Product high-order ambiguity function for multicomponentpolynomial-phase signal modeling

Parameter estimation and performance analysis issues are studied for multicomponent polynomial-phase signals (PPSs) embedded in white Gaussian noise. Identifiability issues arising with existing approaches are described first when dealing with multicomponent PPS having the same highest order phase coefficients. This situation is encountered in applications such as synthetic aperture radar imaging or propagation of polynomial phase signals through channels affected by multipath and is thus worthy of a careful analysis. A new approach is proposed based on a transformation called product high-order ambiguity function (PHAF). The use of the PHAF offers a number of advantages with respect to the high-order ambiguity function (HAF). More specifically, it removes the identifiability problem and improves noise rejection capabilities. Performance analysis is carried out using the perturbation method and verified by simulation results     

Dynamic range of the detectable parameters for polynomial phasesignals using multiple-lag diversities in high-order ambiguity functions

Two lag diversities in the high-order ambiguity functions for single component polynomial phase signals (PPS) was explored by Zhou and Wang (see IEEE Signal Processing Lett., vol.4, p.240-42, 1997 and Signal Processing, vol.65, no.2, p.1452-55, 1998). The lag diversity enlarges the dynamic range of the detectable parameters for PPS. In this paper, we first find a connection between the above multiple-lag diversity problem and the multiple undersampling problem in the frequency detection using discrete Fourier transform (DFT). Using the connection and some results on the multiple undersampling problem we recently obtained, we prove that the dynamic range obtained by Zhou and Wang is already the maximal one for the detectable parameters for single-component PPS. Furthermore, the dynamic range for the detectable parameters for multicomponent PPS is given when multiple-lag diversities are used. We show that the maximal dynamic range is reached when the number of the lags in the high-order ambiguity function (HAF) is at least twice of the number of the single components in a multicomponent PPS. More lags than twice the number of single components do not increase the dynamic range     

基于HAF估计的超宽带LFM信号距离像频域校正

为更准确且简洁地表达超宽带的线性调频(LFM)信号的非线性相位,文中采用一种高阶模糊函数,而不是经典的泰勒展开来表达非线性相位多项式,并用高阶模糊函数(HAF)法估计非线性相位多项式系数。针对因目标延时不同导致的非线性程度不同的问题,采用了一种频域校正法补偿回波的非线性相位,一次性完成不同距离目标的一维距离像聚焦,无需对不同距离目标分别进行校正处理,算法效率大大提高。     

Precoding techniques for undersampled multireceiver communicationsystems

Although there have been extensive studies on the blind equalization problem for temporally or/and spatially oversampled communication signals, the literature is not equally rich for undersampled, and possibly multiuser, wireless systems. In this paper, we investigate the feasibility of blind signal recovery from undersampled data collected from a plurality of receivers. We show that although an undersampled communication system is not completely identifiable in general, such an obstacle can be overcome by employing proper precoding with an arbitrary amount of bandwidth expansion in the transmitter. The main contribution of this paper is the formulation of a generic framework for all undersampled systems and the derivation of necessary and sufficient conditions for a class of filters (which we term ambiguity resistant precoders) that allow the blind recovery of the transmitted signal. A family of such precoders is given. We discuss various related issues and show, for example, that block precoders, i.e., memoryless precoders, are not ambiguity resistant. In addition, we derive an algorithm that can accomplish blind equalization with a finite number of observations     

短程宽带FMCW雷达信号非线性校正方法研究

调频连续波（Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave,FMCW）合成孔径雷达（Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR）具有重量轻、截获概率低、高分辨率成像等优点,但其发展受到限制的一个重要因素是发射信号中存在非线性误差。本文针对一部X波段4.8GHz带宽短程调频连续波成像雷达系统中非线性误差较大的问题,提出了一种基于高阶模糊函数（High-order Ambiguity Function ,HAF)和重采样的非线性误差校正方法。该方法结合压控振荡器( Voltage Controlled Oscillator,VCO)的频率电压特性将非线性差频信号拟合为多项式相位信号（Polynomial Phase Signals,PPS）,利用HAF对多项式相位系数进行估计,并利用插值完成非线性误差校正。仿真和实测数据处理结果表明,该方法能准确有效地校正FMCW系统中的非线性误差,且工程适用性强。      

