Fabrication and evaluation of LED-embedded ribbons for highly flexible lighting applications in rooms

We have developed very flexible and lightweight LED-embedded ribbons in which LED-mounted printed circuit board (PCB) pieces are mounted and soldered to ribbons with the copper wires of power lines to apply them to the complicated three dimensional shapes of ceilings, walls, and furniture in rooms and provide higher levels of safety during earthquakes. Since it has been difficult to integrate LEDs in flexible ribbons and not only mount them on flat substrates but on bendable ribbons, we developed a new structure for LED-embedded ribbons and their fabrication process using a reel to reel mounting machine. A 2-cm wide ribbon with copper power lines on both sides was first constructed for the fabrication process of LED-mounted ribbons and then 5 × 20 mm LED mounted PCB pieces were mounted and soldered to the power lines of the ribbon. The ribbon was pulled under an optimal tension of 3.16 N to flatten the ribbon in the mounting process and the PCB pieces were pushed onto the ribbon with a rib height of 5 mm to strongly connect the pieces to the ribbon. The LED-embedded ribbon we constructed was 1.2 m long and very lightweight because it only weighed 7 g/m. The fabricated device had enough luminance of 96 lx for home and office lighting and could be installed on complicated surfaces such as adhering it to ceilings and the edges between ceilings and walls because our LED ribbon could be bent to a diameter of 5 mm. Our LED-embedded ribbon structure and assembly tool should provide new types of highly bendable and light-weight lighting for complicated three dimensional surfaces and safety during earthquakes.     

Meter-scale large-area capacitive pressure sensors with fabric with stripe electrodes of conductive polymer-coated fibers

We developed meter-scale large-area capacitive fabric pressure sensors for floor sensors to monitor human position. In the fabric pressure sensor, two fabrics with stripe electrodes of conductive polymer-coated fibers woven into them were stacked vertically, and the capacitance changes between the top and bottom stripe electrodes were measured when pressure was applied. By using the die-coating of a conductive polymer and weaving the resultant fibers with meter-scale automatic looming machines, the 1 m × 1 m area with stripe electrodes at a 20 cm pitch was constructed. The pressure sensitivity, which depends on the number of the sensor fibers forming the stripe electrodes, was characterized and optimized to increase output capacitance change. The stripe electrodes with five sensor fibers were found to exhibit a capacitance change of 1.37 pF when pushed with the average foot pressure (i.e., 2.6 N/cm²), which is large enough to detect with conventional capacitance measurement circuits. Finally, pressure sensing with our woven pressure sensor fabric is demonstrated. Our meter-scale pressure sensor fabric technology will be used for bed and floor sensors for monitoring old people in nursing homes and hospitals.     

A polymer-metal hybrid flexible mould and application for large area hot roller embossing

In this paper, we report a novel approach to fabricate a low cost, large area and flexible mould and its applications in large area roller embossing. A liquid crystal polymer (LCP) film, which had a high glass transition temperature of 280°C, was clad with copper foils on both sides, was used as a starting material for mould fabrication. The LCP film and the copper foils were 50 and 36 μm thick, respectively. The LCP-Cu flexible mould was obtained through photolithographic patterning and wet etching of the copper foil on top surface of the LCP film. Using this proposed method, a polymer-metal hybrid flexible mould with an area of 150 mm × 150 mm was fabricated. The fabricated mould has a minimum feature size of 25 μm, and has been successfully used to demonstrate large area micro roller embossing. Micro channels, micro dots and micro mixers were embossed on polymeric as well as ceramic green substrates.     

反射式大面积光幕测速装置研究

介绍了一种基于反射式的大面积光幕测速装置,靶面的横向距离可达6000mm,避免了现有弹丸测速区截装置测试区域小、安全距离近、容易损坏测速装置等缺点。该装置由激光光学系统、回归式反光材料（反光膜）及其固定支架、反射镜、光电探测器与处理电路组成。将激光光源投射到另一端的反光膜上,形成光幕探测区,当弹丸或破片穿过光幕时,引起光通量变化,通过测时仪或数据采集系统即可获得过靶速度。用7．62mm枪弹经与高精度的框架式800mm×800mm的光幕靶进行了比对试验,结果满足测量精度要求。试验证明：该装置具有靶面大、精度高、使用维护方便,成本低等显著优点,不仅能进行常规的弹丸速度测试,同时,也适用于破片、弹幕武器等的速度测量。     

大地形生成管理技术在仿真中的应用

实时三维视景技术通过构建虚拟场景来模拟世界,并通过对虚拟场景的交互控制来模拟观察和浏览真实世界.以其生动性、直观性和真实性逐渐应用到武器型号的仿真、演示任务中去.大规模地形生成和管理技术是为了满足某些特别飞行器的需求而进行的初步探索,用Vega Prime、LADBM模块和CTS三种视景软件相结合的方法,最终生成了大面积逼真的三维地形、地貌为远航程飞行器的航路规划以及攻防对抗等研究提供了新的技术手段.     

