城市基础设施建设的前瞻性

提出了城市规划和建设中,基础设施建设的重要性,对其前瞻性的含义进行了阐述,从城市公共交通、智能工程建设、安全自动化等方面进行论述并提出相应的解决方法。     

Urban ecology and transformation of technical infrastructure

There is a need to rethink technical infrastructure for energy and water provision and for handling sewage and solid waste due to environmental problems related to the current large‐scale systems. From the author's point of view this includes a shift towards combining bottom‐up and top‐down strategies instead of seeing such strategies as incompatible. In Denmark there is an increasing interest in user involvement and small‐scale solutions to environmental problems, but still most planners of the large supply systems continue a top‐down attitude towards the planning process. It is argued that the main barrier to implementing urban ecology in network management is the lack of understanding of technical infrastructure as more than technique, and the technicians’ faith in large‐scale solutions. Today's planning practice and the momentum of the established systems require new forums for strategic debates if urban ecology is to be included in future network management. A methodology is presented for structuring a debate on future sustainable systems, which includes new actors with very different viewpoints on network management in the debate on the transformation process.     

浅议基础设施规划对城市发展的影响

结合天津滨海新区塘沽区建设经验,介绍了现行城市基础设施规划编制过程,阐述了尊重基础设施规划对整个城市建设所起到的重要作用,并针对忽视基础设施规划对城市的持续发展所带来的负面影响,建设性地提出了解决策略。     

Regional valuation of infrastructure and transport attributes for Swedish road freight

Is it possible to identify regional differences among shippers in their valuation of infrastructure improvements? In this study, the question is analysed using a random utility approach, where parameters are estimated by a logit model. Data consist of a Swedish stated-preference study from 1992. The results indicate that regional differences exist, but that a considerable heterogeneity in the empirical data means that in some cases the results are not robust. However, when industrial mix, shipping distance, and goods values are held constant, the analysis still indicates the existence of regional differences. Independently of the limitations in the results, the study has implications for any infrastructure benefit analysis where parameters from spatial averages are used. The results are based on short-term decisions, and one should recognise that parameters may vary in the mid- and long-term. Received: May 1999/Accepted: March 2001     

Towards sustainable infrastructure development through integrated contracts: Experiences with inclusiveness in Dutch infrastructure projects

Current complex society necessitates finding inclusive arrangements for delivering sustainable road infrastructure integrating design, construction and maintenance stages of the project lifecycle. In this article we investigate whether linking stages by integrated contracts can lead to more sustainable road infrastructure development by assessing public and private experiences with inclusiveness of integrated Dutch Design-Build-Finance-Maintain (DBFM) projects throughout the procurement, design, construction and maintenance and operation stages. Through semi-structured interviews and document analysis, we find that public and private parties experience that inclusiveness is increased by DBFM contracts, although differences between investigated actor, scope and time dimensions of inclusiveness exist. We conclude that integrated contracts can lead to more sustainable infrastructure development because of the lifecycle optimization incentives provided by the linked contract stages of design, construction and maintenance. Based on our findings we recommend to pursue three avenues towards more sustainable infrastructure development: green procurement, strategic asset management and relational contracting.     

Tunnelling for infrastructure development in Thailand

This paper reports the status of tunnel construction and planning for infrastructure development and improvement in Thailand. Tunnelling and similar underground construction methods have been increasingly adopted in recent time in a number of development projects in Thailand for reasons of environment impact minimization, limitation of surface space and more efficient use.     

低影响开发与绿色雨水基础设施——解决城市严重雨洪问题措施

LID强调雨水为一种资源而不是一种废物,不能随项目的开发而任意直接排放,要求在汇水面源头维持和保护场地自然水文功能、有效缓解大量不透水面积带来的不利影响,与利用管道(渠)排放的传统雨水系统不同,LID不仅强调采用小型、分散、低成本、且具有景观功能的雨水措施控制径流总量和污染物水平,还强调在规划设计阶段-项目实施阶段上的源头就要系统地考虑应用低影响开发的理念和措施,以实现维持场地原有水文条件的总体目标。     

城市基础设施建设模式对房地产开发的影响

从时间分布、空间分布和功能结构三种角度,剖析了城市基础设施建设模式对于房地产开发的影响和作用,指出城市应当切实加强基础设施的科学规划和基础设施产业的持续发展。     

Service labor allocation during development: Longitudinal perspectives on cross-sectional patterns

International cross sectional analyses have frequently indicated that the share of a country's labor force in the service sector increases, declines and then increases again with rising per capita GNP. This pattern deviates from the theoretically justified and empirically observed time series trends in individual countries that show monotonically increasing service labor shares during the course of development. This paper suggests that the apparent paradox results from systematic changes in the longitudinal trends over time that are a result of the differences in the nature of countries entering the transition as well as the changes in the world environment. Simulation analysis is used to demonstrate how the changing longitudinal trends can generate the observed hump in cross sectional models of service labor allocation.     

我国农村基础设施建设与发展对策研究

调查研究我国农村基础设施建设与发展的现状,归纳其中存在的主要问题,分析影响农村基础设施供给与需求的主要因素,提出完善农村基础设施建设与发展的对策建议。     

创新农村住宅发展模式 推进基础设施建设

本文通过调研青岛市在农村住宅和基础设施建设及发展中探索出的一些成功的经验,归纳出几种农村住宅发展的新模式,总结其在农村基础设施建设与发展中的经验,以期对其他地区的新农村建设起到积极的示范和启示作用。     

基础设施项目开发的PFI模式的探讨

主要介绍了PFI模式的概念、分类以及优点,分析了我国基础设施项目开发引进PFI模式的可行性,并且针对我国的现状提出了引进PFI模式需要解决的几个问题,以促进PFI模式的发展,从而促进我国基础设施建设的发展。     

Organising for infrastructure development programmes: Governing internal logic multiplicity across organisational spaces

Programme organisations operate in complex environments under the influence of multiple institutional logics. Previous studies have focused on how these kinds of organisations respond to external demands by implementing appropriate governance structures. This, however, produces an understanding of programme organisations as being unitary and working to integrate programme activities and practices under one dominant internal institutional logic. In this paper, we study the consequences of internal logic multiplicity for the governance of programme organisations. Drawing on data from a major Danish construction programme we show how, in order to achieve its mission, the programme organisation incorporates three distinct logics into its daily activities and practices. The findings illustrate how a compartmentalised structural approach is applied to differentiate and independently deal with the three logics in structurally distinct organisational spaces. To avoid fragmentation and ensure coordination, governance mechanisms are put in place that coordinate activities and practices across the organisational spaces whilst maintaining their compartmentalisation. The paper thus contributes to the literature on programme management with insights on how the institutional context influences programme structures and operations, and how governance mechanisms are implemented to manage activities and practices across organisational spaces guided by different logics.