华东自然环境下CFRP片材的耐久性能

在华东地区自然暴露环境条件下,对土木工程加固常用的2种碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)片材共40个试件进行自然老化3 a的耐久性能试验.考察碳纤维片材的抗拉强度、弹性模量、伸长率等主要的力学性能指标随老化时间的变化.结果表明,随着老化时间的延长,两种片材的抗拉强度和伸长率均略有降低,并且其伸长率的变化趋势与抗拉强度的变化趋势类似;随着老化时间的延长,两种片材的弹性模量变化不大.     

平纹铺层及三维角联锁复合材料热氧老化后低速冲击及剩余弯曲性能

以平纹铺层和三维角联锁碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料为研究对象,探究其在180℃高温下分别老化4、8、16和32 d后的低速冲击响应,并结合其冲击后弯曲性能,比较两种结构复合材料抗冲击性能随老化时间的变化规律。结果表明:随着老化时间的增加,冲击加载下平纹铺层和三维角联锁纤维环氧树脂两种复合材料试件的最大冲击载荷减小,能量吸收率增大,承载性能退化;相同老化条件下,三维角联锁结构试件的剩余模量和强度保留率均高于平纹铺层试件。两者微观形貌的分析表明:平纹铺层结构试件易在热氧老化过程中形成连续的层间裂纹,并在外加载荷作用下扩展造成层间失效;三维角联锁结构试件因厚度方向的接结纱作用,界面裂纹扩展受阻,从而缓解热氧老化引起的界面性能退化。     

超热老化对浇注式沥青混合料高温性能影响研究

浇注式沥青混合料拌合温度高达240℃,拌合时间超过45 min,该条件下浇注式沥青将发生严重的热氧老化,然而超热老化温度和老化时间对浇注式沥青混合料高温性能的影响规律报道较少。对此采用车辙试验对不同超热老化温度和老化时间的浇注式沥青混合料高温性能变化规律进行了研究。研究结果表明:动稳定度与超热老化温度高度相关,高温抗变形能力随超热老化温度升高而不断升高;动稳定度与超热老化时间具有较高的指数相关性,随着超热老化时间延长,动稳定度值呈先缓慢上升到快速上升趋势。在确保浇注式沥青混合料高温性能的同时,必须合理控制老化温度和老化时间,解决由于超热老化导致其抗疲劳开裂能力降低的问题。     

老化玄武岩纤维沥青混合料冻融劈裂试验研究

为了研究不同条件下玄武岩纤维沥青混合料的冻融劈裂性能,通过向沥青混合料中掺加玄武岩纤维制备试验试件,并测试分析不同条件处理试件的冻融劈裂性能。研究结果表明：玄武岩纤维可改善沥青混合料的冻融劈裂性能,同时还可增强紫外老化和冻融循环、热氧老化和冻融循环下沥青混合料的韧性。玄武岩纤维掺量为0.6%时,4次冻融和未老化下,沥青混合料的劈裂强度较未冻融未老化及未掺玄武岩纤维下分别减小0.52%、14.47%、21.45%、31.78%;4次冻融和紫外老化下,0.6%玄武岩纤维掺量沥青混合料的劈裂强度较未冻融老化及未掺玄武岩纤维下分别减小5.94%、19.64%、27.65%、39.28%;紫外老化和未冻融下,0.6%玄武岩纤维掺量沥青混合料的劈裂强度较未老化未冻融及未掺玄武岩纤维时增大3.88%。热氧老化未冻融下,0.6%玄武岩纤维掺量沥青混合料的劈裂强度较未老化未冻融及未掺玄武岩纤维时增大1.29%。紫外老化、热氧老化及未冻融下,0.6%玄武岩纤维掺量沥青混合料的劲度模量较未老化未冻融时分别增大1.01%和10.23%。     

PBO纤维片材预应力外粘结加固集成新技术

近年采用外部粘结纤维增强复合材料(FRP)来加固结构越来越受到许多研究开发机构和生产单位的重视。结合作者在FRP方面的研究成果和最新开发出的高强高性能的PBO纤维材料，系统地提出了一种更为有效的预应力外粘结加固方法；通过与玻璃纤维、炭素纤维和芳纶纤维等的比较，认清了新型PBO纤维材料的特性；根据既有的试验和研究成果提出了一套完整的预应力加固方法的流程，包括概念、原理和几种降低端部界面应力和新型锚固的措施；室内小型试验和室外大型试验的结果表明，PBO片材预应力技术能够提供令人满意的加固性能。     

