复合混凝剂PMFC处理印染废水的实验研究

利用废熔盐研制了一种新型复合混凝剂PMFC(聚合氯化镁铁)。应用该复合混凝剂对印染模拟废水以及实际废水进行了处理,并对其混凝机理进行了探讨。实验结果表明：该复合混凝剂在合适的条件下对印染废水具有良好的处理能力,其脱色效果明显优于PAC。此外,该复合无机混凝剂具有成本低、脱色率高、沉降速度快等优点。     

PFS-PDM复合混凝剂对东江水源水净化处理及其混凝性能研究

将聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(PDMDAAC)与聚合硫酸铁(PFS)复合制备了新型复合混凝剂PFS-PDMDAAC(PFS-PDM),对秋冬季东江微污染水源水强化混凝净化处理,并采用红外光谱、扫描电镜、Zeta电位对复合混凝剂的形态和性能进行初步表征。结果表明,复合混凝剂PFS-PDM在浊度、UV_(254)及CODMn去除效果都优于单独使用PFS或PDM,PFS-PDM并不是PFS和PDM简单机械混合,而是形成新的结构,复合混凝剂PDM含量及盐基度对混凝性能影响与Zeta电位相关。     

阳离子型改性粉煤灰吸附处理印染废水

采用高分子聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵、阳离子型聚季铵盐(BT-3)和粉煤灰自制新型混凝剂(阳离子型改性粉煤灰)处理印染废水,并考察了原粉煤灰、聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵和新型混凝剂对印染废水的处理效果。结果表明:复合混凝剂处理印染废水具有成本低、效果好的特点,当改性粉煤灰投加浓度为12 g/L,吸附时间为55 min,pH=9,反应温度为25℃时,印染废水的脱色率可达97%以上。     

复合型铁盐混凝剂研究进展

复合型铁盐混凝剂在聚合硫酸铁和聚合氯比铁基础上研究成功的新型高效净水剂之一，具有品种多，生产方法多，原料来源多的特点。应用于原水和废水净化处理上，其凝聚和处理效果优于其他无机混凝剂。按阴离子复合，阳离子复合，多种离子复合等3类，综述了近年来我国复合型铁盐混凝剂开发研究的进展情况。     

硫酸烧渣制备聚合双酸铁铝及其混凝性能

对采用硫铁矿烧渣为主要原料，生产制备新型聚合双酸铁铝混凝剂及其水处理混凝性能进行了研究。对影响烧渣中铁溶出率的反应温度和反应时间进行了考察，并以城市污水和染色工业废水为处理对象，考察了新型聚合双酸铁铝的混凝性能。结果表明，在反应温度为110℃和反应时间为70min时，烧渣中铁的溶出率达到95％左右，经水解聚合反应后所得的聚合双酸铁铝比聚合硫酸铁具有更好的混凝性能和更低的成本。与聚合硫酸铁相比，聚合双酸铁铝具有混凝性能优、成本低廉的特点。     

矿渣复合混凝剂处理造纸黑液的研究

用硫酸和盐酸的混合酸分别搅拌浸取粉煤灰、锅炉渣和水淬渣，制得矿渣复合混凝剂，并用其对造纸黑液进行处理。实验表明，各种矿渣复合混凝剂中，粉煤灰混凝剂效果最好；较高温度、适宜的酸浓度处理后所得的混凝剂有利于对造纸黑液的处理；去除1kgCODCr1#混凝剂的费用仅占PY型的3．6％；另外提出了具有实用价值的处理工艺流程。     

低温低浊河网水的有机高分子助凝处理研究

用不同特征黏度的聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(PDM)与聚合氯化铝(PAC)、两种市售无机复合聚铝分别复合,用以改进无机混凝剂对低温低浊微污染河网水的混凝脱浊效果。考察了无机混凝剂的种类及其与PDM的复合配比对低温低浊微污染河网水脱浊效果的影响。结果表明,对温度为7～10℃,浊度为4.5～8NTU的低温低浊河网水,在与实际生产相近的混凝搅拌强度下,要达到2NTU左右的出水余浊标准,PAC、复合聚铝1、复合聚铝2分别需4.0、3.5、2.8mg/L的投加量。而用特征黏度分别为0.52、1.47、2.46 dL/g的PDM配制的、无机复合聚铝与PDM复合质量比为20:1、10:1、5:1的复合混凝剂PAC/PDM、复合聚铝1/PDM、复合聚铝2/PDM,比单独使用同种无机混凝剂,分别约能减少10%～25%、8.6%～28.6%、7.1%～28.6%的无机药剂投加量,无机复合聚铝与PDM复合比例越低、PDM特征黏度越高,复合混凝剂脱浊效果越好。因此,PDM对低温低浊河网水具有明显的强化混凝脱浊效果。     

新型固体聚合硫酸铁（PFS）混凝剂在处理乳化液中的应用

采用先进工艺和科学配方精制而成的新型PFS混凝剂比用常规方法生产的PFS混凝剂具有更强的水解性,因此在处理乳化液中可代替脱水剂CaCl_2和混凝剂Al_2 (SO_4)_3、助凝剂PAM,具备了脱水剂和混凝剂的双重特性,使处理每吨乳化液的药剂成本从8.00元下降至3.50元,CODcr和石油类去除率也分别达到98％和95％。     

新型稀土复合混凝剂在印染废水中的应用

新型稀土复合混凝剂PACRES是一种以聚合氯化铝为主要成分，并含有稀土、硫等元素的复合混凝剂。将它应用于印染废水处理，可改善处理效果，使废水的色度和CODCr达到较高的去除率，同时用量比PAC降低。     

煤矸石基混凝剂在制革废水处理中的应用

用煤矸石及硫铁矿烧渣作原料制备了-种高效复合混凝剂聚硅酸铝铁(PSAF),并将其用于制革废水的处理.结果表明:在pH 6～9范围内,PSAF混凝剂对废水有较好的处理效果.在常温、pH7～8、PSAF混凝剂用量为70mg/L条件下,S2-、SS、CODCr和Cr3 的去除率分别为90.4%、87.5%、84.5%和80.6%;温度对CODCr去除率的影响不大;与传统混凝剂Al2(SO4)3和FeCl3相比,PSAF混凝剂具有混凝沉降速度快、处理废水后水中残余量低、处理废水费用低等特点.文中还探讨了混凝剂对制革废水的混凝沉降机理.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Some Large Wood-Boring Beetles in Southeastern USA

Ethanol and α-pinene were tested as attractants for large wood-boring pine beetles in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina in 2002–2004. Multiple-funnel traps baited with (−)-α-pinene (released at about 2 g/d at 25–28°C) were attractive to the following Cerambycidae: Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus rusticus nubilus, Asemum striatum, Monochamus titillator, Prionus pocularis, Xylotrechus integer, and X. sagittatus sagittatus. Buprestis lineata (Buprestidae), Alaus myops (Elateridae), and Hylobius pales and Pachylobius picivorus (Curculionidae) were also attracted to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. In many locations, ethanol synergized attraction of the cerambycids Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus r. nubilus, Monochamus titillator, and Xylotrechus s. sagittatus (but not Asemum striatum, Prionus pocularis, or Xylotrechus integer) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. Similarly, attraction of Alaus myops, Hylobius pales, and Pachylobius picivorus (but not Buprestis lineata) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene was synergized by ethanol. These results provide support for the use of traps baited with ethanol and (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common large wood-boring beetles from the southeastern region of the USA at ports-of-entry in other countries, as well as forested areas in the USA.