社会资本、吸收能力对创新绩效影响的实证研究

以企业知识理论为基础,从吸收能力这一视角出发,剖析企业外部社会资本和内部社会资本与企业创新绩效之间的关系;依据经典文献,对外部社会互动、基于认知的信任、共同语言、内部社会互动、基于情感的信任和共同愿景与知识识别、知识获取、知识共享和知识应用的关系进行重新梳理,并对知识应用与企业创新绩效的关系进行阐述;构建概念模型,并采用469个样本进行实证。研究结果表明,基于认知的信任、共同语言促进知识识别,外部社会互动、共同语言促进知识获取,内部社会互动抑制知识共享,基于情感的信任、共同愿景促进知识共享,基于情感的信任促进知识应用,知识识别促进知识获取,知识获取促进知识共享和知识应用,知识共享促进知识应用,知识应用促进企业创新绩效。从整体上看,吸收能力在企业社会资本对企业创新绩效的影响中起中介作用。     

本土企业学习效应影响因素的实证研究

从本土企业的视角,提出了一个跨国公司网络内本土企业学习有效性的研究模型,并对模型中决定本土企业学习效应的2个关键因素,即本土企业的社会资本和吸收能力进行了实证检验,考察了本土企业的知识接近能力以及相对吸收能力在此影响过程中的中介作用.结果表明,整体模型达到基本适配标准;本土企业的社会资本和吸收能力对其学习效应均没有显著的直接影响;知识接近能力在组织间信任和学习效应之间扮演了中介角色;相对吸收能力则无论对学习效应的直接影响还是作为吸收能力的中介作用都是显著的.     

知识分布、衰减程度与产业集群创新模式的内在机制研究

以知识流动为研究视角,将集群创新过程中的知识溢出、吸收能力内生化,构建包含三种创新模式下的产业集群演化模型,重点分析集群知识分布和知识衰减程度与集群创新模式的内在机制及其对创新产出的影响,并进行仿真实验。研究表明：不同知识分布下,混合创新模式的创新产出表现最好,外部吸收创新模式与内部自主创新模式呈现出不同的创新产出演化路径;在外部吸收创新和混合创新模式下,均匀分布型产业集群的创新产出表现最好,集中分布型表现次之,异质分布型表现最差,而在内部自主创新模式下,集中分布型则表现最好;不同创新模式对知识衰减的敏感程度呈现阶段性差异特征。这些结论对产业集群创新和可持续发展具有很好的理论和实践指导意义。     

内部社会资本对知识能量与组织创新的影响——华南地区企业的实证研究

以华南地区的145家企业为对象,对企业内部社会资本、知识能量、组织创新与组织绩效之间的相互关系进行了实证研究。证实了内部社会资本对组织知识能量的蕴蓄有正向的影响;内部社会资本对组织创新有正向的影响;知识能量影响组织创新并进而影响组织的绩效;组织创新可分为管理创新和技术创新,技术创新对管理创新有显著的正向影响;技术创新和管理创新都对组织绩效有直接影响的正向。     

企业协同创新网络特征与创新绩效:基于知识吸收能力的中介效应研究

本文基于长三角地区379家电子信息企业的问卷调查数据,运用多元回归探讨了知识吸收能力对企业协同创新网络特征与创新绩效的中介效应.研究结果表明:(1)知识吸收能力与企业创新绩效之间呈正相关关系;(2)协同创新网络特征的三个维度(网络规模、网络同质性、网络强度)均与企业创新绩效之间呈正相关关系;(3)知识吸收能力在协同创新网络特征与企业创新绩效之间存在着部分中介效应.     

企业知识吸收能力与绩效的关系研究

在资源基础理论的基础上,通过对我国不同行业近200家企业的问卷调研,运用实证分析剖析企业知识吸收能力,揭示了知识转化和创新能力与绩效之间的关系,认为在探讨企业的知识吸收能力上,应该重视企业内部支持与外部支持的影响作用,并阐明在知识吸收能力中,知识转化能力会在很大程度上影响企业的绩效水平,而其知识创新能力的影响不明显。     

