胰腺癌微血管的生成机制及其抑制剂的作用

肿瘤微血管生成在胰腺癌的发生转移过程中起重要作用 ,血管内皮生长因子、表皮生长因子、碱性纤维母细胞生长因子等血管生长因子和基质金属蛋白酶反映肿瘤微血管的生长 ,肿瘤微血管的检测和抗血管生成治疗将为胰腺癌的诊断和治疗提供新的手段     

胰腺癌微血管的生成机制及其抑制剂的作用

肿瘤微血管生成在胰腺癌的发生转移过程中起重要作用，血管内皮生长因子、表皮生长因子、碱性纤雏母细胞生长因子等血管生长因子和基质金属蛋白酶反映肿瘤微血管的生长，肿瘤微血管的检测和抗血管生成治疗将为胰腺癌的诊断和治疗提供新的手段。     

血管相关因子在胰腺癌中的表达及意义

大量研究证实，肿瘤血管生成与肿瘤生长、浸润、转移及预后有密切关系。本研究通过检测胰腺癌中内皮抑素(endostatin)、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)及微血管密度(MVD)的表达情况，探讨血管相关因子与胰腺癌临床病理参数的关系。     

胰腺癌多层螺旋CT征象与临床病理特征的关系

目的探讨胰腺癌多层螺旋CT(MSCT)影像学征象及其与临床病理特征的关系。方法术前经过MSCT增强扫描且经病理切片确诊的原发性胰腺导管细胞癌患者80例。根据CT征象对癌患者进行胰周血管受累分级和周围组织侵犯情况评价,并分析MSCT征象表现的胰周血管受累分级、周围组织侵犯与肿瘤部位、肝脏转移、淋巴结转移、微血管密度、病理分型、美国癌症联合委员会(AJCC)分期、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、抗链糖原(CA)19-9、基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)-2的关系。结果胰腺癌胰周血管受累与微血管密度、AJCC分期、VEGF、CA19-9、MMP-2有关(P<0.05),与肿瘤部位、肝脏转移、淋巴结转移、病理分型无关;胰腺癌周围组织侵犯与血管密度、肝脏转移、淋巴结转移、AJCC分期、VEGF、CA19-9、MMP-2有关(P<0.05),与肿瘤部位、肝脏和淋巴以外的转移、病理分型无关。结论胰腺癌多层螺旋CT影像学征象表现与临床病理特征有密切关系,有助于胰腺癌的临床诊疗和预后判断。     

胃癌血管内皮生长因子与微血管密度的关系

血管生成与肿瘤的生长密切相关。最近的一些研究报道指出，血管内皮生长因子（ＶＥＧＦ）是一种重要的促肿瘤血管生长因子［１］，ＦⅧ因子是血管内皮的特异标记物。我们用ＶＥＧＦ和ＦⅧ因子染色的免疫组化技术，观察了胃癌组织不同区域ＶＥＧＦ阳性表达和微血管密度（Ｍ...     

血管内皮生长因子和微血管密度在胰腺癌与壶腹部癌中的对比研究

目的 分析血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF)和微血管密度(microvessel density, MVD)在胰腺癌和壶腹癌中的表达,探讨血管生成两种肿瘤发展过程中的差别及意义.方法 选取43例胰腺癌和45例壶腹部癌标本,应用免疫组化方法检测VEGF表达和MVD计数.结果 胰腺癌和壶腹部癌在患者性别、年龄、血液肿瘤标志物和肿瘤分化程度等方法无明显差别,但在首发症状、手术方式、术后并发症、肿块大小、病理类型、有无淋巴结转移、TNM分期、治疗结果及生存期等方面吸显著性差异(P＜0.05).胰腺癌VEGF表达阳性率为76.7%,壶腹部癌为73.3%,两者之间无显著性差异(P＞0.05).结论胰腺癌的恶性程度远高于壶腹部癌,胰腺癌的高血管生成活性可能是其原因之一.     

