三种体系制备的Pt-Co/C催化剂阳极电氧化性能研究

本文主要探究在3种体系下制备Pt-Co/C催化剂,分别将这3种体系下制备的Pt-Co/C催化剂与传统的Pt/C催化剂进行性能比较。结果表明:在乙二醇体系下得到的Pt-Co/C催化剂具有更好的效果,比传统的Pt/C催化剂的电催化氧化活性要好。     

醇类燃料电池Pt-Co/C催化剂的制备及其性能研究

用不同微波加热时间方法制备了3种Pt-Co/C催化剂,发现用加热时间为加热20s停20s,反复5次;然后再加热10s停10s,反复5次的方法制备的Pt-Co/C(3)催化剂对甲醇、甲酸、乙醇的催化氧化性能最好。     

甲醇氧化电催化剂Pt、Ru和PtRu的性能研究

应用恒电位沉积法制得Pt、Ru和PtRu直接甲醇燃料电池阳极催化剂,并对三种催化剂的甲醇氧化活性和稳定性进行了考察。动电位和恒电位实验结果均表明,Ru的加入使PtRu的甲醇起始氧化电位相对于Pt催化剂负移,催化活性和稳定性得到明显的改善。     

甲醇在Pt—Ru／WO3电催化剂上的电化学氧化

通过对Ｐｔ－Ｒｕ／ＷＯ３电极的制备及其催化活性研究。在Ｐｔ／ＷＯ３电极的基础上加入钌元素,能较大地提高低温氧化甲醇的活性和稳定性,是一种有潜力的甲醇直接氧化燃料电池的阳极催化剂。     

微波法制备的Pt/C催化剂对甲醇和CO的电催化氧化

用微波间断升温法制备了3种Pt/C催化剂,运用循环伏安和线行扫描方法测试甲醇和吸附态CO在不同方法制备的Pt/C催化剂上的电催化氧化情况。发现在酸性溶液中,对于相同Pt载量的Pt(2)和Pt(3)催化剂,Pt(3)具有较小的Pt平均粒径及较高的电催化活性;对于具有较高Pt载量的Pt(1)催化剂,具有最小的平均粒径和最高的电催化活性。     

室温原位合成Pt纳米粒子/氧化石墨烯复合物及其对甲醇的高活性电催化氧化性能

利用甲酸作为还原剂,在室温条件下原位制备了不同配比的Pt/GO复合物,用电化学方法研究了催化剂对甲醇的电催化氧化性能。与相对商业提供的E-TEK(20%)催化剂相比,Pt/GO具有更高的活性和稳定性。     

Pd-TiO_2/C催化剂对甲酸的电催化氧化

用液相还原法制备Pd-TiO2/C催化剂。用循环伏安法(CV)和线性扫描法(LSV)考察了催化剂对甲酸的电催化氧化活性。通过计时电流曲线检测催化剂对甲酸的稳定性。结果表明Pd/TiO2/C催化剂中Pd粒子电化学比表面积增大,Pd-TiO2/C催化剂稳定,催化活性比Pd/C催化剂有较大幅度的提高。     

甲醇在不同方法制备的碳载Pt-TiO_2催化剂上的电催化氧化

采用TiO2溶胶法,在不同条件下制备了碳载Pt-TiO2催化剂.通过循环伏安法(CV),计时电流法(CA)对碳载Pt-TiO2催化剂在甲醇上的电氧化特性进行了研究.结果表明不同条件制备的催化剂对甲醇的电催化氧化的催化活性不同.其中加入聚乙二醇所制得的Pt-TiO2/C催化剂对甲醇的氧化具有最佳的电催化活性和稳定性.     

不同方法制备的碳载Pt-TiO_2催化剂对甲醇的电催化氧化

采用TiO2溶胶法,在不同条件下制备了碳载Pt-TiO2催化剂。运用循环伏安法、线性扫描法和计时电流法来检测甲醇在不同方法制备的碳载Pt-TiO2催化剂上的电催化氧化情况。结果发现,在酸性溶液中方法a制备的碳载Pt-TiO2催化剂对甲醇的电氧化有良好的催化活性和稳定性。     

Pd-Co/CNT复合催化剂的制备及甲醇电氧化性能

以Pd Cl₂和Co(NO₃)₂为原料，采用分步乙二醇还原法制备了多壁碳纳米管负载Pd-Co复合纳米催化剂Pd-Co/CNT。利用TEM、XRD和XPS对催化剂的结构进行了表征，考察了其甲醇电氧化性能。结果显示，Co的引入使Pd催化剂的分散性得到改善，其电化学表面积可达39.7 m²/g。循环伏安测试表明，当Pd∶Co物质的量比为1∶0.2时，Pd-Co/CNT的甲醇氧化峰电流密度约为Pd/CNT的2.7倍。计时电流结果表明，Co的添加使催化剂的活性衰减比例由Pd/CNT的63.8%降至54.2%，显示出较强的抗中毒能力。Pd-Co复合催化剂性能的改善归因于Pd与Co之间的协同相互作用。     

Characterization of different Pt/Metal/Complex catalysts as anode catalysts for the PEM fuel cell

Different Pt/Me/Pc and Pt/Me/Complex catalysts (with Me=Metal: Co, Ni, and Pc=phthalocyanine) were synthesized by an impregnation method. A commercially available platinum catalyst purchased from E-TEK. was impregnated with solutions of cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc) and nickel phthalocyanine tetrasulfonic salt (NiPc). After the reaction, part of the catalyst was heat treated at 700°C under nitrogen atmosphere. The resulting catalysts were structurally and electrochemically characterized before (Pt/Me/Pc) and after heat treatment (Pt/Me/Complex). The Pt/Me/Pc had an average particle size of about 3nm, while the average size after heat treatment increased to about 7nm. The composition of the different catalysts was about 80at platinum and 20at of the second metal (Co or Ni), and was verified with EDXS. In single fuel cell tests the best electrocatalytic activity was observed for the Pt/Ni/Complex system.     