AM/FM signal estimation with micro-segmentation and polynomial fit

Amplitude and phase estimation of AM/FM signals with parametric polynomial representation require the polynomial orders for phase and amplitude to be known. But in reality, they are not known and have to be estimated. A well-known method for estimation is the higher-order ambiguity function (HAF) or its variants. But the HAF method has several reported drawbacks such as error propagation and slowly varying or even constant amplitude assumption. Especially for the long duration time-varying signals like AM/FM signals, which require high orders for the phase and amplitude, computational load is very heavy due to nonlinear optimization involving many variables. This paper utilizes a micro-segmentation approach where the length of segment is selected such that the amplitude and instantaneous frequency (IF) is constant over the segment. With this selection first, the amplitude and phase estimates for each micro-segment are obtained optimally in the LS sense, and then, these estimates are concatenated to obtain the overall amplitude and phase estimates. The initial estimates are not optimal but sufficiently close to the optimal solution for subsequent processing. Therefore, by using the initial estimates, the overall polynomial orders for the amplitude and phase are estimated. Using estimated orders, the initial amplitude and phase functions are fitted to the polynomials to obtain the final signal. The method does not use any multivariable nonlinear optimization and is efficient in the sense that the MSE performance is close enough to the Cramer–Rao bound. Simulation examples are presented.     

多分量多项式相位信号的参量估计

本文首先分析了现有的基于PHAF估计mc-PPS相位参量方法的局限性.提出了先由对应于不同时间延迟参数的高阶模糊度函数估计出一组相位系数估值,然后采取表决方法从该组估值中提取出最终相位系数估值的参量估计方法.该方法既回避了信号检测中的阈值选取问题,又提高了检测可靠性及参量估计精度.仿真实验验证了本文方法的有效性.     

多项式建模解电离层相位污染阶数选择新方法

电离层相位污染使天波超视距雷达杂波频谱展宽,影响舰船等低速目标检测.针对这一问题,近年来发展了基于分段多项式相位建模和高阶模糊函数的(HAF)解电离层污染算法,如何合理地选取模型阶数是该算法的核心.给出了两种改进的自适应多项式建模阶数选择方法.并利用仿真方法进行了验证,结果表明:基于高阶模糊函数变换性质的频域和时域阶数选择方法的计算量较现有算法有较大提高,且频域法可在较低信噪比下准确判断多项式阶数.     

Parameter estimation for micro-Doppler signals based on cubic phase function

An estimator for evaluating the parameters from the radar returned multicomponent micro-Doppler (m-D) signals is presented in this paper. While time frequency distribution (TFD) is commonly used to analyze the time-varying m-D frequency features in TF domain, the proposed algorithm is based on cubic phase function (CPF) that can transform the signal to time frequency rate domain. In order to estimate the parameters of multicomponent m-D signal, the extended Hough transform (HT) of CPF is employed to estimate linear frequency modulation (LFM) or sinusoidal frequency modulation (SFM) components. For the m-D signal composed of both LFM and SFM components, the estimates involve two steps of HT-CPF. Firstly, LFM components are estimated by HT-CPF and removed from the time frequency rate plane, and then, HT of the modified time frequency rate distribution is applied to estimate SFM ones. Compared with HT-TFD, this algorithm needs less dimension of HT space and is thus computationally efficient. In addition, simulations show that the algorithm has almost the same performance signal-to-noise threshold as HT of Wigner–Ville distribution method.     

Instantaneous frequency estimation of polynomial FM signals usingthe peak of the PWVD: statistical performance in the presence ofadditive gaussian noise

The peak of the polynomial Wigner-Ville distribution (PWVD) has been previously proposed as an estimator of the instantaneous frequency (IF) for a monocomponent polynomial frequency modulated (FM) signal. In this paper, we evaluate the statistical performance of this estimator in the case of additive white Gaussian noise and provide an analytical expression for the variance. We show that for a given PWVD order, the estimator performance can be improved by a proper choice of the kernel coefficients in the PWVD. A performance comparison between the PWVD based IF estimator and another previously proposed one based on the high-order ambiguity function (HAF) is also provided, Simulation results show that for a signal-to-noise ratio larger than 3 dB, the proposed sixth-order PWVD outperforms the HAF in estimating the IF of a third- or fourth-order polynomial phase signal, evaluated at the central point of the observation interval     

基于HHT的多分量LFM信号检测与参数估计

文中将Hilbert—Huang变换应用到多分量线性调频信号（LFM）信号的分析中：首先利用经验模态分解法（EMD）将原信号分解成有限个本征模态函数（IMF）；然后埘各个IMF进行Hilbert变换，获取瞬时频率、瞬时振幅，得到信号的Hilbert谱，该谱反映r瞬时振幅在频率一时间平面上的分布，从而可以比较准确地检测和估计各LFM分量的初始频率和调频斜率等参数。仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

短序列条件下基于分段多项式建模方法的相位估计性能分析

该文主要对短序列非多项式相位条件下基于高阶模糊函数(HAF)的多项式相位系数估计算法性能进行了较详细的讨论。进一步研究了基于这种算法思想的分段多项式相位建模的瞬时相位估计方法。该方法的思想主要体现为将需估计数据序列进行分段,每个短数据段的瞬时相位采用一个低阶的多项式来逼近,而这些逼近多项式的各阶系数利用HAF或乘积高阶模糊函数(PHAF)的方法进行估计,最终整个数据序列的相位由各段估计出的瞬时相位合并而成。该方法的估计性能很大程度上取决于各分段数据序列的估计精度。文中分析了短序列非多项式相位对HAF及PHAF的影响,并通过仿真实验给出了具有一般性的结论。     

