共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
为促进微胚乳玉米醇溶蛋白的开发和应用,以微胚乳玉米为原料,分别采用乙醇浸提法和超声波辅助乙醇浸提法提取玉米醇溶蛋白,通过单因素实验优化工艺条件,并对微胚乳玉米醇溶蛋白的氨基酸组成进行分析。结果表明:乙醇浸提法提取微胚乳玉米醇溶蛋白的最优工艺条件为提取温度50℃,提取时间2.0 h,乙醇体积分数80%,料液比1∶12;超声波辅助乙醇浸提法提取微胚乳玉米醇溶蛋白的最优工艺条件为乙醇体积分数80%,超声时间40 min,料液比1∶20,超声功率500 W。在各自最优条件下,超声波辅助乙醇浸提法所得微胚乳玉米醇溶蛋白提取率和蛋白质含量分别为45.88%和82.1%,显著优于乙醇浸提法的32.61%和79.2%。微胚乳玉米醇溶蛋白的非极性氨基酸占比为59.11%,高于普通玉米醇溶蛋白的53.38%。综上,与乙醇浸提法相比,超声波辅助乙醇浸提法具有较强的优越性;微胚乳玉米醇溶蛋白较普通玉米醇溶蛋白显示出更强的疏水性。 相似文献
2.
3.
目的:研究扫频式超声波预处理对玉米醇溶蛋白酶解特性的影响。方法:以ACE抑制活性和水解度为指标,考察扫频超声波对玉米醇溶蛋白制备ACE抑制肽酶解特性的影响;研究经扫频超声处理后,玉米醇溶蛋白二级结构、表面形貌、酶解产物氨基酸组成等特性的变化。结论:扫频超声波预处理玉米醇溶蛋白后,其水解度和酶解液的ACE抑制率显著提高;酶解产物的疏水性氨基酸和支链氨基酸含量大幅度提高。(40±2)k Hz/(68±2)k Hz组合双频扫频超声波预处理后,玉米醇溶蛋白酶解液的ACE抑制率为43.7%,与未超声对照组相比提高了1.21倍。玉米醇溶蛋白经超声处理后其二级结构发生变化;原子力显微镜对其表面形貌分析表明,双频扫频超声处理使玉米醇溶蛋白颗粒迅速疏松、细化,出现分子自组装聚集现象。 相似文献
4.
应用Plackett-Burman实验设计和响应面法优化超声波辅助双酶法提取米糠蛋白的最佳工艺条件。利用Plackett-Burman实验设计从影响米糠蛋白提取率的8个因素中筛选出超声功率、α-淀粉酶酶解温度和Alcalase2.4L蛋白酶酶解温度3个主要影响因素,采用最陡爬坡法逼近米糠蛋白最大提取率的响应区域,最后通过响应面法优化得到米糠蛋白提取的最佳工艺条件为:超声波功率为220W,α-淀粉酶酶解温度为57℃,Alcalase2.4L蛋白酶酶解温度为51℃,在此工艺条件下经过验证实验得到米糠蛋白的提取率为80.83%。 相似文献
5.
《中国调味品》2021,(2)
文章系统研究了不同提取工艺对沙棘蛋白组成及α-淀粉酶抑制活性的影响。分别采用水提、盐提、碱溶酸沉、先醇提后碱溶酸沉、先碱溶酸沉后醇提这5种工艺提取沙棘蛋白,比较了沙棘蛋白的蛋白质含量、蛋白提取率、色泽、α-淀粉酶抑制活性、氨基酸组成和重金属含量,确定了提取沙棘蛋白的最优工艺。研究结果表明,最佳提取工艺为先醇提后碱溶酸沉,该工艺提取得到的沙棘蛋白的蛋白质含量为(77.86±2.34)%,蛋白质提取率为(73.18±1.8)%,氨基酸组成完全,且当浓度为1mg/mL时,α-淀粉酶抑制活性可以达到85%,80℃热处理不会影响其抑制活性;重金属含量检测表明,该蛋白中重金属含量均低于国家安全标准,可以用于食品工业生产。该研究可为沙棘蛋白的深加工与利用提供理论基础。 相似文献
6.