组织冗余的利用对中国企业创新产出的影响

从冗余的控制权的角度将企业已吸收的冗余划分为分散冗余和组合冗余,分析了这两种冗余的利用对企业创新的影响,构建了一个包含冗余、吸收能力与创新之间关系的结构方程模型,并运用在607家企业进行的问卷调查所获取的数据实证检验了这个模型。结果显示,分散冗余和组合冗余分别与产品创新和过程创新存在显著的正相关关系,不同的冗余与不同的吸收能力之间存在一定的匹配关系,这种关系能够导致不同的创新产出。结果表明,中国企业的冗余与西方企业的冗余一样,都能够促进企业的创新产出,因此,广泛采用一刀切式的“减员”手段未必是中国企业“增效”的最有效率的策略。     

创新网络嵌入视角下企业研发竞争的博弈研究

研发投入是创新发展的基础和源泉,如何促进企业研发投入是实施创新驱动战略的关键。本文基于创新网络嵌入的背景,构建同一创新网络内两个企业间的博弈模型,针对不同网络位置企业竞争博弈和相同网络位置企业竞争博弈两种情形,探究在研发竞争状态下企业研发投入受网络地位、网络关系的影响情况。研究结果表明:创新网络嵌入下,同质企业的竞争性研发投入与网络范围的技术溢出、网络平均吸收能力以及网络中心度均存在正向相关关系。研究结论丰富了企业研发投入影响因素的研究成果,也为有效激励企业创新提供一个有价值的思路。     

浅谈外部网络对企业创新的影响

在经济全球化和知识经济时代,企业己日益嵌入一个巨大的社会网络,企业在基于自身内在特质的基础上,更多的需要通过竞合,以吸收能力为桥梁和纽带,通过利用外部的网络资源以提高企业创新绩效。本文针对外部网络对企业创新的影响进行阐述和探讨。     

基于知识溢出和吸收能力的知识联盟动态模型

本文在分析了吸收能力与研发投入关系的基础上,构建了一个基于知识溢出和吸收能力的知识联盟R&D两阶段非合作动态博弈模型,提出了纳什均衡存在的条件和唯一性的条件,探讨了知识联盟过程中吸收能力对研发活动的重要作用。     

研发溢出、区域创新集群的空间计量经济分析

利用空间自相关 Moran 指数与集群分析的空间计量经济学空间误差模型和空间滞后模型,对2000—2002年中国大陆31个省域的创新集群及其影响因素进行了空间计量经济分析.结果发现:我国省域创新在空间分布上存在异质性和依赖性,表现为比较明显的区域创新集群现象,形成这种创新集群的原因主要归因于企业的研究与开发贡献,大学的学术研究还没有表现出明显的知识溢出,同时大学与企业研发的结合也没有对区域创新集群产生明显贡献.     

An analysis of vendor innovation capability in the contract electronics manufacturing industry

Limited academic research has been given to analysing the innovation capabilities of vendors in outsourcing contracts. This paper seeks to address this gap in the literature by enhancing our understanding of how the innovation capability of vendors is deployed to win, run and renew outsourcing contracts with their customers. Employing the resource-based view as a theoretical basis and undertaking in-depth case study analysis of three vendors in the electronic manufacturing services industry, the research shows that to achieve the outsourcing objectives of winning, running and renewing the contract, vendors can use different configurations of the competitive priorities of cost, quality, delivery and flexibility. The research aggregates the capabilities that influence the innovative capability of a vendor into the innovation-related capabilities (IRCs) of design, new product introduction and manufacturing. Three strategies are identified for vendors on how to deploy these IRCs, and a number of propositions are developed to indicate the suitability of the three deployment strategies for different operational contexts.     

Information systems,inter-functional collaboration and innovation in Taiwanese high-tech manufacturing firms

This article investigates whether (1) cross-functional integration within a firm and the use of information systems (IS) that support information sharing with external parties can enhance integration across the supply chain and wider networks and (2) whether collaboration with customers, suppliers and other external parties leads to increased supply chain performance in terms of new product development and introduction of new processes. Data from a high-quality survey carried out in Taiwan in 2009 were used, and appropriate econometric models were applied. Results show that the adoption of IS that enhance information sharing is vital not only for the effective communication with suppliers and with wider network members, but their adoption also has a direct effect across a firm's innovative effort. Cross-functional integration appears to matter only for the introduction of an innovative process. Collaboration with customers and suppliers affected a product's design and its overall features and functionality, respectively.     

