磁性纳米多孔复合支架材料的细胞相容性研究

目的研究磁性纳米多孔复合(n-HA/PLLA/Fe2O3)材料的细胞相容性,探讨细胞在材料表面黏附、增殖、表达等生物学行为,为其医学应用提供实验依据。方法将大鼠成骨细胞与磁性纳米多孔复合材料共培养,采用CCK-8法检测细胞增殖、扫描电镜观察细胞在材料上的黏附、RT-PCR检测I型胶原和骨钙素基因的表达。结果 CCK-8检测显示实验组磁性纳米多孔复合材料上细胞的增殖与空白对照组没有差异性(0.05);扫描电镜观察到细胞在磁性纳米多孔复合材料的表面和孔隙内大量黏附、增殖和生长,随着共培养时间的增加,材料表面的细胞数量明显增多;RT-PCR显示随着共培养时间的增加,I型胶原基因的表达增强(0.05),骨钙素的表达无明显差异(0.05)。结论磁性纳米多孔复合支架材料适于成骨细胞的黏附、生长和分化,具有良好的细胞相容性。     

天冬氨酸修饰纳米羟基磷灰石/聚乳酸复合物制备软骨组织工程支架及其生物性能研究

目的:通过天冬氨酸修饰的纳米羟基磷灰石（Asp-nHA）和左旋聚乳酸（PLLA）复合,制备软骨组织工程支架,并进行体外实验研究,探索其作为软骨组织工程支架的可行性。 方法:以碳二亚胺盐酸盐/N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺偶联法制备Asp-nHA,并与PLLA复合,获得新型Asp-nHA/PLLA纳米复合支架。比较成骨细胞在该新型材料表面的粘附、生长和增殖的情况。 结果:加入nHA后,Asp-nHA/PLLA复合材料可显著增强细胞的粘附、生长、增殖;Asp-nHA/PLLA的生物学性能明显优于PLLA及HA/PLLA,且Asp-nHA/PLLA具有最强的体外诱导成骨细胞分化能力。 结论:Asp-nHA/PLLA制备简单,具有良好的生物相容性和成骨活性,是一种性能良好的骨组织工程支架材料。     

胶原-纳米羟基磷灰石复合支架的细胞相容性

背景：观察成骨细胞在生物材料上的形态、增殖和分化等项目,可评估生物支架材料的生物相容性。 目的：观察复合支架材料纳米羟基磷灰石/胶原对成骨细胞增殖、分化的影响。 方法：取新生24 h内Wistar大鼠的颅盖骨,采用改良胶原酶消化法进行成骨细胞原代培养,取第3代细胞与纳米羟基磷灰石/胶原支架或普通羟基磷灰石材料体外复合培养。培养3,6,9 d后,观察材料周边的细胞形态及支架材料对细胞分化、增殖的影响。 结果与结论：纳米羟基磷灰石/胶原材料较普通的羟基磷灰石材料更有利于成骨细胞的黏附、生长、分化、增殖,证实其生物相容性更好,有望成为一种新型的骨组织工程支架材料。     

多孔碳酸钙陶瓷与干细胞源性成骨细胞的相容性

背景：国内外的研究证实普通碳酸钙陶瓷作为骨替代材料时具有细胞支架作用。 目的：观察多孔碳酸钙陶瓷与成骨细胞的相容性,及作为骨组织工程支架的可能性。 方法：SD大鼠骨髓基质干细胞经矿化诱导培养、扩增并检测证实其已具成骨细胞表型后,分别与多孔碳酸钙陶瓷支架、普通羟基磷灰石陶瓷支架体外复合培养。 结果与结论：骨髓基质干细胞经体外诱导形成成骨细胞,钙结节、Ⅰ型胶原和碱性磷酸酶免疫染色结果阳性。多孔碳酸钙陶瓷支架材料与羟基磷灰石陶瓷材料皆有细胞附着生长,但多孔碳酸钙陶瓷支架材料细胞的黏附能力、增殖活力及成骨活性均强于羟基磷灰石陶瓷材料。提示多孔碳酸钙陶瓷支架材料与SD大鼠骨髓基质干细胞源性成骨细胞有良好相容性。     

