BCHP系统的热经济孤立化证明

基于热经济孤立化原理,提出了楼宇冷热电联供(BCHP)系统优化的孤立化方法,并给出了典型BCHP链式能量系统满足热经济孤立化的证明,为此类系统的设计优化提出了一种新方法。     

基于热经济学模型的烧结余热双压锅炉操作参数优化

以最大年度化收益为目标函数,建立了烧结余热双压锅炉蒸汽参数热经济学优化模型,基于遗传算法采用MATLAB编程,对余热锅炉出口蒸汽参数进行优化得出适宜操作参数。以处理量为390万t/a的烧结矿余热竖罐式回收系统为例,其烟气温度为540℃,流量为62.5万m~3/h,得出了锅炉最大年度化收益对应的蒸汽参数为:高压蒸汽压力4.49 MPa,高压蒸汽温度450℃,低压蒸汽压力0.33 MPa,低压蒸汽温度235℃,此时的高压蒸发量为25.41 kg/s,低压蒸发量为4.05 kg/s,发电功率为21.02 MW,年度化收益为7 925.2万元。     

基于热经济学模型环冷余热锅炉蒸汽参数优化

余热锅炉参数提升是目前提高烧结余热发电指标的重要途径之一。以某年产390万t的烧结机为例,建立了以目标函数火用单价为判据的热经济学优化模型,采用遗传算法得到余热锅炉适宜的蒸汽参数。结果表明:余热锅炉年度化费用降低1.96万元/a,而蒸汽携带火用值提升1.89 GJ/h,火用单价较优化前降低了4.97%。烧结余热发电系统总发电功率11.2 MW,折合吨烧结矿发电量22.7 kW·h/t,吨烧结矿发电量提升14%。     

船舶余热动力回收系统热力学参数及余热锅炉结构参数优化

本文对船舶余热动力回收系统分别以最小初投资和锅炉最小传热面积作为目标函数,针对三种不同管形和两种不同管子排列形式的锅炉结构进行了热力学参数及锅炉结构参数优化,并且同实例进行了比较,提出了更为合理的热力学及锅炉结构参数。     

9F级联合循环余热锅炉受压部件设计特点

针对上海锅炉厂有限公司引进阿尔斯通技术设计制造的华能上海石洞口燃机电厂3×400 MW联合循环机组余热锅炉,从余热锅炉特有的热力特性角度着手,介绍了9F级HRSG受压部件的设计特点,提出HRSG锅炉的受热面模块、锅筒等主要受压部件的设计事项。对同类型的余热锅炉受压部件的设计有参考意义。     

9F级联合循环余热锅炉的设计特点及制造监检

本文针对400MW联合循环机组余热锅炉，从余热锅炉特有的设计特点角度着手，介绍9F级余热锅炉（HRSG）受压部件的制造和监检要求。     

双压再热余热锅炉蒸汽参数优化与分析

本文对联合循环系统双压再热余热锅炉的蒸汽参数进行了优化研究,计算并总结了最优化的蒸汽压力、蒸汽流量以及回收量随余热锅炉进口燃气参数的变化规律．其结果对联合循环余热锅炉的优化设计县有理论意义和实用价值．     

CFB锅炉水冷排渣余热利用的分析与优化

1前言循环流化床锅炉技术是近年来迅速发展起来的一项高效低污染清洁技术,这项技术在电站锅炉、工业锅炉以及废弃物处理利用等领域已得到广泛应用。由于流化床锅炉通常燃用高灰份燃料,因此排渣热损失较大,若能将锅炉排渣的热量进行回收利用,则可大大提高电厂运行的经济性。冷渣     

微燃机冷热电联供系统(CCHP)的建模及仿真研究

本文用matlab中simulink和人工神经网络为工具,分别建立了微燃机和烟气型溴化锂吸收式机组模型,以全年时间环境温度为变化条件,微燃机全工况下得到CCHP系统仿真结果,为以后优化运行打下基础。     

基于符号(火用)经济学的冷热电联供产品成本分摊

以南京热电厂600 MW供热机组为实例,采用热力学中的(火用)流与经济学中的成本相结合的符号(火用)经济学的理论和方法,建立冷热电三联供计算模型,得出热电厂的冷热电三联供的成本分摊.该模型在3种产品形成的过程中,考察(火用)流数值的变化,不仅考虑了3种产品的(火用)含量,还深入分析了产品在形成的过程中各自所造成的(火用)损,结合以(火用)定价,确定产品的(火用)成本,并与以热量法计算得出的成本进行比较.计算结果和分析表明,符号(火用)经济学运用于冷热电三联供系统切实可行,为3种产品的合理定价奠定了基础,有利于冷热电三联供系统的可持续发展.     

燃气轮机余热锅炉噪声综合治理

介绍了燃气轮机余热锅炉HRSG (Heat Recovery Steam Generator)噪声源的产生机理和噪声特性,提出了HRSG噪声的计算原理.结合实际工程项目,针对不同的噪声设计要求,按锅炉本体,烟囱,给水泵,排气管,炉顶平台和其他设备等不同区域,对燃机余热锅炉噪声进行综合治理,并提出了具体设计结构.大量工程...     

