聚合引发剂有机过氧化物

有机过氧化物可用作聚合引发剂。本文介绍了有机过氧化物的特性、在聚合中的引发作用、品种的选择,以及对聚合物性能的影响。     

双光子光聚合技术及其研究进展

本对双光子光聚合技术进行了比较全面系统的综述，主要介绍了双光子光聚合的基本原理，国内外双光子光聚合光敏引发体系和具有大的双光子吸收截面有机分子的研究现状以及双光子光聚合技术的潜在应用领域．     

有机过氧化物光引发剂体系的新发展

综述了有机过氧化物光引发剂的发展概况；介绍了有机过氧化物光引发剂和增感剂的主要结构类型、光谱吸收特性以及它们的光解与光谱增感机理。     

含咔唑基的双光子引发剂光聚合制备微器件

设计并合成了一种带咔唑基的二苯乙烯类双光子引发剂4,4′-双(9-咔唑基-反式-苯乙烯基)联苯(BCSBP),对其单光子和双光子光谱性质进行了研究。在800nm的飞秒激光光源作用下,BCSBP的双光子吸收截面高达483GM。利用BCSBP作为双光子引发剂诱导多官能度单体季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯进行光聚合,得到了亚微米级空间分辨率的聚合物线条,并制备了三维聚合物微器件。     

稠环化合物敏化硫鎓盐引发阳离子光聚合的研究

合成了三芳基硫鎓六氟磷酸盐光引发剂。研究了不同稠环化合物对硫鎓盐引发阳离子光聚合速度的影响，用光致电子转移(光氧化还原)理论解释了这些稠环化合物的光敏机理。     

PVC树脂聚合用有机过氧化物引发剂

介绍了目前国内外引发剂的使用及开发方向,并对引发剂的选择及其对树脂质量的影响进行了讨论。     

水溶性光引发剂二苯甲酮氯化铵引发三丙二醇双丙烯酸酯光聚合动力学的研究

以4-羟基二苯甲酮、环氧氯丙烷和三甲胺盐酸盐为原料,通过2步反应,合成了一种水溶性光引发剂——氯化[2-羟基-3-(4-苯甲酰基苯氧基)-N,N,N-三甲基-1-丙铵](HBPCl)。其结构通过核磁共振氢谱(1H-NMR)和傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)得到了证实。研究了水溶性光引发剂HBPCl的紫外吸收和降解特性,并通过实时红外(RT-IR)研究了氢助剂含量、HBPCl浓度和光强对HBPCl引发的TPGDA光聚合动力学的影响。结果表明,HBPCl在285 nm处有最大紫外吸收峰,能够有效地引发单体聚合;另外,随着氢助剂含量、引发剂浓度和光强的增大,光聚合速率和单体最终转化率随之增大,诱导期被缩短。     

一种新型的复合型光引发剂的制备及其光聚合性质

利用4-羟基二苯甲酮（ HBP）,丙烯酰氯和吗啡啉为原料,合成了一种新型的复合型光引发剂（ BPMDO）,通过核磁共振氢谱和红外光谱来表征其结构。用实时红外光谱（ RT-IR）技术研究了光引发剂的浓度、不同单体对光聚合动力学的影响。结果表明, BPMDO是一种有效的光引发剂,随着引发剂浓度增大,单体转化率、引发速率增大,诱导期缩短。     

微量活性引发剂促进惰性引发剂引发环氧乙烷的开环聚合速率研究

研究了利用微量更活泼的阴离子引发剂促进具引发惰性的磺胺嘧啶钠引发环氧乙烷开环聚合的反应速度，作了系列比较，并讨论了其影响速率的机制。     

Phenacylpyridinium Oxalate as a Novel Water-Soluble Photoinitiator for Free Radical Polymerization

Summary Phenacylpyridinium oxalate (PPOx) was synthesized by counter anion exchange reaction of phenacylpyridinium bromide (PPBr) with potassium oxalate. Radicals formed from the photolysis of PPOx in aqueous solutions were capable of initiating polymerization of hydrophilic monomers such as acrylamide (AAm), 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and N-vinyl pyrrolidone (NVP). Direct decomposition of excited phenacylpyridinium ion as well as electron transfer and cleavage reactions involving both pyridinium and oxalate ions were proposed for the initiation step.     

Laser Direct Writing via Two-Photon Polymerization of 3D Hierarchical Structures with Cells-Antiadhesive Properties

We report the design and fabrication by laser direct writing via two photons polymerization of innovative hierarchical structures with cell-repellency capability. The structures were designed in the shape of “mushrooms”, consisting of an underside (mushroom’s leg) acting as a support structure and a top side (mushroom’s hat) decorated with micro- and nanostructures. A ripple-like pattern was created on top of the mushrooms, over length scales ranging from several µm (microstructured mushroom-like pillars, MMP) to tens of nm (nanostructured mushroom-like pillars, NMP). The MMP and NMP structures were hydrophobic, with contact angles of (127 ± 2)° and (128 ± 4)°, respectively, whereas flat polymer surfaces were hydrophilic, with a contact angle of (43 ± 1)°. The cell attachment on NMP structures was reduced by 55% as compared to the controls, whereas for the MMP, a reduction of only 21% was observed. Moreover, the MMP structures preserved the native spindle-like with phyllopodia cellular shape, whereas the cells from NMP structures showed a round shape and absence of phyllopodia. Overall, the NMP structures were more effective in impeding the cellular attachment and affected the cell shape to a greater extent than the MMP structures. The influence of the wettability on cell adhesion and shape was less important, the cellular behavior being mainly governed by structures’ topography.     

