Can a future choice affect a past measurement’s outcome?

An EPR experiment is studied where each particle within the entangled pair undergoes a few weak measurements (WMs) along some pre-set spin orientations, with the outcomes individually recorded. Then the particle undergoes one strong measurement along an orientation chosen at the last moment. Bell-inequality violation is expected between the two final measurements within each EPR pair. At the same time, statistical agreement is expected between these strong measurements and the earlier weak ones performed on that pair. A contradiction seemingly ensues: (i) Bell’s theorem forbids spin values to exist prior to the choice of the orientation measured; (ii) A weak measurement is not supposed to determine the outcome of a successive strong one; and indeed (iii) Almost no disentanglement is inflicted by the WMs; and yet (iv) The outcomes of weak measurements statistically agree with those of the strong ones, suggesting the existence of pre-determined values, in contradiction with (i). Although the conflict can be solved by mere mitigation of the above restrictions, the most reasonable resolution seems to be that of the Two-State-Vector Formalism (TSVF), namely, that the choice of the experimenter has been encrypted within the weak measurement’s outcomes, even before the experimenters themselves know what their choice will be.     

Birkhoffian Symplectic Scheme for a Quantum System

In this paper, a classical system of ordinary differential equations is built to describe a kind of n-dimensional quantum systems. The absorption spectrum and the density of the states for the system are defined from the points of quantum view and classical view. From the Birkhoffian form of the equations, a Birkhoffian symplectic scheme is derived for solving n-dimensional equations by using the generating function method. Besides the Birkhoffian structure- preserving, the new scheme is proven to preserve the discrete local energy conservation law of the system with zero vector f . Some numerical experiments for a 3-dimensional example show that the new scheme can simulate the general Birkhoffian system better than the implicit midpoint scheme, which is well known to be symplectic scheme for Hamiltonian system.     

Q-S (complete or anticipated) synchronization backstepping scheme in a class of discrete-time chaotic (hyperchaotic) systems: a symbolic-numeric computation approach

First, a type of Q-S (complete or anticipated) synchronization is defined in discrete-time dynamical systems. Second, based on backstepping design with a scalar controller, a systematic, concrete and automatic scheme is presented to investigate Q-S (complete or anticipated) synchronization between the discrete-time drive system and response system with strict-feedback form. Finally, the proposed scheme is used to illustrate Q-S (complete or anticipated) synchronization between the two-dimensional discrete-time Lorenz system and Fold system, as well as the three-dimensional hyperchaotic discrete-time Rossler system and generalized discrete-time Rossler system. Moreover numerical simulations are used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. Our scheme can be also extended to investigate Q-S (complete or anticipated) synchronization between other discrete-time dynamical systems with strict-feedback forms. With the aid of symbolic-numeric computation, the scheme can be performed to yield automatically the scalar controller and to verify its effectiveness in computer.     

Conservation Quantities of the Explicit Symplectic Scheme for Time-evolution of Quantum System

ＣｏｎｓｅｒｖａｔｉｏｎＱｕａｎｔｉｔｉｅｓｏｆｔｈｅＥｘｐｌｉｃｉｔＳｙｍｐｌｅｃｔｉｃＳｃｈｅｍｅｆｏｒＴｉｍｅ－ｅｖｏｌｕｔｉｏｎｏｆＱｕａｎｔｕｍＳｙｓｔｅｍＺｈｏｕＺｈｏｎｇｙｕａｎＤｉｎｇＰｅｉｚｈｕＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＡｔｏｍｉｃａｎ...     

Quantum group blind signature scheme without entanglement

In this paper we propose a quantum group blind signature scheme designed for distributed e-voting system. Our scheme combines the properties of group signature and blind signature to provide anonymity of voters in an e-voting system. The unconditional security of our scheme is ensured by quantum mechanics. Without employing entanglement, the proposed scheme is easier to be realized comparing with other quantum signature schemes.     

Q-S (lag or anticipated) synchronization backstepping scheme in a class of continuous-time hyperchaotic systems--a symbolic-numeric computation approach

First, a Q-S (lag or anticipated) synchronization of continuous-time dynamical systems is defined. Second, based on a backstepping design with one controller, a systematic, concrete, and automatic scheme is developed to investigate the Q-S (lag or anticipated) synchronization between the drive system and response system with a strict-feedback form. Two identical hyperchaotic Tamasevicius-Namajunas-Cenys(TNC) systems as well as the hyperchaotic TNC system and hyperchaotic Rossler system are chosen to illustrate the proposed scheme. Numerical simulations are used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. The scheme can also be extended to study Q-S (lag or anticipated) synchronization between other dynamical systems with strict-feedback forms. With the aid of symbolic-numeric computation, the scheme can be performed to yield automatically the scalar controller in computer.     