7.
8.
9.
以茶树菇(Agrocybe aegerita)为原料,采用超声辅助酶的方法提取膳食纤维(DF)。在单因素试验的基础上,选取料液比、α-淀粉酶用量、蛋白酶用量、超声功率4个因素为响应变量,以茶树菇膳食纤维得率为响应值,利用Box-Behnken试验设计建立数学模型进行响应面分析。结果表明,超声辅助酶提取的膳食纤维最佳工艺条件为料液比1∶29(g∶mL),α-淀粉酶用量1.5%,蛋白酶用量1.2%,超声功率150 W。在此优化条件下,膳食纤维得率为37.70%,与预测值接近,比相同的条件下超声波水提取膳食纤维得率的结果高出5.4%。并对其理化性质指标进行测定,测得其持水力为5.4 g/g,膨胀力为2.7 mL/g,持油力为3.7 g/g。 相似文献
10.
该研究旨在考察超声波对菊粉糖基化改性玉米醇溶蛋白产物的二级结构以及对膜机械性能的影响。经不同超声功率预处理后进行干法糖基化改性,测定接枝度、抗拉强度和伸长率、粒径、巯基和二硫键的含量。结果表明:经500 W超声预处理后,玉米醇溶蛋白糖基化反应的接枝度达到28.65%,抗拉强度和伸长率达到最大值,分别为19.4 MPa和3.6%,此时粒径最大,溶液分布较均匀。随着超声功率的不断增大,改性后玉米醇溶蛋白呈现巯基含量逐渐升高,二硫键含量逐渐降低的趋势。另外,圆二色谱分析表明,随着超声功率增加,玉米醇溶蛋白分子中α-螺旋含量降低11.9%,β-折叠含量增加了11.3%。说明超声处理可使蛋白质结构改变,有助于糖基化反应,进而提高蛋白膜的机械性能。 相似文献
11.
亚麻籽胶微波辅助提取与热水浸提方法比较研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
本研究通过单因素和正交优化试验分别确定了热水浸提与微波辅助提取两种方法提取亚麻籽胶的最佳工艺条件。结果表明,热水浸提法提取亚麻籽胶的最佳工艺为:温度80℃、时间6 h、料液比1:10、提取次数1次;该条件下亚麻籽胶得率为7.28%,所得的亚麻籽胶中,多糖质量分数为68.13%,蛋白质质量分数为10.21%。微波辅助提取的最佳工艺为:温度80℃、时间1 h、料液比1:10、输出功率600 W、搅拌速度900r/min、提取次数1次;该条件下亚麻籽胶得率为6.46%,其中多糖质量分数为63.13%,蛋白质质量分数为13.75%。通过扫描电镜对提胶前后亚麻籽表面微观形态分析表明,胶液的溶出会破坏亚麻籽表面,微波处理对亚麻籽表层结构破坏大于热水浸提。红外吸收光谱分析表明,所得提取物在1 410 cm~(-1)的C-H变角振动和2 930 cm~(-1)的C-H伸缩振动以及1 039 cm~(-1)的O-H变角振动,构成了糖环的特征吸收峰,证明获得的亚麻籽提取物为亚麻籽胶。 相似文献
12.
Hoang Van Chuyen Nguyen Thi Ngoc Hoi Jong‐Bang Eun 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2012,47(7):1333-1338
Bixin from annatto seed was extracted by submerging the seeds in acetone and by combined extractions using sodium hydroxide and soybean oil in the dark to improve extraction yield and reduce content of volatile compounds in annatto extracts. The exclusion of light from acetone extraction did not significantly improve bixin extraction yield (68.5%) compared to the process carried out under daylight (67.3%), but it remarkably reduced contents of toluene and m‐xylene in annatto extracts. Combined extraction using sodium hydroxide solution at 50 °C for 40 min and soybean oil at 100 °C for 20 min resulted in very low level of volatile compounds. Significantly higher extraction yield (53.7%) could be achieved by such a process as compared to a single extraction sodium hydroxide (31.8%) or soybean oil (42.9%) alone. In conclusion, the exclusion of light from acetone extraction and combined extraction significantly reduced concentration of undesirable volatile compounds. The combined extraction significantly improved bixin yield compared to the original extraction methods. 相似文献
13.
