacturers have developed a turbocharger cut-out system to reduce fuel oil consumption at low speed. This has the advantage of reducing fuel consumption at low speeds, but also has the characteristic of producing higher torsional exciting force than is typical in existing engines for low load ranges. In this paper, the performance and dynamic characteristics of a marine diesel engine were reviewed after applying a turbocharger cut-out system. Then the effects on the engine body vibration and the torsional vibration were examined for a corresponding propulsion shafting system in a Panamax container-vessel equipped with a turbocharger cut-out system optimized for slow steaming. As a result, the torsional vibratory stress in shafts was increased. This had a larger effect on the X-mode shape of the engine body vibration and on the upper structure vibration, when one of three turbochargers was cut out.     

Modeling and simulation of soft sensor design for real-time speed and position estimation of PMSM

This paper deals with the design of a speed soft sensor for permanent magnet synchronous motor. At high speed, model-based soft sensor is used and it gives excellent results. However, it fails to deliver satisfactory performance at zero or very low speed. High-frequency soft sensor is used at low speed. We suggest to use a model-based soft sensor together with the high-frequency soft sensor to overcome the limitations of the first one at low speed range.     

一种新型电感式位移传感器

提出一种结构简单轻巧，驱动及测量电路简单,性能较好的新型电感式位移传感器，可用于机械直线位移及位置的测量，给出了传感器的结构和测量电路的原理图，对工作原理进行了分析，并讨论了温度补偿的方法，该传感器已应用于高档轿车的电子无级变速系统中，使用效果令人满意。     

钢管纵向伤高速高精漏磁探伤磁化方法

在钢管螺旋推进漏磁检测扫描中,检测速度越快,要求的检测探靴轴向长度越长,使得扫描覆盖范围超出了均匀磁化区,出现信号不一致的问题。针对钢管纵向伤检测中检测精度与速度相互制约的问题,以保证钢管纵向伤高速检测的信号一致性为目标,采用有限元仿真与实验验证相结合的方法,分析了周向磁化中磁极靴的结构对钢管表面磁场均匀性的影响。在此基础上提出了一种纵向伤漏磁检测磁化方法,扩大了钢管表面的均匀磁场区域,在同样的检测区域内提高了检测信号的一致性。     

磁阻式轮速传感器在ABS中的应用

介绍一种磁阻式轮速传感器,并设计了该轮速传感器的信号处理电路,其中包含两级带通滤波放大电路和迟滞比较器;该传感器结构简单,成本低廉。研究结果表明,磁阻式轮速传感器工作性能稳定可靠,灵敏度高,抗干扰能力强,适应较高和较低的车速变化,可广泛应用于汽车ABS中。     

机轮速度传感器试验台的设计

设计了用于对飞机大修时的机轮速度传感器进行检测速度的传感器试验台,从而确保速度传感器在飞机防滑刹车系统中能正常工作,保证飞机的安全。该试验台操作使用简单,可靠性和检测精度高,提高了机轮速度传感器的检修质量。