求解波动方程的准粒子离散修正辛算法

针对波动方程求解,在Hamilton体系下建立了对空间离散的准粒子体系,该准粒子体系实现简单,物理意义明确;在时间离散方面,构造了一种适合高效声波模拟的修正辛格式,该格式是在常规的二阶Partitioned Runge-Kutta(PRK)基础之上构造而成,其具有三阶时间精度,从理论上分析了修正辛格式的数值稳定性和频散性能.数值结果表明,本文提出的方法在计算时间,计算精度和计算存储量等各方面性能都有相应改善。      

积分梯度法的两种格式

在二维柱坐标系下Lagrange流体力学的计算中,积分梯度法是动量方程的一种有效离散方法.积分梯度法中,IGT(Integral Gradient Total)格式不能保持柱几何下一维球对称性;IGA(Integral Gradient Average)格式可以保持一维球对称性,但当相邻网格质量相差比较大时,会得到远远脱离真实物理现象的加速度.深入研究IGA和IGT格式发现,当相邻网格边界压力取为质量加权时,即使相邻网格质量相差较大,对于一维平面和一维柱问题,IGT与IGA等价;在二维情形下,可以缩小IGT和IGA之间的差异.理论证明,IGA格式不能保持系统的动量守恒,IGT格式能保持系统的动量守恒性.数值模拟结果进一步显示了这两个格式的优缺点.     

A new scheme to generalized (lag, anticipated, and complete) synchronization in chaotic and hyperchaotic systems

In this paper, a generalized (lag, anticipated, and complete) synchronization of a class of continuous-time systems is defined. A systematic, powerful and concrete scheme is developed to investigate the generalized (lag, anticipated, and complete) synchronization between the drive system and response system based on the active control idea. The hyperchaotic R?ssler system, transformed R?ssler and Chen system as well as two coupled nonidentical R?ssler oscillators are chosen to illustrate the proposed scheme. Numerical simulations are used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. The scheme can be also extended to research generalized (lag, anticipated, and complete) synchronization between other dynamical systems.     

一种新的单光源多波长双向量子密钥分发系统

针对"即插即用"双向量子密钥分发系统传输效率低的实际问题, 详细分析了系统低效的原因和当前的解决方案, 提出了一种单光源多波长双向量子密钥分发方案. 该方案采用波分复用器件作为滤波器来产生量子密钥分发所需的多波长信号. 与其他多波长方案相比, 该方案的优点是在实现高速多波长量子密钥分发时, 不再受外界控制源调制速率和精度等性能的影响, 不再带来多激光器引入的边信道攻击的缺陷, 且整体系统易于集成. 该方案为"即插即用"量子密钥分发系统的高效研究提供了一个新的参考方案.     

An Efficient Tomographic Scheme for a Single-Particle Multi-mode System

An experimental tomographic scheme to measure the density matrix of a quantum state of a single-particle multi-mode system is proposed. The scheme requires only single qudit rotations and straightforward projection measurements. The number of the projection measurements required to complete the experiment scales linearly with the dimension of the system. The proposed scheme can be used to determine the purity of the state and to estimate the degree of entanglement between the system being measured and its surroundings.     

A high-fidelity memory scheme for quantum data buses

A novel quantum memory scheme is proposed for quantum data buses in scalable quantum computers by using adjustable interaction. Our investigation focuses on a hybrid quantum system including coupled flux qubits and a nitrogen–vacancy center ensemble. In our scheme, the transmission and storage(retrieval) of quantum state are performed in two separated steps, which can be controlled by adjusting the coupling strength between the computing unit and the quantum memory. The scheme can be used not only to reduce the time of quantum state transmission, but also to increase the robustness of the system with respect to detuning caused by magnetic noises. In comparison with the previous memory scheme, about 80% of the transmission time is saved. Moreover, it is exemplified that in our scheme the fidelity could achieve 0.99 even when there exists detuning, while the one in the previous scheme is 0.75.     

无滤波高倍频光载毫米波生成技术

提出了一种无滤波的高倍频光载毫米波生成方案.该方案未使用相关的光/电滤波器就可16倍频的毫米波信号.整个系统采用三平行的马赫-曾德尔调制器结构和单个马赫-曾德尔调制器级联,通过调整系统的参数可以很好地抑制所有冗余光边带,只留下高质量的8阶光边带,无需任何光/电滤波器就能够得到16倍频的高质量毫米波信号.另外,详细分析了系统的工作原理,并通过仿真验证了调制深度、消光比、移相器偏移以及调制器偏压对系统的影响.研究结果表明将2 Gbit/s的非归零码型数据与10 GHz的射频信号混频后作为马赫-曾德尔调制器的驱动信号,系统经过50 km光纤传输后的链路功率代价为1.0 dB,具有良好的传输性能.该方案对于无滤波的高倍频毫米波生成有一定的参考价值.     

