中国进口汽车市场分析与预测

前言 汽车工业是扩大内需、支持未来经济增长的重要力量;汽车工业是产业关联度高、规模效益明显、资金和技术密集的重要产业.现代经济增长的历史表明,一个国家,当人均收入达到一定水平后,都会进入一个依赖汽车进入家庭拉动经济增长的阶段.     

也说中国汽车业面对“入世”

面对ＷＴＤ，面对世界汽车商品的大挑战，有人惶恐，认为中国汽车工业顶不住外来汽车的冲击；也有人大意，认为国家会有保护措施，企业不用担心。然而，精明练达的企业家则会审时度势，未雨绸缪，背水一战。 一、满怀信心．迎接挑战 “入世”对中国汽车工业来说，形势是严峻的，但是，中国汽车工业的前途仍是光明的。 １、“入世”会加速中国汽车工业重组，改善中国汽车工业“散、乱、差”的格局。长期处于政府高关税保护下，正是中国汽车工业产业组织结构不合理、规模不经济的重要因素。“入世”后，减让关税并不是一步到位的，而是逐步递…     

我国家用轿车工业发展的历程及趋势研究

汽车工业是一门综合性产业,是国民经济中的龙头产业,是关联度和波及效应大的产业。汽车工业是典型的规模经济,集技术密集、资金密集、劳动密集于一身。我国发展汽车工业,通过轿车大量进入家庭之后,加速建立轿车大批量生产体制,降低成本,提高质量,从而增强市场竞争力,实现扩大出口的战略目标。这样家用汽车工业才能真正稳固地成为我国国民经济的支柱产业。     

产融结合：现代市场经济必由路

产融结合，从广义上理解是指金融部门和产业部门在社会经济发展中相互结合；具体说，是指工商企业资本与金融资本（包括商业银行、投资银行、保险公司、信托投资公司、投资基金等）在资本、资金、人事等方面保持稳定、密切的联系，从而相互结合，同生共长。产融结合，反映着市场竞争和社会化大生产发展的客观规律，是现代市场经济发展的必然趋势。在现代市场经济中，产业的发展必然要顺应技术经济和规模经济的需要来不断扩张其生产规模和资本规模。所以，产业资本总是追求以最少的成本，集中更大的资本，来进行资本扩张和事业扩张，以扩大其…     

入世和中国汽车零部件产业的发展策略

中国加入WTO后,"幼稚"的汽车工业必然受到跨国汽车公司的冲击.与整车相比,汽车零部件产业生产厂家多,生产规模小,远没有实现规模经济,零部件产品通用性差,市场集中度不高,企业竞争力不强,受到外来的竞争压力更大.零部件产业是汽车工业的基础,决定着整车的质量和价格水平.研究入世后我国汽车零部件产业受到的挑战及其对策,是一项重大课题.     

基于投入产出分析的北京房地产产业关联度测算

正一、产业关联度及其测算指标产业关联度是国民经济各个产业部门之间以投入和产出为纽带的技术经济关联程度。如果产业关联度大于零,则两个产业部门存在关联;如果产业关联度大于平均值,则两个产业部门密切相关。从关联方向看,产业关联度可分为前向关联     

中国企业的规模选择做大还是做小

做大还是做小？企业规模选择的关键问题是确定是否在企业中存在着规模经济。所谓规模经济是指在一定技术经济条件下，当生产要素和产品在企业中集中到一定程度时，单位产品的生产成本和流通费用将降到最小，企业的生产效益最好，这时的企业规模是最佳规模，或者说企业具有规模经济。企业规模是否合理一般是通过对产业集中度与经济绩效的关系分析来反映（注：美国经济学家贝恩[J.S.Bain],1959年）。产业集中度是反映产业市场结构性状和大企业市场控制力的一相概念。一般认为，CR4≤40%为低集中度：40％≤CR4≤60%为中集中度；60％≤CR4≤80％为较高集中度；CR4＞80％为高集中度。表一中以我国工业企业为考察对象分析，产业集中度与经济绩效的关系。使用销售收入指标反映产业集中度，采用3年的产业集中度的平均数作为产业集中度的数值。     

