高温超导在电子战和微波系统中的应用

高温超导材料的问世,给电子战和微波领域又提供了一种新技术。本文介绍了高温超导的基本情况,描述了高温超导在电子战及微波器件中的应用实例,并对未来的应用进行了展望,最后介绍了我国发展高温超导的概况,提出了超导技术的发展设想和建议。     

超导电缆的结构、优势及发展机遇

高温超导电缆以液氮为制冷剂,结构紧凑,可以以极低的损耗实现大电流输电,在资源节约、环境保护等方面有着独特的优势.本文介绍了超导电缆的结构及各部分功能,概述了我国超导电缆的发展现状,最后结合国家的产业政策,阐述了我国超导电缆的发展机遇.     

超导电子技术在国防工业中的应用需求与应用现状分析

对超导电子技术的性能优越性及它在国防工业中的应用需求进行了详细论述;分析了超导电子技术在国内外应用发展的现状及主要差距,并对超导接收机在探月工程上实现我国的首次工程应用的情况做了简要介绍.     

高温超导材料研究近况

近两年高温超导又取得了巨大的进展，特别是在：（１）新的更高温度超导体系的探索，这包括进一步提高Ｔｃ值和合成新结构、新类型的超导材料；（２）材料的应用基础研究，主要指超导块材、线材、带材、膜材料的制备和改进，包括ＳＱＵＩＤ、Ｊｏｓｅｐｈｓｏｎ结和微波无源器件；（３）对高温超导现象的解释和机理的研究方面尤为显著。本文重点介绍过去一年高温超导在材料研究方面的主要进展。     

实用化高温超导材料专利技术综述

随着高温超导材料的发展,超导技术已经实现了规模化生产及应用。本文介绍了高温超导材料的国内外发展现状,并结合实用化较多的Bi-2223、YBCO以及MgB2三种超导体的特点,从专利分析视角出发,通过检索、统计和分析国内外相关专利,梳理出了其技术发展脉络,指出了我国高温超导领域的发展优势及其不足。     

超导陶瓷及其制法

本文从三个阶段叙述超导陶瓷的发展过程。自1987年以来发现的高温超导材料,及超导陶瓷的制法。为研究超导材料工作者提供技术参考信息。     

高速集成电路中高温超导连线技术研究

本文研究了ＹＢＣＯ高温超导薄膜中原位溅射法生长优质膜的成膜技术，ＹＢＣＯ薄膜的Ｔｃｏ为９０Ｋ，Ｊｃｏ（７７Ｋ）为１０＾６Ａ／ｃｍ＾２；并建立了直流磁控溅射淀积速率的模型，还研究了微细加工形成超导薄膜导线的薄膜成形技术，在ＥＤＴＡ腐蚀法中，Ｔｃｏ仅下降１Ｋ，对超导特性影响下，本文着重研究了超导导线与高速集成电路的连续工艺，研制成功用高温超导连线的ＨＣＭＯＳ集成电路。     

Tl,Hg系高温超导薄膜制备研究

介绍了南开大学在实用Tl和Hg系高温超导薄膜方面的研究工作.在Tl系高温超导研究领域, 利用磁控溅射和后退火两步法在LaAlO3,(001)衬底上制备出高质量的TI-1212和TI-2212超导薄膜,超导临界转变温度Tc分别为92 K和106 K;在两步法的基础上,利用两次后退火,得到Tl,Bi-1223超导薄膜,超导临界转变温度Tc可以达到110 K;同时,利用阳离子置换反应技术,在Tl-1212和T1-2212超导薄膜基础上得到Hg-1212超导薄膜,利用Tl-2223超导薄膜作为先驱膜,得到Hg-1223超导薄膜,结果显示,Hg-1212和Hg-1223超导薄膜的临界转变温度Tc可分别高达124 K和132 K.为满足T1系高温超导薄膜的微波应用需求,分别在LaAlO3、蓝宝石、氧化镁(MgO)衬底上制备出2英寸双面Tl-2212超导薄膜,该超导薄膜具有均匀的超导特性,薄膜超导特性优良,为制备高温超导微波无源器件提供了基础.     

