草酸艾司西酞普兰联合喹硫平治疗抑郁症合并高血压患者的疗效与安全性

目的探讨草酸艾司西酞普兰联合喹硫平治疗抑郁症合并高血压患者的疗效与安全性。方法本院2018年5月～2019年5月收治的86例抑郁症合并高血压患者,随机分为常规组(草酸艾司西酞普兰片治疗)、研究组(草酸艾司西酞普兰片联合喹硫平片治疗),各43例。比较两组的疗效和安全性。结果研究组整体疗效高于常规组(P0.05);研究组治疗后24h收缩压、24h舒张压均低于常规组(P0.05);研究组治疗后第2周、第4周、第8周HAMD汉密尔顿抑郁量表评分低于常规组、(P0.05);不良反应总发生率两组无明显差异(P0.05)。结论草酸艾司西酞普兰片与喹硫平联合治疗可以减轻抑郁症合并高血压的患者的抑郁程度、降低血压,而且不良反应少。     

草酸艾司西酞普兰合并艾地苯醌对脑卒中后抑郁的临床疗效观察

目的探讨草酸艾司西酞普兰合并艾地苯醌治疗脑卒中后抑郁的效果及安全性。方法将符合《国际疾病分类(第10版)》(ICD-10)脑卒中后抑郁症诊断标准的47例患者随机分为研究组(n=25)和对照组(n=22),给予研究组草酸艾司西酞普兰合并艾地苯醌治疗,给予对照组草酸艾司西酞普兰治疗。分别于治疗前和治疗后第1、2、3月采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、简易精神状态量表(MMSE)及副反应量表(TESS)评定疗效和不良反应。结果治疗前两组HAMD、HAMA、MMSE评分差异均无统计学意义(P0.05),治疗3个月后研究组HAMA和HAMD评分低于对照组,MMSE评分高于对照组,研究组总有效率(84.00%)高于对照组(59.09%),差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论草酸艾司西酞普兰合并艾地苯醌治疗脑卒中后抑郁的效果优于单独应用草酸艾司西酞普兰。     

盐酸文拉法辛和草酸艾司西酞普兰治疗抑郁症的对照研究

目的 比较盐酸文拉法辛和草酸艾司西酞普兰治疗抑郁症患者的疗效和安全性.方法 69例抑郁症患者随机分为盐酸文拉法辛组和草酸艾司西酞普兰组.盐酸文拉法辛治疗剂量150～225 mg/d,草酸艾司西酞普兰治疗剂量10～20 mg/d,采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)和汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)以及副反应评定量表(TESS)评定疗效和不良反应,观察时间为期8周.结果 两组药物在治疗终末期疗效以及不良反应差异没有统计学意义(P＞0.05).在治疗第6周末草酸艾司西酞普兰组HAMD/HAMA总评分低于盐酸文拉法辛组(P＜0.05).结论 盐酸文拉法辛与草酸艾司西酞普兰对抑郁症患者均有较好的疗效,安全性一致,但是后者起效更快.     

康复期男性海洛因依赖者诱发电位P300研究

目的:探讨康复期男性海洛因依赖者(MPHD)听觉诱发电位P300(AEP-P300)与视觉诱发电位P300(VEP-P300)的特点. 方法:以Neuroscan脑诱发电位仪检测38例康复期MPHD(MPHD组)和14名健康对照者(对照组)前额区(Fz)、中央区(Cz)及顶区(Pz)AEP-P300与VEP-P300. 结果:MPHD Cz点AEP-P300波幅平均秩次为23.1μV,显著低于对照组的35.8μV(P<0.05).与对照组比较,在以动物图片为靶刺激(AT)时,MPHD组Fz点波幅显著升高,Cz、Pz点潜伏期显著缩短(u=2.37、2.56、3.10,P<0.05或P<0.01);在以药物图片为靶刺激(DT)时,两组VEP-P300各指标均差异无显著性(P>0.05).与以AT为靶刺激比较,在以DT为靶刺激时,MPHD组上述各点的Fz、cz、Pz点的VEP-P300潜伏期均显著缩短,Pz点波幅显著升高(t=3.39,P<0.01). 结论:康复期MPHD者仍然存在明显的神经电生理功能的紊乱,对药物相关刺激呈现一定的偏好.     