不同比例的β-TCP/PLLA复合材料的体外生物相容性研究

为了挑选最适比例的β-TCP/PLLA多孔支架材料,我们选用生物相容性好、降解性能优异的β-磷酸三钙(β-TCP)与聚乳酸(PLLA)复合,制备成不同比例的β-TCP/PLLA(β-TCP/PLLA=11,1 2,21)多孔支架材料,将其与体外培养的大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞复合,通过扫描电镜、荧光显微镜以及MTT等方法初步比较了三种不同比例的β-TCP/PLLA多孔支架材料的生物相容性,结果表明三种材料均具有一定的生物相容性,细胞生长良好.但以β-TCP/PLLA=21的材料最好,对细胞生长影响最小.     

重组骨脱细胞细外基复合Wistar大鼠成骨细胞体外培养的形态学观察

目的新型重组骨脱细胞细胞外基质(REAECM)的制备及其细胞相容性的初步检测,为骨组织工程寻找一种新型的细胞外支架提供实验依据。方法应用体外细胞培养技术,对鼠成骨细胞和REAECM体外进行联合培养1-4周,通过相差显微镜、光镜、电镜观察细胞在材料中的生长情况。结果成骨细胞可以在REAECM上发生良好的黏附、增殖,并且可以长入REAECM的孔隙内。结论REAECM可作为构建组织工程骨的一种较好的支架材料,具有网状孔隙结构;在体外和成骨细胞复合培养时表现出良好的细胞相容性,可以作为一种天然的骨组织替代材料。     

大鼠成骨细胞与壳聚糖/羟基磷灰石复合支架降解产物的生物相容性

背景：人们对壳聚糖/羟基磷灰石复合多孔生物支架在体内的降解过程并非十分清楚,而且有关其降解产物对成骨细胞的影响研究也较少。 目的：分析大鼠成骨细胞与壳聚糖/羟基磷灰石复合多孔生物支架降解产物的生物相容性。 方法：将培养的第2代大鼠成骨细胞分别在壳聚糖/羟基磷灰石复合支架降解产物浸提液和含体积分数10%胎牛血清的DMEM培养液中培养,培养第2,4,6,8,10天分别对两组细胞做MTT细胞计数,采用联合会推荐法测定细胞碱性磷酸酶活性,采用BCA蛋白定量法测定总蛋白。 结果与结论：在壳聚糖/羟基磷灰石复合多孔生物支架降解产物浸提液中培养的大鼠成骨细胞增殖速度、细胞碱性磷酸酶活性、细胞总蛋白合成及碱性磷酸酶与总蛋白的比值明显高于在体积分数为10%胎牛血清DMEM培养液中培养的细胞(P < 0.05)。表明壳聚糖/羟基磷灰石复合多孔生物支架的降解产物不仅可促进大鼠成骨细胞的黏附、生长和增殖,还可增强其骨化功能,具有较好的生物相容性。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程全文链接：     

超临界流体技术合成的复合型骨替代生物材料:体内外生物学评价

背景:在复合材料内部增加细胞黏附性较好的高分子材料或同骨组织羟基磷灰石成分相似的无机材料,可以改善材料的表面化学结构。过去的十几年,产生和发展了许多合成生物降解支架材料的新技术,虽然超临界流体技术应用在合成支架中时间尚短,但有着其他技术不可比拟的众多优点,目前越发受到学者的重视。目的:以聚乳酸和同种异体骨粉为原材料,通过超临界流体技术合成复合型骨替代生物材料,评价其生物学特性。方法:首先将同种异体皮质骨粉与聚乳酸在超临界二氧化碳作用下合成多孔复合型骨生物替代材料。将材料浸提液与成骨细胞系复合培养,体外观察细胞形态、增殖情况;通过材料浸提液皮内注射实验和材料肌袋内埋入实验,体内观察动物的致敏、组织炎症发生情况。结果与结论:体外大体观察该种复合材料形状、大小、孔隙可控,孔径适中,有较好的硬度,体外实验表明细胞相容性良好,对细胞的增殖无毒副作用;体内实验表明材料植入动物体内未发生致敏反应,组织相容性良好,但无异位成骨作用。说明制备的新型复合骨组织生物材料在细胞学和生物相容性检测上可以满足组织工程支架和骨组织替代的要求,该种合成技术及多孔生物材料有广阔发展前景。     

