应用Nafion修饰电极测定油脂中过氧化物的研究

目的 探讨检测油脂中过氧化物的新方法.方法 基于食用油的介电性质,制备了Nafion修饰玻碳电极,采用循环伏安法测定食用油中的过氧化物.结果 在优化条件下,得到过氧化物浓度在3×10-6～3×10-4mol/L范围内,其浓度与峰电流线性相关.结论 得到了用Nafion修饰电极检测油脂过氧化物的新方法.     

循环伏安法测定油脂中过氧化物含量的研究

本研究基于食用油的介电性质,制备了Nafion 修饰玻碳电极,采用循环伏安法测定食用油中的过氧化物,探讨一种检测油脂中过氧化物的新方法.在优化条件下,得到过氧化物浓度在3×10-6～3×10-4mol/L 范围内其浓度与峰电流线性相关.     

聚谷氨酸修饰电极测定食品中的麦芽酚

建立一种用聚谷氨酸修饰电极测定麦芽酚的新方法。制备了聚谷氨酸修饰电极,用循环伏安法研究了麦芽酚在聚谷氨酸修饰电极上的电化学行为。实验表明:聚谷氨酸修饰电极对麦芽酚的电化学氧化具有明显催化作用,与未修饰的玻碳电极相比,麦芽酚在聚谷氨酸修饰电极上的氧化峰电流明显增大;在p H8.0的磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲溶液（sodium hydrogen phosphate-citric acid buffer solution,PBS）中,麦芽酚在聚谷氨酸修饰电极上呈现不可逆的氧化峰,氧化峰电流与麦芽酚浓度成正比,线性范围为2.40×10-6⁶.61×10-4mol/L,检出限为8.0×10-7mol/L。用该种方法测定了面包、饮料、啤酒中的麦芽酚,回收率在98.8%¹03.7%之间,结果满意。该方法灵敏、准确、实用,对食品中麦芽酚的测定具有实际意义和应用前景。      

氮掺杂石墨烯基酶修饰电极测定对苯二酚

在改进的Hummers方法制备得到的氧化石墨基础上,以聚苯胺为氮源,采用水热还原法制备了氮掺杂石墨烯纳米材料,并采用傅里叶红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜等方法对制备的纳米材料进行表征。将制备的氮掺杂石墨烯与辣根过氧化物酶复合制备了酶修饰电极用来进行对苯二酚的检测。采用循环伏安法研究了该酶修饰电极对对苯二酚的催化性能。结果表明,该酶修饰电极在H_2O_2存在的情况下,对对苯二酚具有很好的催化活性,在确定的实验条件下,对苯二酚的检测线性范围为9×10~(-5)～5.075×10~(-3) mol/L,检出限为1×10~(-5) mol/L (S/N=3),灵敏度为84.14 mA/(mol·cm~2)。该酶修饰电极对尿酸、抗坏血酸、维生素E、柠檬酸、葡萄糖具有很好的抗干扰能力和选择性,同时,该酶修饰电极具有良好的重复现性,经过5次平行测定得到的相对标准偏差为2.89%。该酶修饰电极可以用于水中的对苯二酚的检测。     

聚色氨酸修饰玻碳电极测定动物性食品中己烯雌酚

用循环伏安法制备了聚色氨酸修饰玻碳电极。研究了己烯雌酚在聚色氨酸修饰电极上的电化学行为,建立了一种直接测定动物性食品中己烯雌酚含量的新方法。实验结果表明:在p H=5.0的磷酸盐缓冲溶液体系中,己烯雌酚在聚色氨酸修饰玻碳电极上于-0.2⁰.8 V范围内出现一对可逆的氧化还原峰,与裸玻碳电极相比较,聚色氨酸修饰电极对己烯雌酚的电化学反应具有促进作用。己烯雌酚浓度在5.00×10^-81.00×10^-6mol/L范围内与其氧化峰电流成正比,检出限为2.00×10^-9mol/L,对己烯雌酚溶液平行测定6次的RSD为2.4%。该修饰电极具有良好的灵敏度、选择性和稳定性,可用于牛肉、鱼肉及奶粉中己烯雌酚含量的测定,回收率为96.0%¹02.3%,结果满意,方法具有实用价值。      

二氧化钛纳米管修饰电极测定食醋中镍含量

在pH 8.0的NH4Cl-NH3·H2O缓冲液中,-1.10V富集3min后,Ni 2+在阳极溶出扫描过程中会产生灵敏度高的特征溶出峰,据此建立了基于二氧化钛纳米管修饰电极线性扫描阳极溶出伏安法测定食醋中镍含量的新方法。优化了分析底液、富集电位与时间以及修饰剂用量等测定参数。在优化条件下,溶出峰电流与Ni 2+在3.0×10-7~5.0×10-5 mol/L浓度区间有较好的线性规律,检出限为1.0×10-7 mol/L(S/N=3)。运用本方法测定了食醋中的镍含量,结果满意。     