奥运会的影响有多大？——基于产业关联视角的模型与测算

奥运会是一种综合性的国际化体育盛事，不仅有参与人员多、文化内涵高、持续时间长和竞赛水平高等独特魅力，更是一场巨大的投入产出经济活动，需要许多产业部门为其提供各种产品（中间或最终产品），同时将奥运产品提供给各产业部门消费，这种奥运会与各产业部门间存在的广泛而密切的技术经济联系可称为奥运会产业关联。由于奥运会产业关联广泛复杂且相关统计数据不全面，奥运会在大多数国家从未被视为一个专门产业并纳入国民经济账户体系，使得对奥运会产业关联效应的测算长期以来鲜有文献涉猎。     

产教融合背景下高职院校产业学院建设的研究与探索

在经济全球化、高新技术迅速发展的大背景下，职业教育是教育发展的必然趋势，而产教融合与职业教育又是相辅相成的关系，社会经济的持续稳定的发展需要产业部门和高职院校教育的高效融合，这样才能让产业经济和职业教育协同发展，进而提高产业生产率和竞争力。基于此，以下对产教融合背景下高职院校产业学院建设的研究与探索进行了探讨，以供参考。     

基于产业集聚的河南现代服务业发展对策研究

现代服务业是驱动区域经济发展的重要产业部门,其在空间分布上具有相当高的集聚性。河南在现代服务业集聚发展方面虽然做出了一定的努力,但与先进地区相比,现代服务业集聚区建设明显滞后,且存在着产业基础薄弱、政策扶持不力、品牌建设乏力等问题。因此,河南省应在全省范围内对现代服务业集聚区进行合理规划与布局,并采取相应对策加快其发展,以此来提升河南经济的竞争力,实现由经济大省向经济强省的跨越。     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

Ansätze und Ergebnisse anglo-amerikanischer M&A-Forschung

Based on a review of established U.S. management journals (1995–2003), six schools of thought are identified within the Anglo-American M&;A research: “Capital Market”, “Principal/Agent”, “Industrial Organization”, “Organizational Behavior”, “Human Resources” and “Strategic Management”. The literature review shows that the definition of M&;A success, the methods applied, and insights from empirical research differ according to the respective school of thought. Empirical studies focus on the resource combinations of merger partners, the specific circumstances of merger negotiations, and on integration management as antecedents of merger performance. Unfortunately, empirical findings have not yet provided reliable explanations for M&;A success. Based on the current state of Anglo-American M&;A research, the authors discuss implications for business practice, identify research gaps, and propose areas for future research.     

Introduction of New Technology with a Sound Transition of the Input-Output Structure

We examine the general equilibrium repercussions associated with the introduction of new technologies, using the generalized Leontief system that allows technological substitutions. We show that an untested introduction of cost-increasing technologies in any industry may result in creating a non-productive technological structure that does not satisfy the Hawkins-Simon condition, following the autonomous dynamic adjustment process with structural transitions in the economic system. Therefore, we propose a practicable control scheme of introducing cost-increasing technologies that strictly avoids the creation of non-productive structures in all periods of structural transition, using the available information on the ex ante technological structure.     

The Creation of the Office for National Statistics

A new Office for National Statistics was created in the United Kingdom in 1996 following a series of developments designed to strengthen the relevance and integrity of statistics. This paper describes these fundamental changes and sets out a blueprint for future progress. It also sets current developments in the United Kingdom in an historical and international context.     

What helps? Women engineers' accounts of staying on

We have considerable understanding of the obstacles that women engineers encounter and the reasons that they leave the field, but we know less about what enables them to remain. Adopting an interpretivist approach, this article examines how a group of British women engineers in two FTSE 100 companies account for “staying on” in their male‐dominated work settings. We delineate four specific forms of help that facilitate women's retention in the field. We argue that exposure to help leads to women developing a habitus that enables them to continue working in engineering. To conclude, we draw on our findings to outline HR practices that will facilitate supportive relationships in the workplace and pave the way towards developing more positive organisational climates.     

论现代物流企业的发展观

物流业经过诸多年的发展目前已经成为最热门的行业之一,物流企业的注册数量也与日俱增,达到前所未有的规模。毋庸置疑,任何企业都希望自己迅速做强做大,并成为真正现代物流企业的典型代表,要实现这一目标一个首要问题就是要解决现代物流企业的发展观问题。