余热锅炉仿真建模方法的探讨

作为燃气蒸汽联合循环系统中的重要设备，余热锅炉对整个系统的性能起到决定性作用。应用仿真技术进行余热锅炉系统性能研究是一项切实可行的方法，也是进行余热锅炉设计的重要辅助手段。列举了余热锅炉结构及热力特性，系统划分、建模方法、参数选取、二次建模等，并对建模及计算方面要注意的问题进行了详细的阐述。     

Transient thermal modelling of heat recovery steam generators in combined cycle power plants

Heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) is a major component of a combined cycle power plant (CCPP). This equipment is particularly subject to severe thermal stress especially during cold start‐up period. Hence, it is important to predict the operational parameters of HRSGs such as temperature of steam, water, hot gas and tube metal of heating elements as well as pressure change in drums during transient and steady‐state operation. These parameters may be used for estimating thermal and mechanical stresses which are important in HRSG design and operation. In this paper, the results of a developed thermal model for predicting the working conditions of HRSG elements during transient and steady‐state operations are reported. The model is capable of analysing arbitrary number of pressure levels and any number of elements such as superheater, evaporator, economizer, deaerator, desuperheater, reheater, as well as duct burners. To assess the correct performance of the developed model two kinds of data verification were performed. In the first kind of data verification, the program output was compared with the measured data collected from a cold start‐up of an HRSG at Tehran CCPP. The variations of gas, water/steam and metal temperatures at various sections of HRSG, and pressure in drums were among the studied parameters. Mean differences of about 3.8% for temperature and about 9.2% for pressure were observed in this data comparison. In the second kind of data verification, the steady‐state numerical output of the model was checked with the output of the well‐known commercial software. An average difference of about 1.5% was found between the two latter groups of data. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

余热锅炉快速启动的影响因素及实现措施分析

根据余热锅炉的运行及研究现状,阐述余热锅炉快速启动的意义及余热锅炉的启动方式,分析余热锅炉快速启动的影响因素,对实现余热锅炉安全、快速启动的措施进行了论述。     

Thermoeconomic optimization of heat recovery steam generators operating parameters for combined plants

The optimization of the heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) is particularly interesting for the combined plants design in order to maximise the work obtained in the vapour cycle. A detailed optimization of the HRSG is a very difficult problem, depending on several variables. The first step is represented by the optimization of the operating parameters. These are the number of pressure levels, the pressures, the mass flow ratio, and the inlet temperatures to the HRSG sections. The operating parameters can be determined by means both of a thermodynamic and of a thermoeconomic analysis, minimising a suitable objective function by analytical or numerical mathematical methods. In the paper, thermodynamic optimization is based on the minimization of exergy losses, while the thermoeconomic optimization is based on the minimization of the total HRSG cost, after the reduction to a common monetary base of the costs of exergy losses and of installation.     

Optimal thermodynamic and economic volume of a heat recovery steam generator by constructal design

The ratios of gas flow to steam flow are huge in heat recovery steam generators (HRSGs) compared to other steam generators. So the volume which is occupied by components of the HRSG such as economizer, evaporator and superheater is important factor when the HRSG is applied in structures including buildings and ships. The optimum volume of a HRSG is deduced through optimization of entropy generation and cost evaluation. By increasing volume, second law of thermodynamics is improved, but this improvement may not be economical. In this work, the best dimensions and arrangements of flows in HRSG are obtained by constructal design and the optimization method is algorithm genetic. In this case, super heater temperature, pinch point, water/steam flow rate and gas pressure drop are derived from configuration which designed by constructal theory for HRSG. The effects of gas flow rate and inlet gas temperature are examined on the values of optimum volume.     

Influence analysis of building types and climate zones on energetic,economic and environmental performances of BCHP systems

The performance of building cooling heating and power (BCHP) system is obviously dependent upon the seasonal atmospheric conditions and the building types. This paper presents the energy flow analysis and the evaluation criteria of the redundant BCHP system and describes the optimal design method. The BCHP systems for four building categories (Hotel, Office, Hospital and School) in five climate zones (Severe Cold Zone, Cold Zone, Hot Summer and Cold Winter Zone, Mild Zone and Hot Summer and Warm Winter Zone) in China are compared and evaluated from energetic, economic and environmental aspects. The comparison results show that the BCHP system is generally suitable for the building, which operates for long time over the entire year, in the climate zone where buildings require more heat for space heating. Moreover, the influence analysis on BCHP capacity and operation strategy indicates that the capacity of power generation unit (PGU) is the most sensitive design parameter to influence the integrated performance of the BCHP system.     

内可逆四热源吸收式制冷循环的热经济性能优化

应用内可逆四热源吸收式制冷循环模型，分析吸收式制冷机受传热不可逆性影响时的热经济性能。在牛顿传热定律下，导出了循环的最佳热经济性目标和制冷系数的基本优化关系和最大热经济性目标及相应的制冷系数与比制冷率；通过数值算例，得出循环参数对循环的热经济性目标、制冷系数和比制冷率的影响关系。