微波消解-Nafion修饰电极溶出伏安法测定海带中的铅含量

建立一种基于微波消解-Nafion修饰电极溶出伏安法用于检测海带中的铅离子。铅离子在－0.62V处出现了清晰的氧化峰。对Nafion的浓度、缓冲液的pH值、富集电位、富集时间及可能存在的干扰物质进行考察。铅离子在6.0～16.0μg/L范围内呈线性关系,线性相关性系数为0.9984,检出限为0.04μg/L。结果表明,该传感器在过量的干扰离子存在条件下,表现出超灵敏性和有效性。     

功能化多壁碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极测定沙丁胺醇

制备多壁碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极,应用循环伏安法研究沙丁胺醇在修饰电极上的电化学行为。结果表明,碳纳米管修饰电极对沙丁胺醇的氧化有良好的电催化活性,在最佳测试条件下,氧化峰电位负移至0.601V,比裸玻碳电极负移90mV,氧化峰电流与沙丁胺醇浓度在2.09×10-7～2.27×10-6mol/L范围内呈良好线性关系,检出限达1.9×10-7mol/L。该电极具有良好的重现性和稳定性。     

离子液体修饰碳糊电极测定食品中香草醛

本文合成1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸[BMIM]BF4,用该离子液体构置了具更高导电效率的修饰电极。在pH=7.4的磷酸二氢钠-磷酸氢二钠缓冲溶液中,用循环伏安法和差分脉冲伏安法研究了香草醛在离子液体修饰电极和碳糊电极上的电化学行为,建立了测定香草醛的电化学方法,离子修饰电极显示了更好的电化学特性,在+0.440 V (vs.SCE)左右有一个不可逆的氧化峰。DPV法线性范围2.0 μg/mL~30.0 μg/mL,检测限1.0 μg/mL。并对香草醛的电极反应机理做了初步研究。     

基于方波伏安法的聚多巴胺@纳米银修饰玻碳电极测定畜禽肉中氯丙嗪

基于多巴胺(dopamine,DA)的自聚反应,在纳米银(sliver nanoparticles,AgNPs)和玻碳电极(glassy carbon electrode,GCE)表面形成聚多巴胺(polydopamine,PDA)膜,使AgNPs均匀分散在GCE表面,得到PDA@AgNPs/GCE修饰电极;对DA的自聚时间、氯丙嗪的电化学测试方法及条件等进行考察和优化,构建基于方波伏安法的氯丙嗪快速检测方法;利用循环伏安法、交流阻抗法和扫描电子显微镜对修饰电极进行表征。最佳条件下,氯丙嗪在PDA@AgNPs/GCE上的氧化峰电流与其浓度在5.0×10^-8～1.0×10^-5 mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系(R²=0.991),检出限(R_SN=3)为1.7×10^-8 mol/L。用该法测定猪肉、鸡肉和牛肉中氯丙嗪的加标回收率分别为84.9%～88.8%、79.8%～93.8%、80.6%～93.9%。该方法所用测试仪器轻巧便携,修饰电极的制备方法简便易行、成本低、便于批量制备,...     

Electrochemical Determination of Tert-Butyl Hydroquinone in Edible Oil Samples at Poly (Crystal Violet) Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode

The synthetic phenolic antioxidant tert-butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ) is frequently associated to adverse health effects. A polymerized film of crystal violet (CV) was prepared on the surface of a glass carbon electrode (GCE) by electropolymerization in alkaline solution, and then the modified electrode was successfully used to determine TBHQ. This electrode was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical impedance spectra. The voltammetric behavior of TBHQ over an extended pH range using cyclic voltammetry at poly (crystal violet) modified glassy carbon electrode (PCV/GCE) was also studied. The resulting electrode exhibited excellent electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidation of TBHQ, and this was confirmed by the observed increased redox peak currents and shifted potentials. The electrochemical sensor can be applied to the quantification of TBHQ with a linear range covering 5?×?10^?7–1?×?10^?4 mol?·?L^?1 (with a correlation coefficient of 0.9969) and the limit detection was 3?×?10^?8 mol?·?L^?1(S/N?=?3). The recovery was between 97.1 and 102 % in edible oil samples. The electrochemical sensor method was also compared with a HPLC method, which proves its capability in commercial market surveillance.     