From rooms to Cyberspace: models of interaction in large virtual computer spaces

Room metaphors have become increasingly popular as a basis for CSCW systems. The paper describes how such metaphors might be extended to support large scale communication through the introduction of a spatial model for mediating conversations in virtual computer spaces. The model is described in terms of an abstract mathematical framework and the paper then outlines how this might be applied to various kinds of CSCW system. As a next step, the combination of rooms into larger virtual structures is considered and this results in proposals for structuring, navigating and mapping a large virtual Cyberspace for cooperation. Finally, the paper describes a current prototype application and reflects on some of the architectural issues involved in its realisation as a distributed system.     

机房配电系统中的低压断路器选用

计算机机房配电采用的低压电器元件,其参数性能的选择是否合理,对整个机房的正常用电起着重要的作用。断路器作为机房配电线路中最重要的电能分配及保护元件,其重要性尤为突出。文章介绍了低压断路器在不同电气线路上的选择原则,和低压断路器作为承载、接通和分断电路电流的主要元件应用在电气线路的方方面面,可为如何快速、合理地选择合适的断路器提供参考。     

应用于光散射技术中的光电探测器设计

针对光散射技术的应用,介绍了一种光电探测器的设计.给出了前置放大电路、滤波电路和主放大电路,分析了每一部分电路的工作原理,介绍了主要电学器件的特性.通过实验对电路响应的线性度和电路的信噪比进行了分析,并为提高电路的线性度和信噪比采取了相应措施.实验结果表明:该设计有输出信噪比高、可靠性强、探测精度高、光电转换稳定等优点,在光散射测量技术中有很好的应用前景.     

大面积滚动指纹快速拼接算法

针对大面积滚动指纹采集和拼接在离线嵌入式系统中的应用,提出一种快速算法。对采集到的指纹图像进行增强处理,提取指纹块方向特征进行初次匹配,在此结果上利用纹理信息进行二次求精匹配,采用曲线缝合技术进行缝合。实验结果表明,该算法具有速度快、精度高、资源耗费小、鲁棒性好、适应性强、移植方便的特点,可满足实时嵌入式应用。     

Modeling of large area hot embossing

Today, hot embossing and injection molding belong to the established plastic molding processes in microengineering. Based on experimental findings, a variety of microstructures have been replicated so far using the processes. However, with increasing requirements regarding the embossing surface and the simultaneous decrease of the structure size down into the nanorange, increasing know-how is needed to adapt hot embossing to industrial standards. To reach this objective, a German–Canadian cooperation project has been launched to study hot embossing theoretically by a process simulation and experimentally. The present publication shall report about the first results of the simulation—the modeling and simulation of large area replication based on an eight in. microstructured mold.     

电子鼻在棉织物异味检测中的应用研究

基于电子鼻传感器检测技术,对棉织物中5种异味整体性质的人工智能评价进行探究,根据传感器检测数据曲线和数据主成分分析(PCA)分析,结果表明:各传感器对不同异味成分的响应性不同,PCA分析法处理数据能够有效区分布样中不同的异味组分,为纺织品异味的快速、有效、客观检测评定奠定了一定的基础.     

机织物材料的多尺度模型及其应用

采用机织物的正交各向异性本构模型模拟不出某些悬垂和屈曲现象。为此,引入机织物的多尺度力学模型,建立完整的适合于进行机织物悬垂屈曲模拟的数值分析方法模型,采用多尺度有限元方法模拟其在自重作用下的悬垂及屈曲。与以往采用的正交各向异性力学本构模型相比,多尺度力学模型更加客观地反映了机织物所特有的力学性能;与传统有限单元法相比,多尺度有限单元法的基函数具有能反映单元内参数变化的优点,因此,这种方法能在大尺度上抓住解的小尺度特征,获得较精确的解。采用8结点壳单元离散织物片,这种壳单元为大变形而设计,有能力描述织物片在悬垂中发生的大转动。采用多尺度力学模型的模拟结果显著提高了计算精度,与实验结果吻合较好。     

A study of kinetic energy harvesting for biomedical application in the head area

This paper is focused on determining a suitability of using a kinetic energy harvester placed in the area of the human head for supplying power to a new generation of cochlear implants. Placement-dependant volumetric and mass constraints of the harvester are discussed, and the requirements for its power output are set based on the power demands on the state-of-the-art cochlear implants. Measured acceleration data for different activities are presented together with a statistics of a random user behaviour during the course of 10 months. Nonlinear simulation model based on CAD geometry and FEM analyses is developed and its parameters are optimized using the sensitivity analysis in order to generate the maximum power. Real life acceleration data are then employed to feed the input of the simulation model of energy harvester to predict the obtainable power output. The feasibility of employing the energy harvesting to power the selected biomedical application is discussed based on simulation results.     

Auto-splitting D* lite path planning for large disaster area

Intelligent Service Robotics - This research introduces a new path planning method for rescue robots in a dynamic and partially known area when the robots are performing tasks in a large area. The...     