Improved estimation of hyperbolic frequency modulated chirp signals

This article deals with parameter estimation of product signals consisting of hyperbolic FM and chirp factors. A computationally simple algorithm that decouples estimation of the chirp parameters from those of the hyperbolic FM part is presented. It relies on a simple data transformation that removes the hyperbolic FM component, leaving one with the simpler problem of estimating chirp parameters. For the latter, the high-order ambiguity function (HAF) is adopted. Schemes for estimating the hyperbolic FM parameter are also proposed. The method improves on existing approaches and is shown to provide performance close to the Cramer-Rao bound     

Unfolding the frequency spectrum for undersampled wideband data

In this letter, we discuss the problem of unfolding the frequency spectrum for undersampled wideband data. The problem is of relevance to state-of-the-art radio frequency measurement systems, which capture repetitive waveform based on a sampling rate that violates the Nyquist constraint. The problem is presented in a compact form by the inclusion of a complex operator called the CN operator. The ease-of-use problem formulation eliminates the ambiguity caused by folded frequency spectra, in particular those with lines standing on multiples of the Nyquist frequency that are captured with erroneous amplitude and phase values.     

雷达信号脉内细微特征参数分析

介绍了基于正弦波频率估计的脉内特征参数估计方法,并与数字正交法相结合,解决了编码信号频率估计模糊问题。对单频信号、线性调频信号、二相编码信号、四相编码信号进行了脉内特征分析,给出了仿真结果。     

A parametric method for non-stationary interference suppression in direct sequence spread-spectrum systems

The problem of non-stationary interference suppression in direct sequence spread-spectrum (DS-SS) systems is considered. The phase of interference is approximated by a polynomial within the considered interval. According to the local polynomial Fourier transform (LPFT) principle, the received signal is dechirped by using the obtained phase approximation and the interference is, in turn, suppressed by excising the corrupted low-pass frequency band. For the estimation of polynomial coefficients, we use the product high-order ambiguity function (PHAF), known for its capability to successfully resolve components of a multicomponent polynomial-phase signal (PPS). The proposed method can suppress interferences with both polynomial and non-polynomial phase. In addition, it can suppress both monocomponent and multicomponent interferences. The simulations show that the proposed method outperforms time-frequency (TF) methods, that successfully deal with multicomponent interferences, in terms of the error probability and computational complexity.     

一种新的抑制交叉项的时-频分布的分析

最近提出了一种新的时频分布，在保持高时频分辨率的同时可抑制交叉项，本文从信号模糊域滤波的角度分析了该分布中核函数的设计方法与思路，并针对多分量线性调频信号用该分布进行了计算机仿真。仿真结果证明了该分布在抑制交叉项并保持较高时频分辨率方面的有效性。     

基于QAM调制信号的构造函数盲均衡算法

基于QAM调制信号及常模算法(CMA),提出一种新的盲均衡算法—构造函数(CF)算法。该算法通过构造一个函数,使得QAM信号幅度取值点为该函数的零点,再充分利用QAM信号的确定信息,提高算法的收敛速度和精度。计算机仿真结果表明,该算法克服了传输引起的QAM信号相位模糊(或相位偏移)问题,并能快速收敛,因此有较好的性能。     

宽带码分多址系统仿真研究

在分析第三代移动通信系统的基础上,使用EDA工具Cossap,自行开发了WCDMA完整的函数库,重点对WCDMA系统的物理链路层结构进行了系统仿真,建立了上行链路(UL)和下行链路(DL)的仿真平台.本文根据ITU-R M.1225建议的多径衰落环境,分别根据1998年9月ETSI的WCDMA草案和1999年11月"IMT-2000无线接口技术规范"建议,对话音信道和数据信道进行了全面的仿真测试.     

基于中国余数定理的跳频信号相时延估计方法

跳频信号每跳带宽窄且多跳间积累困难,利用传统方法对其时延估计精度都很低。针对该问题,该文充分挖掘跳频信号宽跳带的潜能,建立了多频点相时延估计模型,把时延估计问题转化为整周模糊求解问题;然后在解模糊过程中引入中国余数定理,针对非合作场景中模数无法选择的问题,提出一种基于虚拟频点的干涉相位外推方法,构造出鲁棒中国余数定理的适用条件;最后采用闭式鲁棒中国余数定理解算整周模糊,得到高精度的相时延。该方法具有精度高、运算量小、不依赖于信道衰落特性的优点。仿真结果验证了所提模型及方法的有效性和正确性。