1H/31P双核并行磁共振成像线圈的研究与设计

本文通过对鸟笼线圈原理和阵列线圈去耦原理的分析,提出了一种适用于自主研发的多核并行磁共振成像（MRI）系统的双核并行成像线圈设计方案,并在电感去耦的基础上提出LC并联trap去耦法,提高了去耦方法的可适性．依据设计方案制作了¹H/³¹P双核并行成像线圈,并将其应用于4.7 T磁体系统,利用自主研发的多核并行MRI系统进行了并行成像实验测试,成功获得了¹H和³¹P的并行磁共振图像,验证了设计方案的可行性．     

Bidirectional Partial Generalized Synchronization in Chaotic and Hyperchaotic Systems via a New Scheme

In this paper, a bidirectional partial generalized (lag, complete, and anticipated) synchronization of a class of continuous-time systems is defined. Then based on the active control idea, a new systematic and concrete scheme is developed to achieve bidirectional partial generalized (lag, complete, and anticipated) synchronization between two chaotic systems or between chaotic and hyperchaotic systems. With the help of symbolic-numerical computation, we choose the modified Chua system, Lorenz system, and the hyperchaotic Tamasevicius-Namajunas-Cenys system to illustrate the proposed scheme. Numerical simulations are used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. It is interesting that partial chaos synchronization not only can take place between two chaotic systems, but also can take place between chaotic and hyperchaotic systems. The proposed scheme can also be extended to research bidirectional partial generalized (lag, complete, and anticipated) synchronization between other dynamical systems.     

一种新的基于空间图案信号的多进制无线光通信技术

提出了一种新的多进制无线光通信技术,其基本原理是用一组相互易区分的空间图案代替传统无线通信中的会聚光斑传递信息.分析了该通信方案的信道容量,结果表明无线光通信系统存在未被利用的空间自由度,其大小与系统收发孔径和光波波长有关,与光场空间分布无关.通过合理设置系统的结构参数和设计信号图案,可以利用无线光通信系统的空间自由度增加信道容量.提出了一种实现该技术的光电系统方案,其关键组成部分为空间光调制器和图象相关器.详细描述了信号处理过程,具体包括二维相关处理、比较判决和进制转换三部分.分析了该方案的误码性能,得到了平均误码率的估算公式,分析得到了可降低误码率的信号设计基本规则.最后用一个透镜阵列处理器通过实验验证了该通信方案.     

运行双协议相位调制的量子密钥分发系统

基于差分编码方式提出一种改进方案.在Alice端用光纤马赫-曾德干涉仪产生双脉冲差分信号；在Bob端，用双法拉第反射式麦克尔逊干涉仪代替光纤马赫-曾德干涉仪，这种干涉仪能自动补偿环境引起的偏振抖动和光纤双折射引起的相位漂移，从而提高系统稳定性.双协议(即双脉冲差分协议联合BB84协议)的使用，增强了系统的安全性.该系统具有高效、安全、简洁、稳定等优点，在实验上实现了长期稳定的密钥分发和量子保密通信，误码率<5%，传输距离达80km.     

A NEW SLIDING MODE CONTROL FOR A CLASS OF UNCERTAIN TIME-DELAY CHAOTIC SYSTEMS

We propose a new sliding mode control scheme for a class of uncertain time-delay chaotic systems. It is shown that a linear time invariant system with the desired system dynamics is used as a reference model for the output of a time-delay chaotic system to track. A sliding mode controller is then designed to drive the output of the time-delay chaotic system to track the desired linear system. On the sliding mode, the output of the controlled time-delay chaotic system can behave like the desired linear system. A simulation example is given in support of the proposed control scheme.     

制备囚禁离子的簇态

提出一个方案用于制备囚禁离子的簇态,制备过程中振动模仅仅是被虚激发。方案用双能级离子制备簇态,只要一束激光照射两个相互作用的离子。方案简单易行,成功几率可达到100.     

求解耦合Schr(o)dinger方程组的数值逼近算法

对耦合Schr(o)dinger方程组提出一个非耦合的线性化差分格式并对其进行分析.证明格式保持原方程组的守恒律,在先验估计的基础上证明格式依L2模的绝对稳定性和无条件二阶收敛性.对孤波碰撞的各种现象进行模拟.