加热乙醇腹腔神经丛阻滞治疗上腹部癌痛的临床观察

目的:观察加热乙醇腹腔神经丛阻滞术对晚期癌性上腹痛患者的治疗效果。方法:22例加热组和23例常温组晚期癌性上腹痛患者,CT引导下分别于背侧入路实施经皮穿刺无水乙醇双侧腹腔神经丛阻滞术.止痛效果分为0级～Ⅲ级,分别于术后2周、1个月、2个月、3个月时观察止痛效果。结果:随访观察3个月.治疗后2周、1个月、2个月及3个月时加热组的显效率和有效率显著高于常温组,P<0.05,具有统计学差异。45例中无一例出现严重并发症。结论:加热乙醇腹腔神经丛阻滞乙醇弥散良好,可获得较常温乙醇更好的止痛效果。是一种安全、有效的方法。     

不同浓度乙醇腹腔神经丛阻滞治疗上腹部癌痛的临床观察

目的观察不同浓度乙醇腹腔神经丛阻滞术时晚期上腹部癌性疼痛患者的治疗效果。方法96例晚期上腹部癌痛患者随机分为50％乙醇组、75％乙醇组和无水乙醇组，每组32例，X线引导下分别于背侧入路实施经皮疆腔神经丛阻滞术，止痛效果被分为0～Ⅲ级，分别于术后2周、1个月、2个月及3个月时采用视觉模拟评分法（VAS）观察止痛效果。结果随访观察3个月，治疗后2周，1个月、2个月及3个月时用75％乙醇组和无水乙醇组的显效率和总有效率显著高于50％乙醇组。而75％乙醇组与无水乙醇组比较，显效率和总有效率差异无统计学差异。结论经皮腹腔神经丛75％乙醇和无水乙醇（15ml）阻滞治疗晚期上腹部癌性疼痛是一种安全、有效的方法。     

CT导引阻滞腹腔神经丛治疗顽固性癌痛的临床应用

目的 :评价 CT导引下阻滞腹腔神经丛治疗顽固性癌痛的效果 ,分析影响止痛效果的因素。方法 :5 6例腹部癌症患者 ,疼痛出现时间为 5 d～ 2个月不等 ,包括顽固性上腹痛和牵涉性背痛 ,经 CT引导下行腹腔神经丛阻滞术 ,14例行单侧阻滞 ,4 2例行双侧阻滞 ,每一侧注入无水乙醇 15 m l,止痛效果评价采用 0级～ 级。结果 :经术后 2周、1个月、2个月、3个月随访观察 ,有效总数 5 2例 ,效果明显 2 9例 ,双侧阻滞优于单侧 ,无一例出现并发症。结论 :CT导引下腹腔神经丛阻滞术治疗顽固性癌痛是一种安全有效的方法。     

CT导引阻滞腹腔神经丛治疗顽固性癌痛的临床应用

目的:评价CT导引下阻滞腹腔神经丛治疗顽固性癌痛的效果,分析影响止痛效果的因素.方法:56例腹部癌症患者,疼痛出现时间为5 d～2个月不等,包括顽固性上腹痛和牵涉性背痛,经CT引导下行腹腔神经丛阻滞术,14例行单侧阻滞,42例行双侧阻滞,每一侧注入无水乙醇15 ml,止痛效果评价采用0级～Ⅲ级.结果:经术后2周、1个月、2个月、3个月随访观察,有效总数52例,效果明显29例,双侧阻滞优于单侧,无一例出现并发症.结论:CT导引下腹腔神经丛阻滞术治疗顽固性癌痛是一种安全有效的方法.     

