基于微观IBM对电子—核散射及核电磁性质的研究——（Ⅰ）BE理论方案

从价核子自由度出发构造出核跃迁电荷／电流密度算符,采用Dyson玻色子展开技术给出了获取核玻色子形式跃迁电荷／电流密度有效算符的一种微观方法（BE方法）。利用微观相互作用玻色子模型（IBM）提供的波函数可在玻色子态空间中求出核跃迁电荷／电流密度,结合电子－核散射以及核电磁跃迁的形式理论,建立了可研究电子－核散射各种形状因子,微分散射截面以及核约化跃迁几率、电磁多极矩、核态g因子等物理量的理论方案,在一种微观sdIBM-2框架下,结合现有理论方案,初步计算^192Os核的能谱、ES跃迁皮色子结构函数（BSF）以及21^＋态到01^＋态的跃迁电荷密度(TCD）,理论结果能够对上述物理量作出较合理的描述。     

基于微观IBM对电子-核散射及核电磁性质的研究(Ⅱ) ME理论方案

从一种微观作用玻色子模型（IBM）玻色子集体态子空间映射出费米子集体态子空间,通过假定玻色子算符形式以及使物理算符在两集体态子空间中对应归一化基矢间矩阵元相等,给出了从费米子单体算符导出玻色子单体算符的一种微观理论方法（ME方法）,文中以获取玻色子结构函数亦即确定玻色子形式核跃迁电荷／电流密度算符为例对此作出了详细介绍,利用微观IBM提供的波函数可在玻色子态空间中求出核跃迁电荷／电流密度,结合电子－核散射以及核电磁跃迁的形式理论,可建立研究电子－核散射各种形状因子与微分散射截面以及核约化跃迁几率,电磁多极矩,核态g因子等物理量的理论方案,在微观sdgIBM-1下利用该方案初步计算了146Nd核21^ 态到o 1^ 态的跃迁电荷密度以及约化跃迁几率,理论结果与实验值符合较好。     

基于微观IBM对电子–核散射及核电磁性质的研究(Ⅱ)ME理论方案

从一种微观相互作用玻色子模型(IBM)玻色子集体态子空间映射出费米子集体态子空间,通过假定玻色子算符形式以及使物理算符在两集体态子空间中对应归一化基矢间矩阵元相等,给出了从费米子单体算符导出玻色子单体算符的一种微观理论方法(ME方法).文中以获取玻色子结构函数亦即确定玻色子形式核跃迁电荷/电流密度算符为例对此作出了详细介绍.利用微观IBM提供的波函数可在玻色子态空间中求出核跃迁电荷/电流密度,结合电子–核散射以及核电磁跃迁的形式理论,可建立研究电子–核散射各种形状因子与微分散射截面以及核约化跃迁几率、电磁多极矩、核态g因子等物理量的理论方案.在微观sdgIBM-1下利用该方案初步计算了¹⁴⁶Nd核2+1态到0+1态的跃迁电荷密度以及约化跃迁几率,理论结果与实验值符合较好.     

玻色子等效电荷计算

本文根据相互作用玻色子模型的基本原理,结合实验数据提取了部分U(5)极限和O(6)极限核的玻色子等效电荷,并应用它们计算了混合对称态的跃迁几率.计算表明,中子(质子)玻色子等效电荷随中子(质子)玻色子数增加而减小,即玻色子等效电荷存在屏蔽效应.     

140-162Gd核的低能谱和电磁跃迁的相互作用玻色子模型

采用相互作用玻色子模型研究了140-162Gd偶偶核的低能谱和电磁跃迁,应用一个U(5)→SU(3)的简化哈密顿量很好地描述它们的低能谱和电磁跃迁过渡.结果表明140-162Gd同位素核基本上属于U(5)→SU(3)的过渡核.     