90 Sr/90 Yβ射线对前列腺血管内皮生长因子与微血管密度影响的研究

目的探讨β射线内照射治疗前列腺增生症的作用机制.方法应用免疫组化法检测9例正常前列腺、14例增生前列腺及21例实施90 Sr/90 Yβ射线照射后前列腺增生组织中CD34和血管内皮生长因子的表达.结果正常前列腺微血管密度为49±3.2个,微血管腔内面积为106±7.5 cm2,血管内皮生长因子染色阳性细胞面积为21.7±2.8 cm2;增生组前列腺微血管密度为105±19.2,微血管腔内面积为278.5±26.9 cm2,血管内皮生长因子染色阳性细胞面积为64.5±7.3 cm2;照射组前列腺微血管密度为64±7.6,微血管腔内面积为124.7±14.3 cm2,血管内皮生长因子染色阳性细胞面积为25.6±4.1 cm2.增生组与照射组比较差别有显著性意义(P＜0.01).结论β射线内照射可以抑制前列腺组织中血管内皮生长因子的合成,减少腺体内微血管的密度.     

流式细胞术检测口腔鳞癌CD105与VEGF-C、nm23表达的关系

实体肿瘤的浸润生长和转移均需要血管生成,肿瘤新生血管密度是评估患者转移及预后的重要指标,而新生血管内皮主要的标记物为CD105.血管内皮生长因子-C(VEGF-C)是目前所知作用最强的血管生长因子,在肿瘤血管形成过程中起重要作用,并与肿瘤淋巴结转移密切相关;转移抑制基因nm23是一种肿瘤转移抑制基因,肿瘤组织该基因的表达降低是实体瘤浸润生长和转移的必要条件.VEGF-C和nm23在口腔鳞癌中的表达与微血管密度(MVD)及其口腔鳞癌转移的关系目前尚不明确.本文探讨口腔鳞癌VEGF-C、nm23和内皮细胞CD105表达,与局部血管生成及肿瘤侵袭转移的关系.     

胰腺癌患者血清血管内皮生长因子测定的临床意义

血管内皮生长因子(VEGF) 是一种特异促进血管内皮细胞增殖的细胞因子,研究表明,它的高表达与肿瘤的生长、转移有密切关系.本研究通过检测胰腺癌患者血清VEGF含量,探讨胰腺癌患者血清VEGF的表达是否可作为预后评价的指标,为临床判断胰腺癌预后提供新的依据.     

血管内皮生长因子和微血管密度在胰腺癌与壶腹部癌中的对比研究

目的分析血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)和微血管密度(microvessel density,MVD)在胰腺癌和壶腹部癌中的表达,探讨血管生成在两种肿瘤发展过程中的差别及意义。方法选取43例胰腺癌和45例壶腹部癌标本,应用免疫组化方法检测VEGF表达和MVD计数。结果胰腺癌和壶腹部癌在患者性别、年龄、血液肿瘤标志物和肿瘤分化程度等方面无明显差别,但在首发症状、手术方式、术后并发症、肿块大小、病理类型、有无淋巴结转移、TNM分期、治疗结果及生存期等方面有显著性差异(P<0.05)。胰腺癌VEGF表达阳性率为76.7%,壶腹部癌为73.3%,两者之间无显著性差异(P>0.05);胰腺癌MVD为50.01±26.33,壶腹部癌MVD为30.91±15.75,两者之间具有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论胰腺癌的恶性程度远高于壶腹部癌,胰腺癌的高血管生成活性可能是其原因之一。     

肿瘤病人弓形虫感染分析

在肿瘤的发生和发展进程中 ,多伴有免疫功能低下或缺陷 ,从而极易遭受各种感染。弓形虫是机会感染因子 ,当患者免疫功能受损时 ,易于感染 ,还会使隐性感染激活 ,引起低热不退、淋巴结肿和脑神经系统的反应 ,此现象尚未引起临床医师的重视。近年来 ,我们对 4 0 9例肿瘤病人进行了弓形虫感染及弓形虫病的分析观察 ,报告如下 :1　材料与方法1 1　材料　 30 4例病人血清取自江西省肿瘤医院住院或门诊病人 ,随机抽样后低温保存待检 ,10 5例取自其他医院送检样品 ,有急性症状者随到随检 ,以便及时做病原学检测。1 2　弓形虫病诊断方法1 2 1　免疫…     

A patient with rectal ulcer with severe stenosis presenting with perforated peritonitis