骨髓间充质干细胞与纳米羟基磷灰石支架材料的体外相容性研究

目的　探讨兔骨髓间充质干细胞(rBMSCs)与纳米羟基磷灰石(nano-HA)支架材料的相容性,进一步验证nano-HA材料作为骨组织工程支架材料的可行性。 方法　将rBMSCs与nano-HA支架材料在体外复合培养,通过倒置显微镜、扫描电镜观察细胞与材料的复合情况,用MTT法、碱性磷酸酶活性检测法检测材料对细胞增殖、分化的影响。 结果　rBMSCs可以在nano-HA支架材料表面及孔隙中良好的黏附、迁移、增殖和分化,复合培养5 d后nano-HA支架材料对rBMSCs的增殖分化表现出一定的促进作用。 结论　rBMSCs与nano-HA支架材料具有良好的生物相容性, nano-HA支架材料可以作为rBMSCs良好的载体。     

成骨诱导人脐带间充质干细胞与纳米羟基磷灰石/聚酰胺66支架材料的生物相容性☆

背景：纳米羟基磷灰石/聚酰胺66材料有利于成骨细胞的长入和新生骨的形成、且抗弯强度、抗压强度等各项参数与正常骨组织的力学性能相接近,能满足实验动物硬组织修复的要求。 目的：分析成骨诱导后人脐带间充质干细胞与纳米羟基磷灰石/聚酰胺66复合支架的生物相容性。 方法：体外培养人脐带间充质干细胞,纯化增殖,成骨诱导。取成骨诱导后的第3代人脐带间充质干细胞接种于纳米羟基磷灰石/聚酰胺66支架材料上,观察细胞的生长、增殖情况及材料细胞毒性。 结果与结论：成骨诱导后人脐带间充质干细胞在复合支架上生长分化良好,增殖活性不受材料影响。成骨诱导14 d内,可见碱性磷酸酶活性随着培养时间延长而逐渐增高。MTT法检测细胞无毒性。扫描电镜观察,1 d后可见细胞在支架表面附着生长;7 d后可见细胞在材料上生长良好,材料空隙有大量充填。说明纳米羟基磷灰石/聚酰胺66支架可作为骨组织工程中人脐带间充质干细胞的细胞载体,具有良好的生物相容性,能满足骨组织工程的需要。关键词：羟基磷灰石/聚酰胺66;人脐带间充质干细胞;细胞培养;骨组织工程;支架;生物相容性 缩略语注释：nHA/PA66：nano-hydroxyapatite crystals and pnolyamide 66,羟基磷灰石/聚酰胺66;hUCMSCs：human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells,人脐带间充质干细胞 doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.16.019     

Schizophrenia in a North Swedish geographical isolate, 1900–1977. Epidemiology, genetics and biochemistry