Collapse-free thermal bonding technique for large area microchambers in plastic lab-on-a-chip applications

Bonding is an essential step to form microchannels or microchambers in lab-on-a-chip applications. In this paper, we present a novel plastic thermal bonding technique to seal and form large area microchambers (planar characteristic width and length on the order of 1 mm and characteristic thickness on the order of 10–100 μm) without collapse by introducing a holed pressure equalizing plate (HPEP) that includes holes of the same size and shape as the microchambers. To demonstrate the proposed technique, two types of large area microchambers [(1) 20 × 10 mm and 40 μm thick and (2) 12 × 2.5 mm and 120 μm thick] with microchannels were designed and replicated on plastic substrates by means of hot embossing and injection molding processes with prepared two nickel mold inserts. The replicated large area microchambers as well as the microchannels in the plastic lab-on-a-chip were successfully sealed (i.e., no leakage) and formed without any collapse by the proposed thermal bonding technique with the help of the HPEP.     

Microprocessor techniques for energy conservation in computer rooms

Computers, particularly large ones used by finance bodies and government, are heavy users of electricity both to power the computer and to provide the environment recommended by the computer manufacturer. The power used by the environmental control equipment can be higher than that used by the computer itself. Both capital costs and running costs are high. Some cooling plants consume of the order of a megawatt of power. Recently, very expensive systems have been developed to recover waste heat from computers for use elsewhere in buildings either for hot water supplies or for space heating.This approach can only be easily applied to new custom designed installations, whereas in future most computers will be installed in existing buildings. Most heat is available from such systems in the summer when the demand is at a minimum. At best they are a palliative for an energy design which is wrong in concept.This article advocates an integrated approach to the total computer system design where all the factors, including energy consumption, are considered from the outset and their interactions considered. A working example is described designed on these principles which uses a fresh air ventilation system controlled by a microprocessor. Other advantages include automatic condition monitoring of the equipment, improved security and fire protection. The microprocessor-based environment controller is an order of magnitude cheaper, both in capital and running costs, than conventional designs. There is no evidence to suggest that it is less effective, because the computer installations concerned show higher than average reliability.     

光幕靶用大动态范围信号处理电路设计

为提高光幕靶测速精度和弹径适应范围,设计了一种光幕靶用自动调节增益的对数放大电路,扩大信号处理电路的测试动态范围。论文分析矩形探测光幕和扇形探测光幕两类典型光幕靶式光幕工作原理,分析弹丸过幕信号幅值与弹丸直径和过幕位置之间的关系。依据对数放大电路特性设计了基于TL441芯片的电压型对数放大电路和LOG112芯片的电流型对数放大电路,对设计的电路进行对数放大特性和动态范围进行测试。试验结果表明,设计的信号处理电路的输入输出信号幅值具有对数特性,其动态范围可达31dB,提高了光幕靶的测试动态范围,满足各口径弹丸的速度测量。     

以太网在布袋除尘系统中的研究与应用

通过对某炼钢厂现有转炉布袋除尘系统中的监控部分的调查与研究,发现其采用工业现场总线进行通讯,协议较多且不统一,如opt协议、modbus协议、modbus modbus plus协议等.整个系统分7个部分,分散且距离较远,不便于对系统进行有效分析和控制,所以除尘效率比较低下.针对此问题,采用施奈德Quantum系列Pic,Mp7工业监控软件,将工业以太网作为现场数据的通讯通道,采用TCP/IP协议作为统一的通讯协议,进行集中监控,利用触发方式对于事件进行激活,从而减少系统资源利用,有效减少网络诱导延迟.通过系统的设计,提高了除尘效率,减少烟尘排放浓度,改善大气环境质量.     

弧光保护在电网应用中存在的问题及解决方案

在35kV及以下电压等级电网的母线正逐步应用弧光保护。为了提高可靠性,六盘水供电局某些变电站应用弧光保护时就采用“电弧光和电源二次电流”双判据、并为每段母线配置一套弧光保护装置的方案。但这种方案存在死区问题,即当一台变压器带35kV或10kV两段母线负荷并列运行时,若Ⅱ段母线上发生故障,Ⅰ段母线弧光保护将因检测不到弧光而不能动作,Ⅱ段母线弧光保护将因检测不到电流而不能动作,Ⅰ段母线故障时存在同样问题。本文对该问题展开分析,论述了“电流或逻辑”的解决方案,即弧光保护装置同时采集进线电源断路器与分段断路器的电流互感器的二次电流,只要有任意一个电流满足弧光保护电流判据时电弧光也满足要求,弧光保护即可动作。     

面向大数据的Storm框架研究与应用

大数据计算主要包括批量计算和实时计算,针对批量计算处理的都是历史数据而不能实现低延迟高响应的缺点,基于Storm并借助开源框架Flume、Kafka,设计了一个实时数据收集与处理的系统,将数据转为流的形式,对收集来的数据直接在内存以流的形式进行计算,输出有价值的信息。最后对系统进行性能测试以及计算能力的测试。实验结果表明,该系统可扩展性良好,且并行计算能力稳定,适合大量实时数据处理。