副气流中He流量变化对流场混合状态的影响

 在保持主气流流量和副气流中I₂的流量不变的条件下,改变副气流中He的流量,数值模拟氧碘化学激光器拉伐尔喷管内的流场混合特性。结果表明,随着副气流中He的流量的增加,副气流垂直穿透主气流的深度逐渐变大,主、副气流混合状态也逐渐变好,直至氧碘气流混合均匀。     

流量大小对混合流场特性等的影响

在主、副气流各组份的流量比不变的情况下,改变输入氧碘化学激光器(COIL)光腔总气流流量,数值模拟给出了COIL拉伐尔喷管主、副气流混合状况和各物理量的分布等,通过对这些结果进行对比分析得出输入COIL光腔总气流流量增加三倍,氧碘气流的混合状况稍稍变差,但Mach数和密度等的分布和变化规律基本不变.     

流量大小对混合流场特性等的影响

 在主、副气流各组份的流量比不变的情况下，改变输入氧碘化学激光器（COIL）光腔总气流流量，数值模拟给出了COIL拉伐尔喷管主、副气流混合状况和各物理量的分布等，通过对这些结果进行对比分析得出：输入COIL光腔总气流流量增加三倍，氧碘气流的混合状况稍稍变差，但Mach数和密度等的分布和变化规律基本不变。     

氧碘化学激光器进气参数对贯穿参数的影响

碘的贯穿参数对激光器输出功率具有较大的影响，贯穿参数决定了主副气流的混合情况，表明了氧碘的混合程度。在亚音速混合段，副气流射流射入主气流的贯穿参数为式中，     

碘喷孔位置的变化对激光性能的影响

在主、副气流流量不变的情况下,仅改变氧碘化学激光器中碘喷孔的位置,数值模拟了其混合气体流场特性和小信号增益分布等的变化.计算结果表明,碘喷孔在喷管叶片上的位置沿气流方向往下游移动,混合状况变差,光腔中小信号增益降低,输出功率减小,饱和光强沿气流方向的衰减变得平缓.     

碘喷孔位置的变化对激光性能的影响

 在主、副气流流量不变的情况下,仅改变氧碘化学激光器中碘喷孔的位置,数值模拟了其混合气体流场特性和小信号增益分布等的变化。计算结果表明,碘喷孔在喷管叶片上的位置沿气流方向往下游移动,混合状况变差,光腔中小信号增益降低,输出功率减小,饱和光强沿气流方向的衰减变得平缓。     

碘气流穿透深度和碘流量对COIL激光输出功率的影响

 通过采用Cl₂流量250mmol/s列管射流式氧发生器的COIL出光实验，得到了激光输出功率随碘副气流相对于氧主气流混合穿透深度的变化规律。实验结果表明，穿透深度对激光功率影响较大，存在最佳穿透深度，约为3.16mm,计算的最佳穿透深度与实验得到的最佳穿透深度基本一致。通过逐步改变供碘系统的碘气流流量，测量激光的输出功率，在实验上证实并找到了COIL的最佳碘流量值，约为4.5mmol/s，这一结果比以往文献所登载的最佳碘流量值要确切。     

VICON程序模拟氧碘化学激光器3维喷管流场的可行性探讨

 用VICON程序对化学氧碘激光器(COIL)喷管冷流场进行了3维模拟，得出的计算区几何较准确地反映了模拟装置的几何变化。主气流方向和副气流方向的分点数反映出了此2维平面内的气动特性，对不同流量的模拟结果对比分析得出穿透过度与穿透不够一样，致使主副气流混合不好。对带化学反应的情况进行了模拟，显现出副气流从喷孔出来后穿进主气流的马蹄形结构的变化过程，这些说明VICON程序可用来模拟研究COIL喷管流场特性。     

氮稀释气体氧碘化学激光3维喷管流动模拟

 应用改进的3维化学反应流程序，对基于RADICL装置、以氮气为稀释气体的化学氧碘激光喷管流动做了数值模拟。给出了达到合适副气流穿深的主副气流匹配条件，考虑了提高水汽流量、改变主副气流总温对增益系数的影响，比较了与以氦气为稀释气体的不同特点。结果发现：氮气作为稀释气体条件下，混合气体的流速低，静压大，在亚声速区驻留时间长，碘分子离解快，使得增益系数峰值增大，且下降快。模拟结果提示：改变喷管结构，将副气流喷孔下移，增益分布得到了改善。     