Over 200 schizophrenic patients belonging to three major and interrelated pedigree complexes have been investigated over the past 30 years in a North Swedish geographically isolated population, presently numbering about 6,000. An intensive investigation of a number of biochemical correlates and genetic markers in a few selected families belonging to one of the major pedigrees has indicated new strategies for the current research program.
Schizophrenia, as defined operationally, is significantly associated with decreased activities of two enzymes (1) blood platelet monoamine oxidase, (2) plasma dopamine-β-hydroxylase, and (3) with the genetic marker Gc² (group specific antigen). Both enzymes are subject to genetic variation. A positive score for linkage between schizophrenia and low plasma DBH activity has been calculated, but, so far, available data are insufficient for discrimination between linkage and partial contribution of genetically controlled low plasma DBH to the pathogenesis of the disease. Alternatively, both mechanisms could be involved.
As a model for continued research, schizophrenia is explained as based on a double dominant-recessive genotype (Aabb), representing a vulnerability which in about 50 % of cases develops into clinical schizophrenia. It is suggested that the dominant mutation (A) operates on or affects MAO activity, and that the recessive genotype (bb) is instrumental in low variates of DBH activity and very likely such variates within the normal range of physiological variation. Moreover, it is suggested that the combined effects of MAO- and DBH-reduced efficiency on the metabolism of e.g. dopamine could be an essential pathogenic mechanism for the schizophrenic illness which is segregating in this population.     

HLA in North Colombia Chimila Amerindians

HLA-A,-B,-C,-DRB1 and -DQB1 alleles have been studied in Chimila Amerindians from Sabana de San Angel (North Colombian Coast) by using high resolution molecular typing. A frequent extended haplotype was found:HLA-A*24:02-B*51:10-C*15:02-BRB1*04:07-DQB1*03:02 (28.7%) which has also been described in Amerinndian Mayos Mexican population (Mexico, California Gulf, Pacific Ocean). Other haplotypes had already been found in Amerindians from Mexico (Pacific and Atlantic Coast), Peru (highlands and Amazon Basin), Bolivia and North USA. A geographic pattern according to HLA allele or haplotype frequencies is lacking in Amerindians, as already known. Also, five new extended haplotypes were found in Chimila Amerindians. Their HLA-A*24:02 high frequencies characteristic is shared with aboriginal populations of Taiwan; also, HLA-C*01:02 high frequencies are found in New Zealand Maoris, New Caledonians and Kimberly Aborigines from Australia. Finally, this study may show a model of evolutionary factors acting and rising one HLA allele frequency (-A*24:02), but not in others that belong to the same or different HLA loci.     

The universal muscular chamber. A basic unit of the genitourinary, cardiovascular, gastro-intestinal, skeletal, cutaneous, respiratory and other systems, endocameral hypertension; and spasm, the key to their idiopathic diseases and arthropathies

Starting with the integument, we see many organs are contractile sacs or multiples thereof, which tubes or bags constitute the major part of the entire body. Recognition of this basic unit and its characteristics sheds new light, individually and collectively, on many disorders previously considered unrelated. Muscular tears and perforations develop in the walls of these chambers, being no way peculiar to those organs, wherein, hydrochloric acid occurs. So, it is not necessary to explain the absence of excessive acid from patients who exhibit holes in the gastric, uterine, aortic, duodenal, rectal, pulmonary, retina, and other walls. Muscle, not acid is the great common factor relating idiopathic disorders in the gastrointestinal tract to each other and to similar diseases in other systems. When the units are linked together, the lesions tend to appear as arthropathies, i.e. at the joints. Rephrasing common-place observations, frees us from conventional, conceptual cul-de-sacs. An observation is only as good as its interpretation, so all possibilities must be considered, otherwise, we will remain blinded by our misconceptions.     

Der Einfluß von Nahrungsmitteln und Rauchen auf die klinisch-chemische Diagnostik von Phäochromozytom,Neuroblastom und Karzinoid-Syndrom