微波萃取技术及其在果胶提取中的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
微波萃取技术与传统的提取技术相比,具有简便、高效、选择性强、能耗低、环境污染少产品提取率高等优点,因而备受研究人员的关注.文中对微波萃取技术的原理、特点、主要影响因素及其在果胶提取中的应用等进行了综述,并展望了其发展前景. 相似文献
14.
15.
16.
17.
传统溶剂提取与酶辅助提取燕麦多酚工艺的优化与比较 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以燕麦多酚提取率为评价指标,通过单因素实验和正交实验确定了传统溶剂提取法对燕麦多酚的最佳提取工艺为乙醇体积分数80%,料液比1∶20,水浴温度50℃,浸提时间2h,在此条件下燕麦总酚提取含量为0.817mg/g。在溶剂提取法的基础上,进一步通过单因素实验和响应面优化实验对酶辅助提取燕麦多酚的工艺参数进行了优化,结果表明,最佳酶解工艺为蛋白酶添加量5.0mg/g,淀粉酶添加量0.9mL/g,酶解温度73℃,酶解时间1.2h,在此条件下燕麦多酚提取含量为2.169mg/g,较溶剂法提取含量明显提高。 相似文献
18.
19.
Extraction of plant materials is an essential practice in various fields using natural compounds. Nevertheless, it is challenging to perform complicated extraction efficiently and consistently on materials with hard-to-crush structures. This work presents a new method called simultaneous stone-milling and extraction (SME) to achieve one-step extraction of hard materials. SME under its optimal conditions was confirmed to produce high quality extracts from whole spice seeds (anise seeds, dill seeds, fennel seeds) and coarse-cut star anise. Compared to other extraction methods like maceration, heat-assisted extraction and ultrasound-assisted extraction, SME extracts contained comparable or higher concentrations of general (polyphenols, flavonoids, antioxidants) and specific (enzyme inhibitors) bioactive groups. Hence, SME with its one-step operation is expected to simplify the task of plant extraction and contribute to the advances in studies using plant-derived phytochemicals. 相似文献
20.
Ultrasonic-assisted extraction of epimedin C from fresh leaves of Epimedium and extraction mechanism
Hua-Feng Zhang Xiao-Hua Yang Li-Dong Zhao Ying Wang 《Innovative Food Science and Emerging Technologies》2009,10(1):54-60
Epimedin C is an important component of Epimedium with many beneficial functions to human health. In this study, the feasibility of the extraction of epimedin C from fresh leaves of Epimedium using ultrasonic probe system was demonstrated. The high extraction yield of epimedin C was obtained under an optimum extraction condition: extraction temperature of 50 °C, methanol concentration 60% (v/v), ratio of liquor to solid 30 mL g? 1, and ultrasonication time 15 min. Scanning electron micrographs and transmission electron micrographs revealed that ultrasound could result in the disruptions of leaf tissues and cell walls, which enhanced the mass transfer of the solvents into the leaf materials and the soluble constituents into the solvents. Compared with traditional Soxhlet extraction method, ultrasonic-assisted extraction reduced extraction time, extraction temperature and solvent consumption, as well as achieved the similar recovery of epimedin C.Industrial relevanceEpimedin C is considered one of the most important flavonoids with significant bioactivities in the famous medicinal plant, Epimedium. It shows great potential for becoming a nutraceutical in functional foods or a phytopharmaceutical for preventing and treating some serious and fatal illnesses. In this study, ultrasonic-assisted extraction of epimedin C directly from fresh Epimedium leaves was optimized for further large-scale industrial processing for the first time, and the extraction mechanism was discussed. 相似文献