^140-262Gd核的低能谱和电磁跃迁的相互作用玻色子模型

采用相互作用玻色子模型研究了^140-262Gd偶偶核的低能谱和电磁跃迁，应用一个U（5）→SU（3）的简化哈密顿量很好地描述它们的低能谱和电磁跃迁过渡．结果表明^140-262Gd同位素核基本上属于U（5）→SU（3）的过渡核．     

原子核同核异能态诱发辐射研究进展

介绍了同核异能态的特点和诱发同核异能态的几种机制,如直接光激发、电子跃迁诱导核激发(NEET)和电子俘获诱导核激发(NEEC)。同核异能态的诱发辐射研究目前在国际上竞争激烈,尤其是对最近提出的NEEC的研究。同时探讨了在我国开展这些研究的可能性。     

偶偶核高自旋态的微观研究（Ⅰ）理论方案

从壳模型组态及核子－核子有效相互作用出发，借助于广义的玻色子展开方法，建立了一种研究偶偶核高自旋态的微观理论方案．     

偶偶核高自旋态的微观研究(Ⅰ)理论方案

从壳模型组态及核子－核子有效相互作用出发，借助于广义的玻色子展开方法，建立了一种研究偶偶核高自旋态的微观理论方案．     

62-76Zn核的低能谱和电磁跃迁的相互作用玻色子模型(英文)

采用相互作用玻色子模型研究了62—76Zn核的低能正宇称态的能谱和电磁跃迁.应用一个简单的哈密顿量能够较好地描述它们的能谱和电四极跃迁.研究表明,62—76Zn同位素核基本上属于U(5)到O(6)的过渡核.Spectra and E2 transition rates for the even even 62-76Zn isotopes are studied in the framework of the interacting boson model. A schematic Hamiltonian capable of describing their spectra and transition is used. It is found that the even even 62-76Zn isotopes are in the transition from U(5) to O(6) dynamical symmetry.     

An Approach of the Nuclear Transition Charge Density Calculation in the Microscopic sdIBM-2

An approach to calculate the nuclear transition charge density (TCD) within the framework of the microscopic sdIBM-2 is presented and applied to the ¹⁹⁰Os first. It was found that the TCD as well as the spectrum and some reduced E2 transition matrix elements in ¹⁹⁰Os can be reproduced quite satisfactorily on the same microscopic footing.     

Spectral property and its shape transition on 72—84Kr isotopes in microscopic core plus two—quasiparticle approach

By using a microscopic sdIBM-2+2q.p. approach, the levels of the ground-band, γ-band and partial two-quasi-particle bands for {}^{72-84}Kr isotopes are calculated. The data obtained are in good agreement with the recent experimental results, and successfully reproduce the nuclear shape phase transition of {}^{72-84}Kr isotopes at zero temperature. The ground-state band is described successfully up to J^π=18^+ and E_x=10.0MeV. Based on this model, the aligned requisite minimum energy has been deduced. The theoretical calculations indicate that no distinct change of nuclear states is caused by the abruptly broken pair of a boson, and predict that the first backbending of Kr isotopes may be the result of aligning of two quasi-neutrons in orbit g_{9/2}, which gains the new experimental support of the measurements of g factors in the {}^{78-86}Kr isotopes.     

Microscopic Description of g Factors and M1 Properties in Platinum Isotopes

Starting from the shell model configurations, valence nucleon effective interactions and fermion M1 transition current density operator, the counterparts in the proton-neutron interacting boson model (sdIBM-2) of the fermion Hamiltonian and M1 transition current density operator are derived microscopically with the help of Dyson expansion technique. The boson g factors are abstracted from the boson M1 transition current density operator. Spectra, g factors of 2₁⁺, 2₂⁺, 4₁⁺ states and M1 matrix elements between 2₂⁺ and 2₁⁺ are calculated for the even ^192-198Pt isotopes in the sdIBM-2. The theoretical results fit experimental data quite well.     

Charge and transition densities of samarium isotopes in the interacting boson modei

The interacting boson approximation (IBA) model has been used to interpret the ground-state charge distributions and lowest 2⁺ transition charge densities of the even samarium isotopes for A = 144–154. Phenomenological boson transition densities associated with the nucleons comprising the s- and d-bosons of the IBA were determined via a least squares fit analysis of charge and transition densities in the Sm isotopes. The application of these boson transition densities to higher excited 0⁺ and 2⁺ states of Sm, and to 0⁺ and 2⁺ transitions in neighboring nuclei, such as Nd and Gd, is described. IBA predictions for the transition densities of the three lowest 2⁺ levels of ¹⁵⁴Gd are given and compared to theoretical transition densities based on Hartree-Fock calculations. The deduced quadrupole boson transition densities are in fair agreement with densities derived previously from ¹⁵⁰Nd data. It is also shown how certain moments of the best fit boson transition densities can simply and successfully describe rms radii, isomer shifts, B(E2) strengths, and transition radii for the Sm isotopes.     