Activity and long-term stability of PEDOT as Pt catalyst support for the DMFC anode

The feasibility of using poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) as Pt catalyst support for direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) anodes was investigated. Measurements with freshly prepared Pt-PEDOT/C electrodes showed poor activity for methanol oxidation in a half-cell and a DMFC. A substantial enhancement in that activity was evident after either electrochemical over-oxidation of PEDOT or long-time storage of the Pt-PEDOT/C gas diffusion electrode (GDE) in air. Both procedures led to a reorganization and increase in porosity of the reaction layer, which obviously contributed to better methanol accessibility to Pt catalyst active centres. The effects of electrochemical activation and long-time storage in air on the morphology and elementary composition of the Pt-PEDOT layer were investigated by means of Hg porosimetry and SEM/EDAX. It was found that the increase in porosity was due to degradation of PEDOT characterized by a significant depletion of sulphur and oxygen in the conducting polymer matrix.     

Synthesis of highly dispersed Pt/C electrocatalysts in ethylene glycol using acetate stabilizer for methanol electrooxidation

Pt/C electrocatalysts were prepared from a solution of H₂PtCl₆ in ethylene glycol in the presence of XC-72 carbon by adding a small amount of sodium acetate as stabilizer. Repeated TEM images showed that the platinum nanoparticles were small and uniform in size and highly dispersed on XC-72 carbon supports when a small amount of sodium acetate solution was added to the synthesis solution. The Pt/C electrocatalysts exhibited very high electrocatalytic activity for liquid methanol oxidation. The effects of adding acetate on Pt particle size and size distribution are discussed. It is demonstrated that acetate can be used as a good stabilizer for preparing Pt/C catalyst with fine and uniform Pt particles.     

Pt/Ti electrode preparation methods: application to the electrooxidation of isopropanol

Platinum coatings on Ti were prepared by a two-step process: partial thermal decomposition of chloroplatinic acid followed by electroreduction of the coating. Effects of preparation temperature and of cathodic polarization on the roughness factor were studied. Roughness factors greater than 570 were achieved, leading to an enhancement of the activity towards isopropanol electrooxidation in 1M H₂SO₄.     

FexOy@C负载Pt催化氯代硝基化合物加氢反应研究

以九水合硝酸铁为铁源,葡萄糖为炭源,通过水热法制备了FexOy@C复合材料。以该材料为载体,采用浸渍法制备了FexOy@C负载Pt催化剂,用于硝基化合物加氢制备相应苯胺。采用XRD和TEM对催化剂进行表征并探讨了催化剂的加入量、有机溶剂、混合溶剂体积比等因素对对氯硝基苯加氢制备对氯苯胺的影响。实验证明,该催化剂稳定性高,催化剂循环利用6次以后,其加氢活性仍可以达到100%,选择性可达99%以上。另外,该催化剂对其它硝基化合物也显示了较好的催化性能。     

Porous-microelectrode study on Pt/C catalysts for methanol electrooxidation

We have developed a porous-microelectrode (PME) to investigate the electroactivity of catalyst particles for proton exchange membrane fuel cells. The cavity at the tip of the PME was filled with Pt/C catalysts prepared by impregnation method. Cyclic voltammograms (CVs) recorded in 1 N H₂SO₄ aqueous solution revealed that the active area of the stacked catalysts exist not only at the surface but also inside of the stack. For methanol electrooxidation, 30 wt.% Pt/C exhibited the highest electroactivity, whereas the 50 wt.% Pt/C showed extremely small current. The small current is considered as a result of a small active-surface area. Methanol oxidation peak potential shifted toward cathodic direction as Pt-loading decreased, which agrees well with the Pt-oxide formation potential. The activation energy for methanol oxidation was assessed to be 44±3 kJ mol⁻¹ for all Pt/C catalysts and Pt-disc electrode.     

PtRu nanoparticles supported on nitrogen-doped multiwalled carbon nanotubes as catalyst for methanol electrooxidation

Nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (N-CNT) obtained by plasma treatment were compared to the conventional acid-treated carbon nanotubes (O-CNT) as catalyst support for platinum-ruthenium (PtRu) nanoparticles in the anodic oxidation of methanol in direct methanol fuel cells. PtRu catalysts were prepared by an impregnation-reduction method from chloride precursors with metal loadings of 20 wt.%, and were characterised by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical methods. Voltammetry and chronoamperometry studies showed that the performance of PtRu/N-CNT was significantly higher compared to PtRu/O-CNT and also to the commercial E-TEK PtRu/C catalyst, indicating that N-CNT are an interesting support material for fuel cell electrocatalyst. Nitrogen plasma treatment produced pyridinic and pyrrollic species on the CNT surface, which acts as the anchoring sites for the deposition of PtRu particles. A mechanism for the deposition of PtRu on N-CNT is tentatively proposed and discussed.     

Pt/C催化剂制备方法的选择

研究了以HCl酸洗、H_2O_2、浓H_2SO_4、HNO_3氧化处理后的活性炭为载体,用不同方法制备了Pt担载量为3%的担载型Pt/C催化剂。TEM统计结果表明,HCl酸洗、HNO_3氧化活性炭为载体,甲醛还原法制备的催化剂分散度最高,平均粒径最小为2．2nm。FT-IR结果表明,HNO_3氧化处理活性炭,活性炭表面含氧基团明显增加。