淋巴结消融术在腹腔神经丛阻滞止痛中的应用价值

目的:评价淋巴结消融术在腹腔神经丛阻滞止痛中的应用价值。方法:21例晚期癌症患者,均有顽固性上腹痛,腹膜后转移性淋巴结肿大成团。常用止痛方法(止痛药和放疗)疗效不佳。采用CT引导下穿刺淋巴结乙醇消融术进行腹腔神经丛阻滞止痛。治疗次数≥2次。结果:治疗后1周、2周、4周、8周、12周、16周的止痛有效率分别为100.0%、100.0%、95.2%、90.5%、90.5%、85.7%。腹膜后转移性淋巴结不同程度坏死缩小。结论:对于腹膜后转移性淋巴结包裹腹腔神经丛,穿入淋巴结内乙醇消融阻滞疗法可取得较好的止痛效果。     

经腹行腹腔神经丛阻滞治疗上腹癌性疼痛

目的：观察经腹直视下行腹腔神经丛阻滞治疗上腹癌性疼痛的临床效果。方法：总结采用经腹行腹腔神经丛阻滞治疗30例晚期上腹癌性疼痛的经验，结果：30例中术后疼痛术后疼痛完全消失24例（80％），其中消失2例（7％），无神经系统并发症，结论：经腹行腹腔神经丛阻滞手术具有直视下定位准确，疗效满意，安全程度高，并发症少等优点。     

经腹行腹腔神经丛阻滞治疗癌性疼痛（附30例报告）

目的：观察经腹直视下行腹腔神经丛阻滞治疗癌痛的临床效果。方法：总结1996年2月－2000年2月采用经腹行腹腔神经丛阻滞治疗30例晚期上腹癌性疼痛的经验。结果：本组30例中术后疼痛完全消失24例，基本消失2例，无神经系统并发症。结论：施行经腹腹腔神经丛阻滞手术，既有直视下定位准确、疗效满意，又有安全程度高，并发症少优点。     

CT引导经皮穿刺腹腔神经丛阻滞治疗胃癌晚期疼痛的疗效研究

目的 观察CT引导经皮穿刺腹腔神经丛阻滞对胃癌晚期疼痛的临床疗效.方法 选取23例晚期胃癌伴有上腹部或腰背部疼痛患者,在CT引导下经皮穿刺行腹腔神经丛无水乙醇毁损性阻滞.观察并随访术前,术后第2周,术后第1、2、4、6个月患者的疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)并评估疗效,记录随访期间吗啡摄入量.结果 23例患者术后第2周临床治愈16例,显效3例,有效3例,无效1例,且术后不同时间患者的疗效间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).术后第2周～第6个月患者的疼痛VAS及吗啡摄入量均较术前显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);且术后第2周～第6个月患者的疼痛VAS及吗啡摄入量呈逐渐增加趋势.结论 CT引导经皮穿刺腹腔神经丛阻滞可用于治疗胃癌晚期癌痛;但随着疼痛的复发,患者需要增加镇痛药物使用量.     

CT引导下腹腔神经丛阻滞治疗顽固性癌痛的临床观察

上腹部晚期肿瘤可压迫腹腔神经丛，引起顽固性上腹疼痛给患者带来极大痛苦。临床上对中晚期肿瘤顽固性疼痛没有太好的治疗办法，常应用杜冷丁等强止痛药物，长时间使用麻醉药易成瘾，往往剂量越用越大，效果越来越差。腹腔神经丛阻滞术是治疗中晚期上腹部肿瘤顽固性疼痛的有效方法。据文献报道，肿瘤引起的慢性顽固性疼痛，治疗的总有效率为77％-94％，直到死亡仍有44％-70％有效，且有效期与患者生存期一致。我们对35例顽固性癌痛患者在CT引导下穿刺腹腔神经丛乙醇阻滞治疗，取得了较好效果。报告如下：     

改良肠系膜下神经丛毁损术治疗左下腹晚期癌痛的临床观察

目的观察改良肠系膜下神经丛毁损术治疗左下腹晚期癌痛的可行性及疗效。方法左下腹部晚期癌痛患者36例,随机分为试验组及对照组,试验组18例在CT引导下经蛛网膜下腔及L3～4椎间盘穿刺以无水乙醇行肠系膜下神经丛毁损,对照组18例给予阿片类等药物止痛,两组分别于治疗前,治疗后1 d、1个月、3个月对患者行视觉模拟评分(VAS)评分、口服阿片药日用量、便秘的缓解、生活质量评分及阻滞相关并发症方面的评价。结果阻滞后治疗组患者VAS、阿片日用量和生活质量评分显著低于对照组,便秘缓解情况显著优于对照组,两组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),治疗组无明显并发症发生。结论改良系膜下神经丛毁损治疗顽固性左下腹晚期癌痛可行且安全有效。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.