Empirical transverse charge densities in the nucleon and the nucleon-to-delta transition

Using only the current empirical information on the nucleon electromagnetic form factors we map out the transverse charge density in proton and neutron as viewed from a light front moving towards a transversely polarized nucleon. These charge densities are characterized by a dipole pattern, in addition to the monopole field corresponding with the unpolarized density. Furthermore, we use the latest empirical information on the N-->Delta transition form factors to map out the transition charge density which induces the N-->Delta excitation. This transition charge density in a transversely polarized N and Delta contains both monopole, dipole and quadrupole patterns, the latter corresponding with a deformation of the N and Delta charge distribution.     

Interacting bosons in an optical lattice

A strongly interacting Bose gas in an optical lattice is studied using a hard‐core interaction. Two different approaches are introduced, one is based on a spin‐1/2 Fermi gas with attractive interaction, the other one on a functional integral with an additional constraint (slave‐boson approach). The relation between fermions and hard‐core bosons is briefly discussed for the case of a one‐dimensional Bose gas. For a three‐dimensional gas we identify the order parameter of the Bose‐Einstein condensate through a Hubbard‐Stratonovich transformation and treat the corresponding theories within a mean‐field approximation and with Gaussian fluctuations. This allows us to evaluate the phase diagram, including the Bose‐Einstein condensate and the Mott insulator, the density‐density correlation function, the static structure factor, and the quasiparticle excitation spectrum. The role of quantum and thermal fluctuations are studied in detail for both approaches, where we find good agreement with the Gross‐Pitaevskii equation and with the Bogoliubov approach in the dilute regime. In the dense regime, which is characterized by the phase transition between the Bose‐Einstein condensate and the Mott insulator, we discuss a renormalized Gross‐Pitaevskii equation. This equation can describe the macroscopic wave function of the Bose‐Einstein condensate in the dilute regime as well as close to the transition to the Mott insulator. Finally, we compare the results of the attractive spin‐1/2 Fermi gas and those of the slave‐boson approach and find good agreement for all physical quantities.     

Nuclear Creation and Annihilation Operators and Electromagnetic Multipole Fields

The frequency spectrum of electromagnetic radiation can be written as the Fourier transform of the first-order correlation function of the vector potential. If nuclei are coupled to the radiation field, the Heisenberg equations of motion of the field operators contain nuclear operators and vice versa. Under plausible assumptions the equations of motion for the nuclear operators can be integrated and hence, the equations of the field operators can be solved. The vector potential of the radiated field can then be expressed as a function of solely nuclear quantities. The first-order correlation function deduced from it contains only two-times and one-time averages of simple nuclear creation and annihilation operators. The theory can be used to explain homogeneous line broadening for long-lived nuclei submitted to small fluctuating interactions. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

原子核密度经验公式与轻子-核DIS过程的核效应

在核密度模型基础之上利用原子核密度经验公式得到的核密度和利用电磁半径平方平均值得到的核密度分别计算了轻子 核深度非弹性散射过程中的核效应函数RHe/D(x, Q2), RLi/D(x, Q2), RC/Li(x, Q2), RCa/Li(x, Q2), 发现利用由原子核密度经验公式得到的核密度计算核效应函数所得结果与NMC实验数据符合得较好, 并且优于用后者方法计算核效应函数的理论结果, 从而说明利用原子核密度经验公式研究核子结构函数核效应的合理性。 The nuclear effect functions in l A DIS process RHe/D(x, Q2), RLi/D(x, Q2), RC/Li(x, Q2) and RCa/Li(x, Q2) are calculated on the basis of the nuclear density model by using nuclear densities obtained from an empirical formula or the experimental values of the electromagnetic mean of radius square 〈r2〉, respectively．It is shown that the nuclear effect functions obtained from the empirical formula are in good agreement with the NMC experimental data, and better than the later ones．The empirical formula of the nuclear density can be used to study the nuclear effect of nucleon structure functions reasonably.