利用混合载气提高COIL化学效率

 为进一步提高氧碘化学激光器效率,提出一种不改变激光器结构,仅变换主副载气的方法。在增益区长度为11.7 cm的激光器上进行实验,以N₂, Ar和CO₂做为氧碘化学激光器的主载气或副载气,对激光器的输出功率和化学效率进行了研究。实验结果表明,平均分子质量改变对主副气流的混合是有利的,因而可以提高激光器的输出效率。当N₂为主载气,Ar为副载气时,激光器输出功率和化学效率最高,分别达到3.09 kW,30.2%。     

关于"太阳在银河系中所受引力与到银心距离r的关系"的讨论

讨论了银道面内的引力场强分布和太阳在银河系中所受引力与到银心距离r的关系，指出引力场强g并不是与r的平方成反比，这是由于银河系的大小和形状不能忽略造成的．强调了万有引力定律的适用条件．     

On the predictability of the positions of the convergence zones in the ocean

The disagreement between the experimental and calculated positions of the first convergence zone are known from many publications. The most probable cause for such a disagreement, namely, the incorrect specification of the input data for the calculations, is considered. The lack of simultaneity between the hydrological surveys of the region and the acoustic experiments is emphasized. The experimental data obtained by the author in five ocean regions are presented. These data characterize the diurnal variability of the distance from the source to the nearest boundary of the convergence zone. The relations proposed by different researchers for calculating the sound speed from the temperature, salinity, and hydrostatic pressure are analyzed. It is shown that these relations lead to a substantial difference in the estimated depth dependence of the hydrostatic gradient of the sound speed. The position of the first convergence zone is calculated for the propagation conditions determined by vertical temperature and salinity profiles with the subsequent recalculation of these profiles into sound speed profiles by using eight different formulas known from the literature. It is shown that different formulas lead to different values of the distance to the first zone; this difference is substantially greater than that between the calculations and experiment. The necessity of improving the recalculation relations in view of the experimental data on sound propagation in natural oceanic waveguides, including the data on the actual positions of the convergence zones, is emphasized.     

On the calculation of the bremsstrahlung in the region of the plasma frequency

On the basis of the classical theory of radiation produced in incomplete Coulomb interaction, a formula is derived for the coefficient of the bremsstrahlung of fully ionized plasma. In the region of rectilinear approximation a comparison is made with the results of the quantum formula derived from the Born approximation. Furthermore, the influence of dispersion upon the emission coefficient is taken into account; some relations for the region of dispersion are given.     

Dependence of the Intensity of the Spectral Lines and the Composition of the Sample and the Plasma Parameters of the Unipolar Arc

The investigation was made of the dependence of the intensity of Tl, Ga, Mo, Mg, Mn, Sn, Bi, Ni, Zn, Pt and Au spectral lines and the plasma parameters (temperature T, electron concentration n_e, degree of 6 ionnization α) from concentration of lithium additive.     

Extracting the wavefunction of the LSP at the LHC

We consider associated production of squarks and gluinos with the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP), or states nearly degenerate in mass with it. Though sub-dominant to pair production of color SU(3)-charged superpartners, these processes are directly sensitive to the wavefunction composition of the lightest neutralinos. Exploiting event-shape variables - including some introduced here for the first time - we are able to identify the composition of the LSP by selecting events involving a single high-pT jet recoiling against missing transverse energy. We illustrate the proposed technique on a set of benchmark cases and propose methods for applying these results in more realistic experimental environments.     

Set the controls for the heart of the Sun

In this paper we describe experiments conducted with high-power lasers that are attempting to replicate, for a very short time and in miniature, conditions found in the Sun. Experiments to date have reached conditions in the outer part of the Sun. To reach the Sun's centre requires compression of material to very much greater than solid density and heating to over ten million degrees. To achieve this, a new class of experiments and a new generation of high-power lasers are required.     

On the Question of the Source of the Apokamp

Technical Physics - The object of this work is the apokamp—a new type of plasma jet, which is formed from a bright offshoot emerging at the bending point of a channel of a high-voltage...