文拉法辛、艾司西酞普兰对抑郁症患者痛觉诱发电位P250的影响

目的:探讨不同作用机制的抗抑郁药文拉法辛、艾司西酞普兰对抑郁症患者电刺激痛觉诱发电位P250的影响. 方法:52例抑郁症患者随机分组,分别接受文拉法辛(26例,75～ 225 mg/d)、艾司西酞普兰(26例,10 ～ 20 mg/d)治疗,于治疗前、治疗后2周末测定电刺激痛觉诱发电位P250,评定17项汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD). 结果:文拉法辛组治疗前P250波幅为(33±10) μV,治疗后下降为(27±7) μV,差异有统计学意义(P=0.000);西酞普兰组治疗前P250波幅为(35±8)μV,治疗后为(34±9)μV,差异无统计学意义(P=0.091);两组治疗前后P250峰潜伏期差异均无统计学意义(P=0.417、0.562).文拉法辛组治疗后的P250波幅下降率为(18±11)％,高于艾司西酞普兰组的(3±7)％,差异有统计学意义(P=0.000).两组治疗后HAMD减分率分别为(24±4)％、(26±5)％,差异无统计学意义(P =0.166).文拉法辛组、艾司西酞普兰组P250波幅下降率与HAMD减分率相关均无统计学意义(r =0.233,P=0.291;r =0.266,P=0.198). 结论:文拉法辛可下调抑郁症患者电刺激痛觉诱发电位P250波幅,其作用强于艾司西酞普兰、并可能独立于抗抑郁效应.     

草酸艾司西酞普兰联合氨磺必利治疗抑郁症的效果和安全性研究

目的探讨氨磺必利联合草酸艾司西酞普兰治疗抑郁症的有效性和安全性。方法采用随机数字表法将符合《国际疾病分类(第10版)》(ICD-10)抑郁症诊断标准的78例抑郁症患者分为草酸艾司西酞普兰组(对照组,n=40)和草酸艾司西酞普兰联合氨磺必利组(研究组,n=38),疗程8周。于治疗前和治疗后第2、4、6、8周末采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表17项版(HAMD-17)评定疗效,采用副反应量表(TESS)评定安全性和不良反应。结果治疗2周后,两组HAMD-17总评分比较差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。治疗4周后,研究组HAMD-17焦虑躯体化因子评分、体重因子评分、阻滞因子评分及总评分均较对照组低(P0.05或0.01)。两组总有效率差异有统计学意义(χ2=2.734,P0.01)。研究组与对照组口干、恶心、呕吐及便秘的发生率差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论在抑郁症的临床治疗过程中,相对于单用草酸艾司西酞普兰,联合用药可能会更有效地改善躯体症状,减轻早期消化道不良反应,加快起效时间。     

草酸艾司西酞普兰片联合养心汤加减治疗抑郁症的疗效及安全性

目的：探讨草酸艾司西酞普兰片联合养心汤加减治疗抑郁症的疗效。方法选取我院2014年1～12月收治的抑郁症患者,H A M D总分均≥18分。共入组68例,随机分为研究组和对照组,每组34例。研究组采用草酸艾司西酞普兰片联合养心汤加减治疗,对照组单用草酸艾司西酞普兰片治疗,疗程8周。于治疗前及治疗后第1,2,4,6,8周末采用 HAMD进行临床疗效评定,使用药物治疗不良反应量表（TESS）进行不良反应评定。结果两组患者治疗后 HAMD总分均较治疗前显著下降,治疗8周末研究组较对照组HAMD得分更低,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。研究组治疗总有效率为100．0％,明显高于对照组的82．3％,同时,研究组未出现一例不良反应,明显低于对照组的不良反应发生率14．7％,差异均有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）。结论采取草酸艾司西酞普兰片联合养心汤加减治疗抑郁症的效果较单用草酸艾司西酞普兰片为佳,起效快,不良反应少。     