不同热氧老化环境下SBS改性沥青及其混合料性能研究

【目的】探寻沥青及沥青混合料逐渐老化对沥青路面路用性能的影响。【方法】对不同热氧老化环境下SBS(I-D)聚合物改性沥青的常规指标、流变性能及以其制备的AC-13C沥青混合料的高温稳定性、低温抗裂性、水稳定性及单轴压缩动态模量开展试验研究。【结果】随着热氧老化程度的不断加深,沥青黏韧性及抗塑性变形的能力逐渐降低,脆性逐渐增强;随着热储存时间的增加,沥青软化点、5℃延度和针入度先升高后降低,135℃黏度逐渐升高;随着热氧老化程度的不断加深,沥青混合料高温抗车辙能力逐渐提高,低温抗开裂及抗水损害能力逐渐降低;沥青混合料动态模量随着温度的升高而降低,随着热氧老化程度的加深及加载频率的增大而升高,但温度为35、50℃时其变化趋势有所改变。【结论】随着热氧老化程度的不断加深,沥青混合料高温性能得到改善,低温及水稳定性能降低,该研究成果在实际工程应用中具有一定的价值。     

热氧老化对高韧性环氧沥青及其混合料性能的影响

通过热氧老化前后的拉伸试验和黏度试验评价高韧性环氧沥青的抗老化性能,通过马歇尔试验、劈裂试验、低温小梁弯曲试验及四点弯曲疲劳试验考察热氧老化对高韧性环氧沥青混合料性能的影响;并与美国环氧沥青和日本环氧沥青作对比。结果表明,热氧老化对三种环氧沥青及混合料的性能影响均不显著,老化后仍满足相关技术指标要求。其中,高韧性环氧沥青的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和施工容留时间分别损失了8. 9%、11. 2%和4. 8%;其混合料的马歇尔稳定度、劈裂强度、低温破坏应变和疲劳寿命分别下降了6. 6%、5. 7%、8. 2%、8. 1%。高韧性环氧沥青的抗老化性能略逊于美国环氧沥青,而优于日本环氧沥青。     

热老化对核电主管道Z3CN20.09M不锈钢点蚀性能的影响

采用极化曲线和电化学交流阻抗法研究了400℃长期热老化对压水堆核电站一回路主管道用Z3CN20.09M铸造奥氏体不锈钢点蚀性能的影响.结果显示,材料的点蚀击破电位和电荷转移电阻随着热老化时间的延长而降低.热老化材料经550℃退火处理1 h后的点蚀击破电位和电荷转移电阻值均恢复到未老化材料的水平.研究表明此时α’相已经回溶,G相仍然存在,导致热老化试样点蚀性能下降的主要原因是α’相的析出.     

碳纤维／环氧树脂复合材料的热氧老化机理

以碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料为研究对象，分别采用失重法、静态与动态（DMTA）力学性能测试和IR分析，研究了其热氧老化规律与机理。结果表明：在热氧老化条件下，碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料的失重率与时间之间的关系服从指数规律；其弯曲强度保留率在25℃热氧老化条件下与老化时间无关，而在100和150℃条件下则随时间呈指数规律衰减，并且温度越高，其弯曲强度保留率下降越快；DMTA与IR分析结果一致，25和100℃的条件下，碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料的老化形式为物理老化，而在150℃的条件下，则既有物理老化，又有化学老化。     

排水性沥青混合料热老化性能

为了研究排水性沥青混合料的热老化性能,首先研究了沥青混合料的热老化机理,然后通过对比分析确定了排水性沥青混合料的短期和长期热老化试验方法,最后对3种不同空隙率的排水性沥青混合料,分别研究了热老化对其高温稳定性、低温抗变形能力和抗水损害性能的影响规律。研究结果表明:热老化使结合料变脆,劲度模量变大,沥青混合料的动稳定度变大;相同热老化时间,随空隙率的增大,动稳定度增大,空隙率高的排水性沥青混合料低温抗弯拉破坏和抗收缩应力的能力越低;在同一空隙率下,排水性沥青混合料的最大弯拉强度和最大弯拉应变在老化后均减小;经过热老化处理后,排水性沥青混合料的抗水损害性能有所提高;在热老化时间相同条件下,空隙率越大,其抗水损害的能力就越差。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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