Manufacturing innovation in the West Midlands materials forming industry

This paper summarises the results of a series of case studies in manufacturing innovation in the West Midlands. Concentrating on the materials forming industry, the paper considers the complex of factors and activities surrounding an innovation: the identification of a weakness; the generation of a solution; the implementation of change; and strategies of introduction. All of these aspects are interdependent, and it is suggested that it is only through adopting a broad perspective on the process of innovation that change can be satisfactorily explained.     

Technical innovation and international competitiveness in the television industry

The television industry has undergone significant changes in competitive structure internationally. In the past the industry was characterised by rapid growth as first black and white and then colour television diffused throughout developed countries. More recently, recessions and market saturation have constrained growth and competition has grown more intense. Competition has intensified further with the introduction of new television-based products, such as video recorders, dises and home information systems. All the major Japanese consumer electronics firms have invested in the US and Europe in both component manufacture and set assembly. This has threatened the established US and European manufacturers. Innovation has played a major role in international competitiveness. Innovation in products and manufacturing processes has changed the nature of competition in the industry. Japanese firms have been the most successful innovators. By applying advanced automation in assembly, testing and handling to large production volumes, the Japanese have achieved dramatically superior performance in terms both of productivity and of quality. European and US firms have only responded to the challenge belatedly.     

中小企业协同创新网络与创新绩效的实证研究

基于188家中小型制造业企业的问卷调查数据,运用结构方程模型探讨不同的协同创新网络和企业创新绩效的关系.研究结果表明:"企业-企业"、"企业-中介"和"企业-研究组织"等协同创新网络对企业创新绩效有着显着的正向效应,而"企业-政府"协同创新网络对企业创新绩效没有直接效应,但却存在显着的间接效应.研究证实,不同的协同创新网络对企业创新绩效的影响程度存在显着差异,其中 "企业-企业"协同创新网络对提升企业创新绩效的效应最为显著.研究还表明,垂直和水平的协同创新网络对企业创新绩效的作用程度不同,同顾客、供应企业的垂直协同相比水平协同对企业创新绩效的推动作用更为显著.     

The innovation dynamics and technology cycles in the computer industry

This paper presents certain novel composite measures of technology. There are several important uses of the proposed measures in R & D management: to gauge the rate of innovation within any given field, to determine the relative contribution of chosen variables to technical progress, to isolate critical factors in the innovative activity, and to predict whether a technology is ahead or behind its time. This is illustrated here by means of a case study of technical progress in the computer industry. The theoretical framework of the case study is based on the earlier works of the author pointing to the existence of what may be called technology cycles that transcend both product life cycle and organization product cycle and have the same significance to innovative activity as have business cycles to economic activity. The results of our investigation reveal a ‘butterfly pattern’ of interaction between product and process innovations: The loss in the relevance of process innovations is almost exactly compensated by the gain in the relevance of product innovations to technical progress over the course of time. The results also indicate that although the pace of technical progress in the computer industry has been exceptionally rapid in the past, it shows signs of slowing down in the future. The policy implications of these findings are discussed.     

区域技术创新能力形成机理探析

区域技术创新能力作为区域创新系统的一个研究内容,是区域技术创新系统功能发挥程度的反映.在已有研究文献的基础上,文章界定了区域技术创新能力的形成机理,在分析区域技术创新能力的内涵及系统结构的基础上,建立了区域技术创新能力形成的条件及形成机理模型,并寻找具体的指标反映其相应的系统结构要素,通过模糊数学方法进行实证分析.结果显示,界定的结构要素和机理模型可以解释目前中国区域技术创新能力的状况.     

Measuring business performance in the high-tech manufacturing industry: A case study of Taiwan's large-sized TFT-LCD panel companies

The nature of competition in the high-technology manufacturing industry has changed dramatically over the last two decades, and any of the traditional indicators of business performance are insufficient today. We have identified a new set of financial and non-financial performance indicators that can be used by high-tech manufacturing companies and have developed a business performance evaluation model. A data envelopment analysis (DEA), an analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and a fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making approach are used in the model. Data from large-sized thin-film transistor liquid-crystal display panel companies in Taiwan were collected via a field survey and from various published databases and were fed into the model to determine the relative business performance of the companies. We hope that our findings will help high-tech manufacturing executives determine their companies’ strengths and weaknesses and lead to future improvements in business operations.