米氮平与草酸艾司西酞普兰对伴失眠的老年抑郁症的疗效研究

目的比较米氮平与草酸艾司西酞普兰对伴失眠的老年抑郁症的疗效与安全性。方法选取符合《中国精神障碍分类与诊断标准(第3版)》(CCMD-3)诊断标准的老年抑郁症患者68例,采用随机数字表法分为米氮平组(n=35)和草酸艾司西酞普兰组(n=33)。米氮平组起始剂量7.5~15 mg/d,最高不超过45mg/d,草酸艾司西酞普兰组从5 mg/d开始服用,最高量不超过20 mg/d,观察期为8周,使用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HRSD)和副反应量表(TESS)于治疗前、治疗后1、2、4、8周末测评两组的疗效和安全性,使用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数问卷(PSQI)于治疗前、治疗后1、2、4、8周评定睡眠质量。结果治疗后8周,米氮平组和草酸艾司西酞普兰组有效率差异无统计学意义(91.4%vs.90.9%,χ2=0.124,P0.05)。治疗8周末,米氮平组和草酸艾司西酞普兰组PSQI评分差异有统计学意义[(6.20±2.52)vs.(9.14±2.42),t=4.98,P0.01]。不良反应两组比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.32,P0.05)。结论米氮平治疗老年抑郁症安全有效,但米氮平因其可快速改善睡眠质量,更适合对伴有失眠的老年抑郁症患者使用。     

Alzheimer病事件相关电位P300亚成份变化

目的分析Alzheimer病(AD)患者与正常老人(NC组)的事件相关电位P300亚成份构成的特性.方法应用丹麦仪器和听觉oddball范式,记录了39例AD组和40例NC组在Fz、Cz、Pz三点上P300,进一步分析P3亚成份.结果P3是一个复合波,NC组波形分化好,P3a、P3b双峰明显,稳定.在Fz、Cz、Pz点双峰波出现率分别为55%、42.5%和52.5%.在Cz和Pz点,AD组P3双峰波出现率低于NC组,有显著性差异(P＜0.05).本测试结果,在Fz点P3a潜伏期,Pa、P3b波幅,Cz点P3a、P3b波幅以及Pz点P3b潜伏期、P3b波幅上,AD组表现为同一趋势,即潜伏期延迟和波幅低于NC组,有显著性差异(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).结论提示P3a和P3b可能是一个可信赖的指标,oddball范式属于一种比较简单的认知作业,宜于老年患者和精神病患者完成,较适合精神科临床应用.     

低频重复经颅磁刺激联合草酸艾司西酞普兰治疗广泛性焦虑障碍的临床对照研究

目的探讨低频重复经颅磁刺激(r TMS)联合草酸艾司西酞普兰对广泛性焦虑障碍(GAD)的临床疗效及安全性。方法采用随机数字表法将符合《国际疾病分类(第10版)》(ICD-10)广泛性焦虑障碍诊断标准的60例患者分为研究组和对照组各30例,研究组采用低频r TMS(1Hz)刺激右侧前额叶背外侧部联合草酸艾司西酞普兰治疗,对照组单用草酸艾司西酞普兰治疗,观察期6周。分别在治疗前和治疗后1、2、4、6周采用汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)评定疗效,于治疗后第1、2、4、6周采用副反应量表(TESS)评定不良反应。结果治疗后各时点两组HAMA、SAS评分均较治疗前低(P均0.01),从第1周末开始,研究组HAMA、SAS评分均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P均0.05)。治疗6周后,研究组有效率高于对照组(86.67%vs.63.33%,χ~2=4.356,P0.05),且两组TESS评分比较差异无统计学意义[(2.33±0.96)分vs.(2.13±0.90)分,P0.05]。结论低频r TMS联合草酸艾司西酞普兰对GAD疗效可能优于单用草酸艾司西酞普兰。     

有暴力行为青少年事件相关电位N400的对照研究

目的：探讨有暴力行为青少年和正常青少年语言认知功能神经电生理的特点。方法：对我市未成年犯管教所服教的有暴力犯罪行为记录的51例男性青少年（暴力组）和40名既往无暴力犯罪行为记录的普通中学生（正常对照组）分别进行脑诱发电位N400的测定。结果：与对照组比较,暴力组N400Fz、Cz、Pz潜伏期明显延长（F=6.59、6.51、7.16,P均=0.00）,波幅显著降低（F=4.49、4.14、2.15,P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。结论：有暴力行为的男性青少年语言认知功能N400异常,提示可能存在语言认知功能的受损。     