多壁碳纳米管修饰电极测定烟酰胺

研究多壁碳纳米管修饰电极的制备及其对烟酰胺的电催化检测。考察支持电解质种类、酸度和扫速等因素对烟酰胺响应的影响。在优化实验条件下,采用示差脉冲伏安法测定烟酰胺,其浓度在5.0×10-5～1.0×10-3mol/L范围内与其还原峰电流呈良好的线性关系,检出限为2.49×10-5mol/L。共存的多种离子、蔗糖、乙醇等不干扰测定。     

离子液体修饰玻碳电极测定金银花中的总黄酮

用1- 丁基-3- 甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐([BMIM]PF6)疏水性离子液体作修饰剂制作[BMIM]PF6- 修饰玻碳电极。在0.2mol/L 磷酸盐缓冲液(pH7.0)中,运用差示脉冲溶出伏安法(DPSV)研究木犀草素在修饰电极上的电化学行为,建立测定金银花中总黄酮含量的新方法。研究表明,该修饰电极降低了木犀草素的氧化还原峰电位,增大了其氧化还原反应的峰电流。木犀草素氧化峰电流与其浓度在1.0 × 10-10～1.6 × 10-8mol/L 范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限达到3.2 × 10-11mol/L,回收率为98.7%～103.6%。该法操作简单、快速、灵敏、准确,可用于金银花中总黄酮的测定。     

Simple Voltammetric Determination of Rhodamine B by Using the Glassy Carbon Electrode in Fruit Juice and Preserved Fruit

This paper reported an innovative simple voltammetric approach for determination of rhodamine B based on a glassy carbon electrode. Cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry were used to investigate the electrochemical behavior of rhodamine B. After optimizing the experimental conditions, the anodic peak current of rhodamine B was linear to its concentration in the range of 4.78–956.1 μg?L^?1, and the limit of detection was 2.93 μg?L^?1 in pH 4.0 buffer solution. The electrode showed good repeatability and acceptable selectivity. This method was successfully applied to the detection of rhodamine B in preserved fruit and fruit juice samples, which has shown good reliability.     

利用3-噻吩丙二酸修饰玻碳电极快速检测苏丹红

利用电化学聚合法制备3- 噻吩丙二酸(3-TPA)修饰玻碳电极。利用循环伏安法研究苏丹红在3-TPA 修饰玻碳电极上的电化学行为,得出预富集时间、pH 值、扫描速率及扫描范围因素对该修饰电极检测苏丹红的影响。在最佳条件下,利用差分脉冲伏安法得出在2.0 × 10-5～1.3 × 10-3mol/L 浓度范围内苏丹红Ⅰ响应电流与其浓度对数呈良好的线性关系,相关系数r=0.996,检测限为4.8 × 10-6mol/L。辣椒粉、辣椒酱加标回收率分别为99.9% 和99.4%,相对标准偏差(n=3)分别为0.25% 和0.21%。另外,对苏丹红Ⅰ氧化还原机理进行了初步的探讨。     

Simultaneous Electrochemical Determination of Caffeine and Vanillin by Using Poly(Alizarin Red S) Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode

Poly(alizarin red S) conducting polymer was prepared on glassy carbon electrode (GCE) surfaces, and the functionalized electrode was used for the simultaneous determination of caffeine (CAF) and vanillin (VAN). The peak potential separation for caffeine and vanillin was about 600 mV in 0.1 M acetate buffer solution (pH 4.0). The peak currents for the oxidation of both CAF and VAN are increased at poly(alizarin red S) (poly(ARS)) functionalized electrode, which makes it suitable for simultaneous detection of these compounds. The square wave voltanmmetry peak current of VAN was linear with the concentration of VAN from 0.5 to 250 μM in the presence of 250 μM CAF. The detection limit of VAN was found to be 0.06 μM in the presence of CAF. At the same time, the peak current of CAF was linear with the concentration of CAF from 10 to 450 μM with a detection limit of 0.8 μM (S/N = 3) in the presence of 30 μM VAN. The poly(ARS) functionalized GCE has good reproducibility and high stability. In addition, the proposed method was successfully applied to determine CAF and VAN in energy drink and vanilla sugar samples with good results.     

Electrochemical Determination of Phoxim in Food Samples Employing a Graphene-Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode

Employing a graphene-modified glassy carbon electrode, a sensitive and convenient electrochemical method for the determination of phoxim by linear sweep voltammetry was developed. The electrochemical behavior of phoxim at the modified electrode was studied by cyclic voltammetry. In citric acid–phosphate buffers, the modified electrode exhibited excellent electrocatalytical effect on the reduction of phoxim and this was further used for the determination of phoxim. Under optimized analytical conditions, the reduction peak current showed a linear relationship with the concentration of phoxim in a range of 5.97 to 5,966 μg L^?1, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9993 and a detection limit of 2.39 μg L^?1. The proposed method shows excellent sensitivity, selectivity, and linearity and has been successfully applied for the determination of phoxim in a variety of food samples with satisfactory results.