Zusammenfassung Der Einfluß von verschiedenen Nahrungsmitteln auf Methoden zur Bestimmung von Adrenalin (AD), Noradrenalin (NA), Vanillinmandelsäure (VMS), Metanephrinen (MN), Homovanillinsäure (HVS) und 5-Hydroxyindolessigsäure (5-HIE) im 24 h-Harn zur Diagnose des Phäochromozytoms bzw. Karzinoid-Syndroms wurde untersucht. Die in die Untersuchung einbezogenen Nahrungsmittel waren: Tee, Kaffee, Mandeln, Ananas, Käse, Walnüsse, Vanillepudding, Bananen, Tomaten und Milchschokolade. Außerdem wurde der Einfluß des Zigarettenrauchens auf die Bestimmung von AD, NA, VMS und MN untersucht.Walnüsse führten zu einer starken Erhöhung der 5-HIE-Ausscheidung. Bananen erhöhten die Ausscheidung von AD, NA, VMS, MN und 5-HIE. Kaffee und Ananas bewirkten eine geringe Zunahme der MN-Werte. Rauchen von 20–30 Zigaretten/Tag beeinflußte keine der vier Variablen.Wenn die beschriebenen Methoden benutzt werden, sollte lediglich auf den Verzehr von Bananen und Walnüssen vor und während der Harnsammelperioden verzichtet werden, da die oberen Normgrenzen im Harn überschritten werden könnten. Ein Verzicht auf Kaffee und Ananas in normalen Mengen ist nicht erforderlich. Es besteht kein Anlaß, weiterhin die bisherigen umfangreichen Restriktionen der übrigen Nahrungsmittel beizubehalten.     

A comparative study of the effects of dimebon,obsidan, finoptin,and cordaron on the functional state of ischemic focus and size of necrotic zone in experimental myocardial infarction

Dimebon, an antihistamine agent, exerts a moderate antianginal effect, improving the function of ischemic focus in the myocardium and decreasing the necrotic zone in experimental myocardial infarction. Dimebon is less active than obsidan, finoptin (except for the size of the necrotic zone), and cordaron. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 122, No. 12, pp. 642–644, December, 1996     

Effects of sex steroid hormones on lipid peroxidation and glutathione antioxidant system in rat skin

Effects of estradiol and testosterone on the intensity of lipid peroxidation and contents of glutathione redox system components in the dermis and epidermis of rat skin were studied. Only estradiol induced considerable dose-dependent and tissue-specific biphasic antioxidant effects on the skin. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 128, No. 12, pp. 663–666, December, 1999     

Adhesion and growth of CaCo2 cells on surface-modified PEEK substrata

A series of surface-functionalized poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) films has been prepared by selective wet-chemistry; they are hydroxylated polymer (PEEK-OH) obtained by reduction, aminated polymer (PEEK-[]-NH2) prepared by coupling a diisocyanate reagent to PEEKOH (PEEK-[]-NCO) followed by hydrolysis, and carboxylated and aminocarboxylated polymers (PEEK-[]-GABA and PEEK-Lysine) resulting from the coupling of aminoacids to PEEK-[]-NCO. The aminated and carboxylated substrata promoted the adhesion and growth of CaCo2 cells in the presence of serum. Fibronectin (FN), an extra-cellular matrix protein, has been covalently fixed and/or adsorbed on various PEEK substrata, in the presence or not of a polymeric surfactant (Pluronic F68). The performances of the FN-grafted substrata (PEEK-[]-FN(1) and PEEK-[]-FN(2)) were significantly higher than those of reference substrata simply coated with FN (PEEK-OH(+FN)(1) and (2), PEEK-[]-NH2(+FN)(1) and (2)), considering the adhesion and spreading of CaCo2 cells in the absence of serum. Moreover, the stability of the adherent cells on the FN-adsorbed substrata dramatically depended on the experimental conditions applied during the PEEK coating with FN.     

THE ODYSSEY – A JUNGIAN PERSPECTIVE: INDIVIDUATION AND MEETING WITH THE ARCHETYPES OF THE COLLECTIVE UNCONSCIOUS

Homer's epic tale of the 20-year return of Odysseus from the Trojan War is investigated with particular reference to Jung's theory of individuation. Odysseus' meetings with 'the anima' in the form of goddesses, sirens and female monsters and his visit to Hades demonstrate the confrontation and humanization of aspects of the archetypal level of the psyche, central to Jung's theories of psychic growth and development. Jung's important ideas of the psychoid level and the transcendent function are explored and linked both to his investigations into medieval alchemy and with findings from contemporary neuroscience. The importance of Jung's constructive method of the interpretation of dreams and myths is shown to be central.