Changes in p300 following two yoga-based relaxation techniques

Cyclic meditation (CM) is a technique that combines "stimulating" and "calming" practices, based on a statement in ancient yoga texts suggesting that such a combination may be especially helpful to reach a state of mental equilibrium. The changes in the peak latency and peak amplitude of P300 auditory event-related potentials were studied before and after the practice of cyclic meditation compared to an equal duration of supine rest in 42 volunteers (group mean age +/- SD, 27 +/- 6.3 years), from Fz, Cz, and Pz electrode sites referenced to linked earlobes. The sessions were one day apart and the order was alternated. There was reduction in the peak latencies of P300 after cyclic meditation at Fz, Cz, and Pz compared to the "pre" values. A similar trend of reduction in P300 peak latencies at Fz, Cz, and Pz was also observed after supine rest, compared to the respective "pre" values, although the magnitude of change in each case was less after supine rest compared to after cyclic meditation. The P300 peak amplitudes after CM were higher at Fz, Cz, and Pz sites compared to the "pre" values. In contrast, no significant changes were observed in the P300 peak amplitudes at Fz, Cz, and Pz after supine rest compared to the respective "pre" state. The present results support the idea that "cyclic" meditation enhances cognitive processes underlying the generation of the P300.     

度洛西汀对躯体型障碍患者认知功能P300的影响

目的 探讨度洛西汀对躯体型障碍患者认知功能的事件相关电位P300的影响.方法 随机将年龄在18～65岁符合CCMD-3躯体型障碍诊断标准患者30例作为实验组,选择30例性别年龄健康者作为对照组.实验组予度洛西汀治疗6周.各组分别予听觉P300检测,比较P300潜伏期及波幅的差异.结果 实验组PZ 点潜伏期（308±21）ms均比对照组（298±22）ms延长,实验组FZ 、CZ 、PZ、OZ点分别为（2.4±1.6）μV、（2.6±2.3）μV、（2.6±3.3）μV、（2.4±1.9）μV,波幅均比对照组降低,分别为（3.9±2.1）μV、（3.8±1.9）μV、（4.2±3.4）μV、（3.7±2.0）μV,（P〈0.05及0.01）.治疗8周后,实验组PZ 点潜伏期（299±20）ms明显缩短,FZ 、CZ 、PZ、OZ点波幅明显升高,分别为（3.4±1.7）μV、（3.7±2.2）μV、（3.9±3.3）μV、（3.5±1.8）μV（P〈0.05）.结论 躯体型障碍患者存在认知功能障碍,度洛西汀具有改善躯体型障碍认知功能的作用.     

CHANGES IN P300 FOLLOWING TWO YOGA-BASED RELAXATION TECHNIQUES

Cyclic meditation (CM) is a technique that combines “stimulating” and “calming” practices, based on a statement in ancient yoga texts suggesting that such a combination may be especially helpful to reach a state of mental equilibrium. The changes in the peak latency and peak amplitude of P300 auditory event–related potentials were studied before and after the practice of cyclic meditation compared to an equal duration of supine rest in 42 volunteers (group mean age ± SD, 27 ± 6.3 years), from Fz, Cz, and Pz electrode sites referenced to linked earlobes. The sessions were one day apart and the order was alternated. There was reduction in the peak latencies of P300 after cyclic meditation at Fz, Cz, and Pz compared to the “pre” values. A similar trend of reduction in P300 peak latencies at Fz, Cz, and Pz was also observed after supine rest, compared to the respective “pre” values, although the magnitude of change in each case was less after supine rest compared to after cyclic meditation. The P300 peak amplitudes after CM were higher at Fz, Cz, and Pz sites compared to the “pre” values. In contrast, no significant changes were observed in the P300 peak amplitudes at Fz, Cz, and Pz after supine rest compared to the respective “pre” state. The present results support the idea that “cyclic” meditation enhances cognitive processes underlying the generation of the P300.     