高温超导微波器件应用研究进展和建议

高温超导微波技术已经成熟,在美国、欧洲等国家核心战略系统中（例如美国的全球数据传输系统）占有重要地位,在提高通信、雷达等实际系统性能中发挥了重要作用。中科院物理所的应用研究已从核心技术攻关阶段、联机试验验证阶段,进入到用户设备使用阶段。文中对我国超导研究面临的核心技术问题以及领导、规划、项目组织、研究体制等提出了建议。     

超导量子干涉器先进军用电子装备中的基础元件

20世纪70年代初期,利用低温超导材料,人们研制出一些性能非常优异的电子学元件--超导量子干涉器和微波滤波器,但它们在相当长的时间内都停留在实验室.90年代后,超导电子学的开发成果主要是用于微弱低频磁场测量的高温超导量子干涉器,和用于传统微波技术领域中的高温超导滤波器.但是,与传统非超导技术相比,高温超导元件和技术还远没有成熟,由于制冷技术和成品率的问题,高温超导电子学系统的小型化和可靠性上仍然存在一些问题.然而,目前许多试验却证实了高温超导量子干涉器和微波无源器件不但能大幅度提高传统电子学仪器、装备和系统的性能和技术指标,还可能形成许多全新的应用.本文简单介绍了超导量子干涉器以及它在未来军用电子装备中的可能应用.     

智能通信在楼宇自控系统中的应用

随着计算机技术、控制技术、通信技术及信息技术的飞速发展,人们对生活、办公环境安全性、舒适性的要求日渐增长,智能建筑应运而生。楼宇自动化控制系统是智能建筑的一个重要组成部分。通过结合具体的智能楼宇控制工程项目,在介绍系统概况的基础上,给出了系统的总体设计方案及子系统的监控方案,具有一定的实用价值。     

Advances in millimeter-wave subsystems in Japan

The authors describe the development trends and results of millimeter-wave systems in Japan in such fields as communication, radar, and measurement systems. The applications included are the W-40G waveguide transmission communication system, an automobile traffic control system using the 60-GHz band, a collision avoidance radar system for an automobile, a plasma electron density measuring system, and satellite communication. The authors describe the development of devices such as high-power FET amplifiers, traveling wave tube amplifiers (TWTAs), IMPATT amplifiers, low-noise amplifiers, and monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) devices used in constructing the millimeter-wave systems     

Progress in electrophotography in Western Europe

A review is given of the progress in electrophotographic science and technology in Western Europe during the years 1967 to early 1971. University research work is mainly directed towards two areas: 1) the electrical and physical properties of photoconductors, such as selenium, chalcogenides, oxides, and organic materials; and 2) the sensitization of these photoconductors. Industrial research teams report on the preparation of electrophotographic layers on development and on image evaluation. A bibliography including scientific papers and patents published on this subject during said period completes this review.     

Switching conduction in ion-irradiated layers in GaAs

Experiments have been performed to investigate whether switching phenomena are observable in ion-irradiated GaAs. It is found that the V/I characteristics of H2+-and N+-irradiated layers show both negative resistance and switching from a high resistance to a low resistance state. Ion irradiation may thus be a useful method of fabricating switching devices.     

Electricity in China-generation in the People's Republic

Before the establishment of the People's Republic, China was a semi-colonial, semi-feudal society plagued by foreign interventions and internal power struggles. It was against this background that the electrical industry went through its infancy. Today, the People's Republic of China is facing an acute energy shortage, posing a problem which must be quickly overcome if the country's rapid industrialisation is to continue as planned. The author presents a brief history of power generation in China from 1949 to 1983 and examines possibilities for the future     

Telecommunications' role in national development in Ghana

Ghana has recognized the need for efficient and reliable telecommunication services. The widespread availability of these services will promote the nation's economic advancement and the decentralization of the government's activities. To achieve the objective of bringing telecommunications to all the people of Ghana, private sector participation is considered essential as a source of management skills, technology, and financing that will be required for the provision of services. In order to attract such participation, Ghana is putting in place the necessary policy, institutional, and regulatory frameworks to create an enabling environment for private sector investment in the telecommunication sector     

IT安全化安全IT化--信息安全产业发展问题与思考

信息安全在IT业中的角色演变 在当今信息时代,信息技术日新月异,信息产业已经成为拉动GDP增长的第一支柱产业,并以每年20%—30％的速度迅猛发展。其发展过程也经历了从传统IT向新型IT的转变,其中一个重要的转变因素便是信息安全。 1.传统IT与信息安全的关系。传统IT涵盖了五大类:通信、网络、计算机、软件、电子材料及元器件。这五类IT行业本身的发展一度呈现结构失衡:一方面过度投资到“信息高速公     

General Trend in Electrical Communications in Japan

Systems are currently being designed for higher reliability and greater economy. Larger transmission capacity is required to meet a rapid increase in recent communication demands instigated by the introduction of video and information communications facilities. More flexibility, to deal with the variety of communication modes to come, and smaller hardware dimensions, to overcome situations caused by the high population density, seem to be particularly sought in the communication technology of Japan. Research and development concentrate on these objectives. The following is an explanation of the present state of the art and general trends in this country.