Synthesis and Thermal Properties of Polycarbonates Based on Bisphenol A by Single-phase Organic Solvent Polymerization

Linear alternating polycarbonates optionally containing bisphenol A were prepared from the reaction of linear aliphatic, substituted aliphatic, cyclic aliphatic and aromatic dihydroxy compounds with bisphenol A bischloroformate at 0–5 °C using a single organic phase as a reaction medium (e.g., Chloroform or tetrahydrofuran). Twelve aromatic–aromatic and aromatic–aliphatic polycarbonate polymers were prepared utilizing this procedure. The effect of the experimental conditions on the polymerization was studied and discussed. The polymers obtained were characterized by IR spectra, ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectra, inherent viscosity, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analyses.     

季铵盐有机高分子絮凝剂的分散聚合及应用研究

介绍合成季铵盐有机高分子絮凝剂的一种新方法——分散聚合,并对用该法合成的阳离子絮凝剂在污水处理、污泥脱水、造纸中的应用作了进一步的研究。     

有机累托石的合成及其复合材料的性能

以具有层状硅酸盐结构的粘土累托石（REC）为主体，以不同碳链长度的烷基季铵盐（QAS1，QAS2）及联苯二胺（BZD）为改性剂合成了有机累托石（OREC），采用红外光谱表征了REC及不同OREC的化学结构，采用X－射线衍射方法研究了REC处理产后层间距的变化，结果表明，BZD可以使REC层间距增加到最大，脂肪族季铵亍中，碳链越长，得到的OREC的层间距越大，采用熔融共混法制备了粘土／聚合物复合材料，初步研究了复合材料的力学性能及热性能。结果表明，有机粘土改性后的聚合物力学性能有大幅度提高，OREC及其复合材料的热分解温度较高。     

Onium Salts of Amino Acids as Co‐Initiators in Photoinduced Free‐Radical Polymerization

Summary: The onium salts of selected aliphatic and aromatic amino acids were investigated as electron donors in photoinduced free radical polymerization, in conjunction with either DIBF or BP as sensitizer. The laser flash photolysis experiments unmistakably documented that the free radical formation occurs via an electron transfer reaction from the amino acid salt to the chromophore triplet state. The kinetic studies clearly showed that either the DIBF or BP onium salts of selected aliphatic and aromatic sulfur‐containing amino acids exhibit a significant increase in the efficiency of free‐radical polymerization of TMPTA as compared to non‐sulfur‐containing co‐initiators and that the efficiency of all tested electron donors is only slightly dependent on the cation type coupled with co‐initiators tested.

Possible mechanism for the free radical photoinitiated polymerization.     

Two Organic Phase Suspension Polymerization for Novel Hypercrosslinked Resin Bead by Polycondensation of CMB

The suspension polymerization with two organic phases was adopted to prepare spherical hyper- crosslinked resin by self-polycondensation of 4,4＇-bis-（chloromethyl）- 1, 1＇-biphenyl （CMB）. The chemical structure,morphology and pore characteristics of the novel spherical resin were characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR）, micrograph and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller （BET）. It is found that the suspension system and stirring speed impose a great influence upon the regularity and size distribution of hypercrosslinked beads. To prepare CMB resin beads with diameter of about 300 μm, the optimal condition is as follows： stirring speed 300 r·min^-1, and the volume ratio of the two organic phases （nitrobenzene/dimethyl silicon oil） 1 ： 5. After the self-polycondensation and sqccedent post-crosslinking of CMB monomer, the spherical adsorbent presents high spec~al surface area （1190 m^2· g^-1） and abundant pore~volume （0.714 cm^3· g^-1）, and could be potentially applied qn the adsorption of various organic molecules and synthesis of porous ion exchanger.     

有机合成中二芳基碘（Ⅲ）盐的应用

综述了二芳基碘（Ⅲ）盐在金属催化的交叉偶联反应、羰基化合物的a-芳基化、炔烃的芳基化、杂原子亲核化合物的芳基化等反应中的应用。     

双胍基均四嗪硝基酚高氮盐的合成、热分解和感度

双胍基均四嗪(DGTz)分别与三硝基苯酚(PA)、三硝基间苯二酚(TNR)和三硝基均苯三酚(TNPG)反应,制备出相应的3,6-双胍基-1,2,4,5-四嗪三硝基苯酚盐、3,6-双胍基-1,2,4,5-四嗪三硝基间苯二酚盐和3,6-双胍基-1,2,4,5-四嗪三硝基均苯三酚盐;用DSC和TG-DTG对其热分解机理进行了...