Abnormalities of auditory event-related potentials in students with high scores on the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire

Some auditory event-related potential (ERP) abnormalities characterize both patients with schizophrenia and subjects with schizotypal personality disorder. It was therefore hypothesized that subjects from the community with schizotypal traits might also present ERP abnormalities. In this study, we compared auditory ERP latencies and amplitudes in 13 subjects with high (H-SPQ) and 12 subjects with low (L-SPQ) scores on the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ), selected from 198 Tunisian students. Auditory ERPs were recorded at Fz, Cz, and Pz, with a standard oddball paradigm. Smaller P300 amplitudes and delayed P300 latencies were found in H-SPQ compared with L-SPQ participants. Confirming previous reports, our results suggest that reduced P300 amplitudes and delayed P300 latencies may be considered as vulnerability markers of the schizophrenia spectrum in nonclinical subjects from the community.     

事件相关电位诊断动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血后认知功能障碍的研究

目的 评价事件相关电位N200和P300评估动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血（aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage,aSAH）患者早期认知障碍的价值。 方法 连续纳入2013年10月-2014年12月于首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院住院治疗的aSAH患者, 按照入院14±3 d是否存在认知障碍分为aSAH认知障碍组和aSAH无认知障碍组,同时纳入年龄、性 别相匹配的正常人群作为对照组。所有入组患者完成MMSE、MoCA量表评定及脑电图事件相关电位 N200和P300潜伏期的测定[额中线（frontal midline,Fz）、中央中线（central midline,Cz）、顶中线（parietal midline,Pz）三个部位]。比较对照组、aSAH认知障碍组和aSAH无认知障碍组间N200及P300潜伏期的 差异。分析N200和P300诊断aSAH患者认知障碍的敏感性和特异性。另外,通过单因素和多因素分析, 明确aSAH患者发生早期认知障碍的独立危险因素。 结果 共入组62例aSAH患者,存在认知功能障碍者45例（72.6%）,无认知障碍者17例（27.4%）;对 照组30例患者。aSAH无认知障碍组和aSAH认知障碍组Cz、Pz和Fz的P300潜伏期均长于正常对照组, Cz和Pz的N200潜伏期长于正常对照组,aSAH认知障碍组Fz的N200潜伏期长于正常对照组,差异有统 计学意义;与aSAH无认知障碍组相比,aSAH认知障碍组Cz、Pz和Fz的P300及N200潜伏期均延长,差 异有统计学意义。事件相关电位N200潜伏期分界值为257.0～261.0 ms时,诊断认知障碍的敏感度为 67.1%～79.4%,特异度为74.2%～81.5%;事件相关电位P300潜伏期分界值为347.0～349.5 ms时,诊 断认知障碍的敏感度为88.1%～94.0%,特异度为78.9%～82.1%。多因素分析结果显示,低受教育年 限（OR 1.19,95%CI 1.02～2.15,P =0.037）及Hunt-Hess分级3级（OR 1.65,95%CI 1.05～1.92,P =0.013） 是aSAH患者出现早期认知障碍的独立危险因素。 结论 事件相关电位N200和P300可以作为判断aSAH患者早期认知功能障碍的一种有用的、客观的 检查工具。     

度洛西汀对抑郁症患者认知损害的汉语句子N400的影响

目的 探讨度洛西汀对抑郁症患者汉语句子事件相关电位N400的影响.方法 随机将年龄在18～60岁符合CCMD-3抑郁症诊断标准的60例患者分为阿米替林治疗组(实验组1,n=30)及度洛西汀治疗组(实验组2,n=30),选择30例健康者作为对照组.实验组治疗8周前后予汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分,各组分别予N400检测,分别比较N400潜伏期及波幅的差异.结果 实验组1、实验组2 Pz点潜伏期均比对照组延长,波幅均比对照组降低(P＜0.05及0.01).治疗后,实验组1、实验组2 Fz点潜伏期均比治疗前缩短,波幅均比治疗前升高(P＜0.05及0.01).实验组2 Pz点潜伏期比实验组1缩短,波幅均比实验组1升高(P＜0.05及0.01).治疗后,实验组1HAMD评分高于实验组2 (P＜0.01),实验组2显效率及总有效率明显高于实验组1(P＜0.01).结论 抑郁症患者存在与语言加工有关的认知损害,度洛西汀具有改善抑郁症患者认知功能的作用.     