We report a patient with rectal ulcer with severe stenosis, who underwent urgent surgical treatment for perforated peritonitis. The 54-year-old man suddenly developed cramping abdominal pain and fever while hospitalized, with signs of peritoneal irritation. An emergency laparotomy was performed, and severe stenosis of the rectum and a perforated lesion on the oral side approximately 10 cm distant from the stenosis were found, with massive abdominal purulent fluid. He was treated by rectosigmoid colon resection with transverse colon loop colostomy. Histopathologically, the stenosis was caused by ulceration extending to all muscular layers of the rectum, with inflammatory changes. Benign rectal stenosis is so rare that differential diagnosis from malignancy may be difficult when there are inflammatory changes in the surrounding tissues. However, it is necessary to keep in mind the likelihood of this disease in differentiation from rectal cancer. Received: December 21, 1998 / Accepted: May 28, 1999     

Infection with Rhodococcus equi in a patient with sarcoidosis treated with corticosteroids

A 51-year-old female farmer was diagnosed as having sarcoidosis. During 4 years of observation, slow radiological progression was observed. Cough then developed, necessitating treatment with corticosteroids. After 28 months of continuous treatment with prednisolone in low doses (5-7.5 mg daily), she suffered fever episodes, recurrent haemoptyses, general malaise and loss of weight. A chest roentgenogram showed a left upper lobe infiltrate, which progressed and finally cavitated, and rib destruction. Despite efforts, including a thoracotomy, 22 months passed before a diagnosis could be made. Blood and sputum cultures and cultures from the destroyed rib showed growth of Rhodococcus equi, a common soil organism which can cause infections in foals and other animals. Treatment with rifampicin and erythromycin was successful. R. equi has been reported to cause infection in patients with neoplastic disease and/or immunosuppression, but the disease might be more common than is suggested by the sparse case reports in the literature, owing to lack of familiarity with the organism, which will tend to be overlooked as a contaminant.     

Evaluation of atrial vulnerability with transoesophageal stimulation in patients with atrioventricular junctional: Comparison with patients with ventricular pre-excitation and with normal subjects

The aim of our work was to evaluate the inducibility of atrialfibrillation in a group of patients with atrioventricular junctionalreentrant tachycardia and to compare it with that of patientswith a Kent-type ventricular pre-excitation (Wolff-Parkinson-Whitesyndrome) and a control group. One hundred and twenty-five subjects were separated into groups.Group 1 comprised 49 Wolff-Parkinson-White patients, with amean age of 26.4, range 10.66 years; group 2, 51 patients withatrioventricular junctional reentrant tachycardia inducibleby transoesophageal atrial stimulation andlor clinically documented,with a mean age of 43.4, range 16–78 years; group 3, 25control subjects with a mean age of2.64, range 13–76 years. Each subject underwent atrial transoesophageal stimulation withthe following protocol: programmed atrial stimulation with 1and 2 stimuli during atrial pacing of 100. min^–1 and 150.min^–1; atrial stimulation for 10 s at a rate of 200–300–400–500–600.min^–1 with intervals of 10 s between stimulations, fivesuccessive ‘ramp-up’ atrial stimulations for 9 swith the rate increasing from 100 to 800. min^–1 with intervalsof 10 s between stimulations. The end point was the completionof the protocol or induction of sustained atrial fibrillation(>1 min). The chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Our resultsshowed that in group 1 atrial fibrillation was induced in 27149patients (55.1%); this was sustained in 13149 (26.5%) and non-sustainedin 14149 (28.5%); in group 2, atrial fibrillation was inducedin 22151 patients (43.0%); it was sustained in 7151 (13.7%)and non-sustained in 15151 (29.4%); in group 3, sustained atrialfibrillation was not induced in any subject and in only onesubject was a non-sustained atrial fibrillation (4 s) induced. The chi-square test showed that group 2 vs group 1 were non-significant,while group 2 vs group 3 and group 1 vs group 3 were significant(P<0.003 and P<0.0007, respectively). Therefore group 2 patients showed a greater atrial vulnerabilityin comparison to the control subjects and a similar vulnerabilityto group 1 patients. It is possible that the greater atrialvulnerability in the patients of group 2 was due to the doublenodal pathway.     

Treating patients with lupus with B-cell depletion

A new era in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus has dawned with the increasing introduction of monoclonal antibodies and other approaches, that target the key molecules involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. At present the ability to block the CD20 molecule on those B cells that carry this marker has proved the most effective way to treat patients resistant to conventional immunosuppressive drugs. However, these studies have all been open label and the results of double blind controlled studies are eagerly awaited.