抗灰迹Rb∶KTP晶体的生长及性能研究

本文采用K6P4O13(K6)作助熔剂来生长Rb∶KTP晶体,所生长的晶体具有电导率低,吸收系数稳定和好的抗灰迹性能等优点.本文按照生长比例KTP∶K6=1.345∶1(物质的量比),Rb离子浓度为取代溶液中K离子浓度的1.4 mol％左右来进行配料.测量了Rb∶KTP晶体中掺杂的Rb离子浓度为0.87 mol％,经过测试,晶体的电导率达到10-10 S/cm.测试了晶体随时间延长的光能吸收,发现Rb∶KTP晶体的吸收系数比较稳定,并进行了晶体抗灰迹性能激光测试,发现Rb∶KTP晶体较普通KTP晶体具有很好的抗灰迹性能.     

NaBi(WO4)2晶体生长与光谱性能

采用提拉法生长出钨酸铋钠晶体[分子式NaBi(WO4)2, 简称NBW].生长过程中, 对影响晶体开裂的原因进行了详细的分析, 设计了合理的工艺参数 液面上下10mm内的温度梯度为0.8 ℃/mm, 径向温度梯度小于0.3 ℃/mm.拉速为2～4 mm/h, 转速为10～15 r/min, 降温速率为25 ℃/h, 生长出尺寸为45 mm×35 mm的高质量的钨酸铋钠晶体.X射线衍射分析结果表明, NBW晶体属于四方晶系,空间群为I41/a.光透射测试结果表明了NBW晶体的抗辐照损伤能力强;发射光谱分析发现它的发射峰值位于可见光绿光波段.     

10℃下不同水灰比水泥基材料抗硫酸盐侵蚀性能试验研究

研究了不同水灰比对水泥砂浆试件在10℃下抗硫酸盐侵蚀的性能的影响,采用0.36与0.5两种水灰比的普通硅酸盐水泥、中抗硫水泥以及加入矿粉与硅灰的水泥砂浆试件,测试各试样在(10±1)℃的3％Na2SO4溶液中浸泡后的强度变化情况,综合考虑强度与抗蚀系数对砂浆抗硫酸盐侵蚀性能进行评价.结果表明:在10℃下0.36水灰比试件强度高于0.5水灰比试件,抗硫酸盐侵蚀性能随着水灰比的降低而提高;加入矿物掺合料明显改善了水泥砂浆抗硫酸盐侵蚀性能,并且硅灰的含量越高效果越明显.砂浆抗硫酸盐侵蚀性能15％矿粉+3％硅灰>15％矿粉+1％硅灰>中抗硫水泥>普通硅酸盐水泥.     

DKDP晶体生长亚稳区的影响因素

从热力学和动力学角度研究与分析了磷酸二氘钾[K(D1-xHx)2PO4,DKDP]晶体生长体系稳定性的主要影响因素,包括氘含量、溶液纯度、饱和温度、晶转(或搅拌)速度、过热温度与时间、生长均匀性、晶体受力情况、籽晶尺寸等.提出采用高纯原料、超细过滤(孔径为0.15 μm)、高出饱和点10 ℃过热20 h,以及优质点状籽晶均匀生长等措施,可拓宽DKDP晶体生长亚稳区,从而提高晶体生长起始温度达50 ℃以上,在溶液过饱和度较大的条件下可实现DKDP晶体全方位快速生长.     

KTP晶体的水热法生长与形貌研究

以K2HPO4、KH2PO4、H2O2的混合水溶液为矿化剂,以熔盐法生长的KTP为培养料,采用水热法,生长出了尺寸为24mm×14mm×60mm(a×b×c)磷酸钛氧钾(KTP)晶体.分析了水热条件下KTP晶体的形貌和结晶习性,并对(100)面上出现高指数面的原因进行了研究.     

LaBr3∶Ce晶体生长及物理特性的研究

利用垂直Bridgman法生长了尺寸为φ25 mm×80 mm的LaBr3∶3％Ce晶体,晶体的熔点为786℃,XRD表明晶体存在(100)解理面,晶体的择优生长方向为[001].热膨胀测试表明晶体[100]方向热膨胀系数比较大,在室温至600℃范围内平均热膨胀系数达22.9×10-6/K.晶体经加工后,透过率可达到65％.室温下晶体的光致发光呈双发射峰,分别位于358 nm和380 nm.晶体呈单指数衰减,衰减极快,衰减时间拟合为18.3 ns.     