Influence of reference electrodes, stimulation characteristics and task paradigms on auditory P50

Abstract To clarify the nature of auditory P50, middle latency auditory evoked potentials were recorded by using different conditions of reference electrodes (linked earlobes, LE; balanced non-cephalic, BN), stimulation characteristics (tone burst, human voice) and tasks (counting, simple reaction) in 10 right-handed males (aged 21–36 years). EEG was recorded from Fz, Cz, Pz, C3, C4, T3 and T4 according to the 10–20 system. Two groups of electrode sites were made for the statistical analysis: a midline group, Fz, Cz and Pz; and a lateral group, T3, C3, Cz, C4 and T4. The results were that the P50 amplitudes with BN electrodes were significantly higher than those with LE in both groups (midline, P < 0.01; lateral, P < 0.01); the P50 amplitudes by voice stimulation were significantly higher than those by tone stimulation in the lateral group ( P < 0.05), and the P50 latencies under a simple reaction paradigm were significantly shorter than those under a counting task in both groups (midline, P < 0.05; lateral, P < 0.05). These results suggest that various factors including motor response affect the P50 amplitudes and latencies.     

The effect of sex differences on event-related potentials in young adults.

Female/male cognitive differences have been studied for some time; however, such differences in Turkish population is unknown. Evoked potentials (EPs) of the brain have been applied as an index of information processing in a wide variety of normal and cognitive impaired subjects. Scalp event-related potentials (ERP) evoked by auditory stimuli were recorded in 20 male and 18 female neurologically and audiologically normal young Turkish subjects of 18-25 years (Av. 20.6) of age. Standard auditory "Oddball" paradigm involving simple discrimination task of concentrating on infrequent (target) stimulus and ignoring frequent (non-target) stimulus was employed. EEG activity was recorded at the Fz, Cz, Pz and Oz electrode sites of the 10-20 system using Ag/AgCl electrodes. Wave forms were collected and averaged off-line by a Pentium 100 computer, which also controlled the stimulus presentation. In general, significant main effects of gender and electrode site on evoked potential components were found. The interpeak amplitudes N1-P2 and N2-P3 were higher in the male subjects than in the female subjects at Cz. N2-P3 were higher in the male subjects than in the female subjects at Oz. The latencies of N1, P2, N2, P3 components were not different between both sex. For both sexes we found that N1-P2 amplitude was higher at Fz and Cz than Pz and Oz. N2-P3 amplitude was higher at Fz than Oz for only female subject. In male subjects, latency of N2 was longer at Fz than Oz. There were no significant differences in the latencies of N1, P2, and P3 components between electrode sites in both sexes. We suggest that ERP components could be affected by sex, electrode site, and cognitive performance.     

P300 differences exist between Tourette's syndrome with and without attention deficiency and hyperactivity disorder in children.

OBJECTIVE: To study the characteristics of P300 in Tourette's syndrome (TS) with and without attention deficiency and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHOD: Auditory evoked P300 were recorded in 19 TS only (TS-ADHD) children, 15 TS with ADHD (TS + ADHD) children and 20 unaffected control subjects, and their waveforms, amplitudes, latencies and topographies were compared at Fz, Cz, C3, C4 and Pz. RESULTS: The TS + ADHD group showed shorter latencies than control subjects at all electrode sites (P<0.05 or 0.01), and the TS-ADHD group at CZ and PZ (P<0.05); however, there was no significant difference between control subjects and the TS-ADHD group. The TS-ADHD group showed smaller amplitudes than the control group at all electrode sites (P<0.05), and the TS + ADHD group at Cz (P<0.05); however, there were no significant differences between control subjects and the TS + ADHD group. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of abnormal waveforms between the control, TS, TS-ADHD and TS + ADHD groups, but there were significant differences in the variability of localization of P300 between the control and the TS group (P=0.003), control and TS + ADHD groups (P=0.000), and the TS-ADHD and TS + ADHD groups (P=0.039). P300 in the TS + ADHD group tended to spread out to the left and that of the TS-ADHD group tended to spread out to the right. CONCLUSIONS: P300 differences exist between TS-ADHD and TS + ADHD in children. These suggested that establishment different development defects or delay of communications between different structures rather than a delay in maturation of the structures themselves may be involved in TS + ADHD and TS-ADHD children and ADHD symptoms in TS patients are likely a trait rather than adventitious or acquired within the TS syndrome.