大尺寸Ga/Sc共掺ZnO晶体的水热法生长及光的吸收特性

文章报道了水热法生长Ga/Sc共掺ZnO晶体的结果。实验以ZnO陶瓷烧结块为培养料,以4mol/LKOH+1mol/L LiOH+5mlH_2O_2作为矿化剂,溶液中加入定量的Ga_2O_3和Sc_2O_3粉末,在尺寸为Φ70×1100mm高压釜中,在溶解温度T=380℃～400℃,结晶温度T=360℃～380℃的条件下,采用温差水热法生长出了尺寸为50×35×5.6(c轴方向)mm~3的Ga/Sc共掺ZnO单晶体。采用ICP-MS测试了晶体中Ga和Sc元素的含量。利用分光光度计测试了晶体的吸收率,从400nm波长开始,随着波长的增大,Ga/Sc共掺ZnO晶体的吸收率比纯ZnO晶体高。比较了不同温差条件下c轴方向的生长速度,确定了合适的水热法晶体生长的温差条件。     

Zn_(0.95)Co_(0.05)O稀磁半导体粉体的制备及性能研究

采用水热法合成Zn0.95Co0.05O稀磁半导体粉体,讨论了矿化剂NaOH的浓度分别为1mol/L,2mol/L,3mol/L,反应温度分别为180℃,200℃,220℃对粉体的影响,采用XRD测量晶体中的物相,FE-SEM测量晶体的表面形貌,EDS测量晶体中的元素。测试结果及分析表明:当矿化剂NaOH浓度为2mol/L,反应温度为200℃时制备的晶体效果相对较好。     

Yb∶NaY(WO_4)_2激光晶体的光谱性能

采用提拉法生长出了Yb∶NaY(WO4 ) 2 晶体 ,给出了晶体生长的最佳工艺参数 :拉速 0 .5～ 4mm/h ,转速 3 0～ 40r/min ,冷却速率 18℃ /h。由TGDTA分析得到晶体的熔点为 12 0 9℃。测试了该晶体的Raman光谱、吸收光谱和荧光光谱 ,计算了吸收光谱和荧光光谱中的有关参数。结果表明 :该晶体发射波长为 10 10nm ,在 848,968nm附近有较强、较宽的吸收峰 ,适合于LD泵浦     

透锂长石-堇青石复相低膨胀陶瓷材料的研究

以天然矿物透锂长石,华林高岭,山西紫木节,萍乡石英和广西滑石等为主要原料,采用普通陶瓷工艺,制备了透锂长石/堇青石质复相低膨胀陶瓷材料.测试了材料的热膨胀系数和XRD,结果表明,MgO的加入有助于低膨胀晶体堇青石的生成,所形成的透锂长石/堇青石复相陶瓷具有比纯透锂长石质陶瓷更低的热膨胀系数.当Li2O/MgO比值为0.427时,材料的热膨胀系数为1.751×10-6/℃.材料的抗折强度及显微结构测试结果表明,该复相陶瓷材料具有较窄的烧结温度范围.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Some Large Wood-Boring Beetles in Southeastern USA

Ethanol and α-pinene were tested as attractants for large wood-boring pine beetles in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina in 2002–2004. Multiple-funnel traps baited with (−)-α-pinene (released at about 2 g/d at 25–28°C) were attractive to the following Cerambycidae: Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus rusticus nubilus, Asemum striatum, Monochamus titillator, Prionus pocularis, Xylotrechus integer, and X. sagittatus sagittatus. Buprestis lineata (Buprestidae), Alaus myops (Elateridae), and Hylobius pales and Pachylobius picivorus (Curculionidae) were also attracted to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. In many locations, ethanol synergized attraction of the cerambycids Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus r. nubilus, Monochamus titillator, and Xylotrechus s. sagittatus (but not Asemum striatum, Prionus pocularis, or Xylotrechus integer) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. Similarly, attraction of Alaus myops, Hylobius pales, and Pachylobius picivorus (but not Buprestis lineata) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene was synergized by ethanol. These results provide support for the use of traps baited with ethanol and (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common large wood-boring beetles from the southeastern region of the USA at ports-of-entry in other countries, as well as forested areas in the USA.